光通量计算公式Excel电子表格常用公式大全

promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve natural
resources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve the
party's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat
Excel电子表格常用公式大全

1、 查找重复内容公式：=IF(COUNTIF(A:A,A2)>1,重复。

2、 用出生年月来计算年龄公式：=TRUNC((DAYS360(H6,。

3、 从输入的 18位身份证号的出生年月计算公式：
=CONCATENATE(MID(E2,7,4),。

4、 从输入的身份证号码内让系统自动提取性别，可以输入以下公式：

=IF(LEN(C2)=15,IF(MOD(MID(C2,15,1),2)=1,男女男女
公 式内的“C2”代表的是输入身份证号码的单元格。

1、求和： =SUM(K2:K56) ——对K2到K56这一区域进行求和；

2、平均数： =AVERAGE(K2:K56) ——对K2 K56这一区域求平均数；

3、排名： =RANK(K2，K$$2:K$$56) ——对55名学生的成绩进行排名；

4、等级： =IF(K2>=85,优良及格不及格

5、学期总评： =K2*0.3+M2*0.3+N2*0.4 ——假设K列、M列和N列分别存放着学生的“平时
总评”、“期中”、“期末”三项成绩；

6、最高分： =MAX(K2:K56) ——求K2到K56区域（55名学生）的最高分；

7、最低分： =MIN(K2:K56) ——求K2到K56区域（55名学生）的最低分；

8、分数段人数统计：

（1） =COUNTIF(K2:K56,——求K2到K56区域100分的人数；假设把结果存放 于K57
单元格；

（2） =COUNTIF(K2:K56,－K57 ——求K2到K56区域95～99.5分的人数；假设把结
果存放于K58单元格；

（3）=COUNTIF(K2:K56,－SUM(K57:K58) ——求K2到K56区域90～94.5分的人数；
假设把结果存放于K59单元格；

（4）=COUNTIF(K2:K56,－SUM(K57:K59) ——求K2到K56区域85～89.5分的人数；
假设把结果存放于K60单元格；

bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the clesng point, starting from the Central Government's self- restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre,
through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the o Ze-Dong's historical cycle ofofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the ntow profile shadow began to gradually plan
development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release n does not speak ofcal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...
Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis
promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve natural
resources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve the
party's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat
（5）=COUNTIF(K2:K56,－SUM(K57:K60) ——求K2到K56区域70～84.5分的人数；
假设把结果存放于K61单元格；

（6）=COUNTIF(K2:K56,－SUM(K57:K61) ——求K2到K56区域60～69.5分的人数；
假设把结果存放于K62单元格；

（7） =COUNTIF(K2:K56,——求K2到K56区域60分以下的人数；假设把结果存 放于
K63单元格；

说明：COUNTIF函数也可计算某一区域男、女生人数。

如：=COUNTIF(C2:C351,男——求C2到C351区域（共350人）男性人数；

9、优秀率： =SUM(K57:K60)55*100

10、及格率： =SUM(K57:K62)55*100

11、标准差： =STDEV(K2:K56) ——求K2到K56区域(55人)的成绩波动情况（数值越小，说
明 该班学生间的成绩差异较小，反之，说明该班存在两极分化）；

12、条件求和： =SUMIF(B2:B56,男，K2:K56) ——假设B列存放学生的性别，K列存放学生
的分数，则此函数返回的结果表示求该班男生的成绩之和；

13、多条件求和： ｛=SUM(IF(C3:C322=男｝ ——假设C列（C3:C 322
区域）存放学生的性别，G列（G3:G322区域）存放学生所在班级代码（1、2、3、4、 5），
则此函数返回的结果表示求一班的男生人数；这是一个数组函数，输完后要按Ctrl＋Shif t＋Enter
组合键(产生“｛……｝”)。“｛｝”不能手工输入，只能用组合键产生。

14、根据出生日期自动计算周岁：=TRUNC((DAYS360(D3,NOW( )))360,0)

———假设D列存放学生的出生日期，E列输入该函数后则产生该生的周岁。

15、在Word中三个小窍门：

①连续输入三个“~”可得一条波浪线。

②连续输入三个“-”可得一条直线。

连续输入三个“=”可得一条双直线。

一、excel中当某一单元格符合特定条件，如何在另一单元格显示特定的颜色比如：
A1〉1时，C1显示红色
0A1<0时，C1显示黄色
bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the clesng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre,
through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the o Ze-Dong's historical cycle ofofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the ntow profile shadow began to gradually plan
development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release n does not speak ofcal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...
Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis
promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve natural
resources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve the
party's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat
方法如下：
1、单元击C1单元格，点“格式”>“条件格式”，条件1设为：
公式 =A1=1
2、点“格式”->“字体”->“颜色”，点击红色后点“确定”。
条件2设为：
公式 =AND(A1>0,A1<1)
3、点“格式”->“字体”->“颜色”，点击绿色后点“确定”。
条件3设为：
公式 =A1<0
点“格式”->“字体”->“颜色”，点击黄色后点“确定”。
4、三个条件设定好后，点“确定”即出。

