d间距公式(完整版)英文财务指标及计算公式汇总

2020年10月3日发(作者：蓝仁)
Ratios
Profitability ratios
Profitability ratios measure the firm's use of its assets and control of its expenses to generate an acceptable
rate of return.
Gross margin, Gross profit margin or Gross Profit Rate

OR


Operating margin, Operating Income Margin, Operating profit margin or Return on sales (ROS)

Note: Operating income is the difference between operating revenues and operating expenses, but it
is also sometimes used as a synonym for EBIT and operating profit.
[10]
This is true if the firm has no
non-operating income. (Earnings before interest and taxes Sales)

Profit margin, net margin or net profit margin


Return on equity (ROE)


Return on investment (ROI ratio or Du Pont ratio)


Return on assets (ROA)


Return on assets Du Pont (ROA Du Pont)
1



Return on Equity Du Pont (ROE Du Pont)


Return on net assets (RONA)


Return on capital (ROC)


Risk adjusted return on capital (RAROC)

OR


Return on capital employed (ROCE)

Note: this is somewhat similar to (ROI), which calculates Net Income per Owner's Equity

Cash flow return on investment (CFROI)


Efficiency ratio


Net gearing
2


Liquidity ratios
Liquidity ratios measure the availability of cash to pay debt.
Current ratio


Acid-test ratio (Quick ratio)
[17]



Operation cash flow ratio

Activity ratios
Activity ratios measure the effectiveness of the firms use of resources.
Average collection period


Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL)


DSO Ratio


Average payment period


3

Asset turnover


Inventory turnover ratio


Receivables Turnover Ratio


Inventory conversion ratio


Inventory conversion period


Receivables conversion period


Payables conversion period


Cash Conversion Cycle
Inventory Conversion Period + Receivables Conversion Period - Payables Conversion Period

Debt ratios (leveraging ratios)
Debt ratios measure the firm's ability to repay long-term debt. Debt ratios measure financial leverage.
Debt ratio
4



Debt to equity ratio


Long-term Debt to equity (LT Debt to Equity)


Times interest-earned ratio

OR


Debt service coverage ratio

Market ratios
Market ratios measure investor response to owning a company's stock and also the cost of issuing stock.
Earnings per share (EPS)


Payout ratio

OR


Dividend cover (the inverse of Payout Ratio)
5



PE ratio


Dividend yield




Cash flow ratio or Pricecash flow ratio


Price to book value ratio (PB or PBV)


Pricesales ratio


PEG ratio

Other Market Ratios
EVEBITDA


EVSales


6

CostIncome ratio
Sector-specific ratios
EVcapacity
EVoutput

7