二、EXCEL中如何控制每列数据的长度并避免重复录入

1、用数据有效性定义数据长度。
用鼠标选定你要输入的数据范围，点数据有效性设置，有效 性条件设成允许文本长
度等于（具体条件可根据你的需要改变）。
还可以定义一些提示信息、出错警告信息和是否打开中文输入法等，定义好后点确定。
2、用条件格式避免重复。
选定A列，点格式条件格式，将条件设成“公式=COUNTIF($$A: $$A,$$A1)>1”，点格式
字体颜色，选定红色后点两次确定。
这样设定好后你输入数据如果长度不对会有提示，如果数据重复字体将会变成红色。

三、在EXCEL中如何把B列与A列不同之处标识出来？
（一）、如果是要求A、B两列的同一行数据相比较：
假定第一行为表头，单击A2单元格，点“格式”->“条件格式”，将条件设为:
“单元格数值” “不等于”=B2
点“格式”->“字体”->“颜色”，选中红色，点两次“确定”。
用格式刷将A2单元格的条件格式向下复制。
B列可参照此方法设置。
（二）、如果是A列与B列整体比较（即相同数据不在同一行）：
假定第一行为表头，单击A2单元格，点“格式”->“条件格式”，将条件设为:
“公式”=COUNTIF($$B:$$B,$$A2)=0
点“格式”->“字体”->“颜色”，选中红色，点两次“确定”。
用格式刷将A2单元格的条件格式向下复制。
B列可参照此方法设置。
按以上方法 设置后，AB列均有的数据不着色，A列有B列无或者B列有A列无的数据标记为红
色字体。

四、EXCEL中怎样批量地处理按行排序

假定有大量的数据(数值)，需要将每一行按从大到小排序，如何操作？
由于按行排序与按列 排序都是只能有一个主关键字,主关键字相同时才能按次关键字排序。所以，
这一问题不能用排序来解决 。解决方法如下：
bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the clesng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre,
through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the o Ze-Dong's historical cycle ofofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the ntow profile shadow began to gradually plan
development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release n does not speak ofcal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...
Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis
promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve natural
resources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve the
party's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat
1、假定你的数据在A至E列，请在F1单元格输入公式：
=LARGE($$A1:$$E1,COLUMN(A1))
用填充柄将公式向右向下复制到相应范围。
你原有数据将按行从大到小排序出现在F至J列。 如有需要可用“选择性粘贴数值”复制到其他
地方。
注：第1步的公式可根据你的实际情况（ 数据范围）作相应的修改。如果要从小到大排序,公式
改为:=SMALL($$A1:$$E1,COLU MN(A1))

五、巧用函数组合进行多条件的计数统计

例：第一行 为表头，A列是“姓名”，B列是“班级”，C列是“语文成绩”，D列是“录取结果”，现在
要统计“ 班级”为“二”，“语文成绩”大于等于104，“录取结果”为“重本”的人数。统计结果存放在本
工 作表的其他列。
公式如下：
=SUM(IF((B2:B9999=二重本
输入完 公式后按Ctrl+Shift+Enter键,让它自动加上数组公式符号。

六、如何判断单元格里是否包含指定文本？
假定对A1单元格进行判断有无指定文本以下任一公式均可:
=IF(COUNTIF(A1 ,指定文本有无
=IF(ISERROR(FIND(指定文本无有

求某一区域内不重复的数据个数
例如求A1:A100范围内不重复数据的个数，某个数重复多次出现只算一个。有两种计算方法：
一是利用数组公式：
=SUM(1COUNTIF(A1:A100,A1:A100))
输入完公式后按Ctrl+Shift+Enter键,让它自动加上数组公式符号。
二是利用乘积求和函数：
=SUMPRODUCT(1COUNTIF(A1:A100,A1:A100))

七、一个工作薄中有许多工作表如何快速整理出一个目录工作表

1、用宏3.0取出各工作表的名称，方法：
Ctrl+F3出现自定义名称对话框，取名为X，在“引用位置”框中输入：
=MID(OK(1),FIND(
确定
2、用HYPERLINK函数批量插入连接，方法：
在目录工作表（一般为第一个sheet）的A2单元格输入公式：
=HYPERLINK(
将公式向下填充，直到出错为止，目录就生成了。

bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the clesng point, starting from the Central Government's self- restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre,
through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the o Ze-Dong's historical cycle ofofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the ntow profile shadow began to gradually plan
development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release n does not speak ofcal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...
Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis