考研英语一后一套卷

考研英语一后一套卷

———————————————————————————————— 作者：
———————————————————————————————— 日期：




2

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语试卷(英语一)


试卷条形码


考生注意事项
1. 答题前，考生应按照准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名” 、“报考单位”、“考
生编号”等信息。
2. 客观题答案填涂按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅 笔完成。如需改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。英
译汉和写作部分必须用（蓝）黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔 在答题卡上做答。字迹要
清楚。
3. 考试结束，将答题卡和试题册交回。








3

考生编号
考生姓名
Directions：

钟方源
Section I Use of English
Read the following text．Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A，B，
C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1．(10 points)

Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator.
Inflation is a period of increased __1__ that causes rapid rises in prices. __2__ your money buys fewer goods so
that you get __3__for the same amount of money as before, inflation is the problem. There is a general rise
__4__the price of goods and services. Your money buys less. Sometimes people describe inflation as a（n）__5__
when “a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore.”
Inflation is a problem for all consumers. People who live on a fixed income are hurt the __6__. Retired
people, for instance, cannot __7__ on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face
serious problems in stretching their incomes to __8__ their needs in time of inflation. Retirement income
__9__any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices. Many retired people must cut their spending to
__10__rising prices. In many cases they must stop __11__some necessary items, such as food and clothing.
Even __12__ working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can be a problem. The __13__of living goes
up, too. People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things
they need costs more. When incomes do not keep __14__with rising prices, the standard of living goes down.
People may be earning the same amount of money, but they are not living __15__they are not able to buy as
many goods and services.
Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes
__16__the rate of change can be determined. A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a
__17__year as the base. The base price is set __18__100, and the other prices are reported as a __19__ of the
base price. A price index makes it possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods, __20__, with
prices of the same goods in previous years.

1. [A]spending
2. [A]Before
3. [A]much
4. [A]in
[B]demanding [C]consuming [D]saving
[B]Unless
[B]little
[B]on


[C]Since
[C]more
[C]at
4

[D]When
[D]less
[D]to

5. [A]chance [B]time
6. [A]best
7. [A]rely
[B]lest
[B]rest



[C]moment
[C]most
[C]depend
[C]care
[D]occasion
[D]worst
[D]count
[D]acquire 8. [A]meet [B]obtain
9. [A]or [B]and [C]excluding [D]including
10. [A]live up to [B]catch up to [C]put up with [D]keep up with
11. [A]to buy [B]buying
12. [A]for [B]to
[C]having bought [D]from buying
[C]of
[C]cost


[D]if
[D]standard
[D]step
[D]as such
[D]by which
[D] given
[D]against
13. [A]price [B]level
14. [A]race [B]pace

[C]speed
[C]because 15. [A]in case [B]until
16. [A]in which [B]from which [C]of which
17. [A]last
18. [A]on
19. [A] portion
[B] definite
[B]by
[C]fixed
[C]at
[B] percentage [C]proportion [D]fraction
20. [A] by contrast [B] what’s more [C]for example [D]like

Section 11 Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions
：

Read the following four texts
．
Answer the questions below each text by choosing A
，
B
，
C
，
or D
．
Mark your
answers on ANSWER SHEET 1
．
(40 points)

Text l
Many parents complain that their teenage children are rebelling．They greet their children's teenage with
needless dread. While teenagers may assault us with heavy- metal music, wear strange clothes，have strange hair
styles．and spend all their time dating or meeting friends，such behavior scarcely adds up to full-scale revolt.
Take a good look at the present rebellion．It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing
that they disagree with their parents．Instead of striking out boldly on their wings，most of them are clutching at
one another’s hands for reassurance．Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd
is doing it．It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his
or her own way．They have come out of their cocoon——into a larger cocoon·
Teenage rebellion，according to psychologist Laurence Steinberg，coauthor of You and Your Adolescent，
has been greatly overstated．Many other psychologists agree. The idea that teenagers inevitably rebel is a myth
5

that has the potential for great family harm．This notion can damage communication during this critical time for
parents to influence youngsters·
Still adolescence is often a trying time of transition for child and parent. Teenagers need to establish
themselves as individuals——in their own minds and in the eyes of others. This search isn’t about rebellion：it's
about becoming a person of one’s own. “Teenagers ought to be growing away from their parents and learning to
stand on their own two feet,” says Steinberg.
Here is one way parents can help：don’t stereotype. “Parents who expect teenage rebellion may actually stir
it up.” says Kenneth I. Howard，a member of a research team that collected survey data on more than 20, 000
teenagers over a 28-year period．
Howard cautions parents not to resort to suppression at the first sight of adolescent independence，fearful
that giving in even slightly now means drugs cannot be far behind．When parents overreact，teenagers assert
themselves more，parents clamp down harder，and a full-scale blowup results．
In fact，psychologists say that there is no inevitable pattern to teenage behavior，and no such creature as a
typical teenager. Your teenager is now larger，stronger, older and smarter than before，with an additional supply
of hormone raging through the bloodstream．But he or she is still the same human being you have lived with
since birth. Given a chance，your son or daughter will continue to behave in ways you have established．

21. According to the writer，parents’ fear for their children’s teenage is______·
[A]ridiculous [B]unnecessary
[C]unreasonable [D]sensible
They greet their children's teenage with needless dread.
22．“A larger cocoon” as mentioned in Paragraph 2 refers to the situation that_____．
[A ] teenagers disagree with their parents
[B] teenagers want to be independent
[C] teenagers cannot escape from the popularity wave
[D]teenagers need support from their fellow teenagers
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her
own way．They have come out of their cocoon——into a larger cocoon·
23．Overstating teenage rebellion will lead to the following consequences EXCEPT______．
[A] it can do harm to the family
[B] it can damage parents’ influence
[C] it can prevent teenagers from being individuals
[D] it can impair teenagers’ ability to make correct judgment
This notion can damage communication during this critical time for parents to influence youngsters·
6

24．According to the psychologists，it is beneficial for parents to______． ‘
[A] show fear [B] use suppression
[C] clamp down harder [D] treat teenagers as they used to
25．The text is meant to_______．
[A] advise the parents how to get along with their teenagers
[B] discuss teenage rebellion and ways to cope with it
[C] introduce psychologists’ views on teenage behaviors
[D] clarify the misconception about teenage rebellion
Text 2
Human relations have commanded people’s attention from early times. The ways of people have been
recorded in innumerable myths, folktales, novels, poems, plays, and popular or philosophical essays. Although
the full significance of a human relationship may not be directly evident, the complexity of feelings and actions
that can be understood at a glance is surprisingly great. For this reason psychology holds a unique position
among the sciences．
“Intuitive” knowledge may be remarkably penetrating and can significantly help us understand human
behavior whereas in the physical sciences such common sense knowledge is relatively primitive．If we erased all
knowledge of scientific physics from our world，not only would we not have cars and television sets, we might
even find that the ordinary person was unable to cope with the fundamental mechanical problems of pulleys and
levers. On the other hand，if we removed all knowledge of scientific psychology from our world, problems in
interpersonal relations might easily be coped with and solved much as before．We would still “know” how to
avoid doing something asked of us and how to get someone to agree with us；we would still “know” when
someone was angry and when someone was pleased．One could even offer sensible explanations for the “whys’’
of much of the self’s behavior and feelings．In other words，the ordinary person has a great and profound
understanding of the self and of other people which，though unformulated or only vaguely conceived，enables
one to interact with others in more or less adaptive ways．Kohler in referring to the lack of great discoveries in
psychology as compared with physics，accounts for this by saying that “people were acquainted with practically
all territories of mental life a long time before the founding of scientific psychology.”
Paradoxically, with all this natural，intuitive，commonsense capacity to grasp human relations，the science
of human relations had been one of the last to develop．Different explanations of this paradox have been
suggested．One is that science would destroy the vain and pleasing illusions people have about themselves；but
we might ask why people have always loved to read pessimistic，debunking writings，from Ecclesiastes to
Freud．It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively，there has been less
incentive for studying them scientifically：why should one develop a theory，carry out systematic observations，
or make predictions about the obvious? In any case，the field of human relations，with its vast literary
documentation but meager scientific treatment，is in great contrast to the field of physics in which there are
7

relatively few nonscientific books．

26. Which of the following claims of the passage supports the author's argument that “psychology holds a
unique position among the sciences”(Line 4-5, Para.1)?
[A]The study of common sense in the physical sciences is relatively advanced．
[B]The full meaning of a human relationship may not be obvious．
[C]Psychology plays an important role in modem science and technology． ‘
[D]Intuitive understanding of human behaviors can be clear and precise．
27．According to the passage，which of the following could be safely drawn about the people who lived before
the coming of scientific psychology?
[A]They think much of investigating of interpersonal relationship．
[B]Knowledge of the physical science was not very attractive for them．
[C]They pay much attention to correctly handle human relationship．
[D]Their intuitions about human relations were reasonably sophisticated．
28．The author suggests that common sense knowledge of human relations is______．
[A]usually biased due to the fact that it is based on myths and folktales
[B]generally accurate enough to facilitate interactions with each other
[C]equally well developed among every adult within a given society
[D]typically unrelated to an individual’s interactions with other people
29．The author uses Ecclesiastes and Freud (Line 5，Para.3) as examples in order to_____．
[A]find a satisfactory explanation to the human relations in their books
[B]show the growing tendency to ignore scientific explanations of human relations
[C]challenge the first analysis on the underdevelopment of the science of human relations
[D]prove the unwillingness of people to abandon the pleasing fantasy in their mind
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
[A]Intuition couldn’t explain the motive of one’s behavior．
[B]Scientific psychology seems to be the most advanced subject．
[C]The scientific method is difficult to apply to psychology．
[D]Some believe that the obvious deserves no scientific study．

Text 3
If you are anything like me，you left the theater after Sex and the City 2 and thought，there ought to be a law
8

against a looks- based culture in which the only way for 40-year- old actresses to be compensated like 40-year-old
actors is to have them look and dress like the teenage daughters of 40-year-old actors．
Meet Deborah Rhode，a Stanford law professor who proposes a legal regime in which discrimination on the
basis of looks is as serious as discrimination based on gender or race．In a provocative new book，The Beauty
Bias，Rhode lays out the case for all America in which appearance discrimination is no longer allowed．That
means Hooters can't fire its servers for being too heavy，as allegedly happened last month to a waitress in
Michigan who says she received nothing but excellent reviews but weighed 132 pounds．
Rhode is at her most persuasive when arguing that in America，discrimination against unattractive women
and short men is as pernicious and widespread as bias based on race，sex，age，ethnicity, religion，and
disability．Rhode cites research to prove her point：11 percent of surveyed couples say they would abort a fetus
predisposed toward obesity．College students tell surveyors they'd rather have a spouse who is an embezzler，
drug user，or a shoplifter than one who is obese．
And all of this is compounded by a virtually unregulated beauty and diet industry and soaring rates of
elective cosmetic surgery．Rhode reminds us how Hillary Clinton and Sonia Sotomayor were savaged by the
media for their looks，and says it's no surprise that Sarah Palin paid her makeup artist more than any member of
her staff in her run for the vice presidency．
And the problem with making appearance discrimination illegal is that Americans just really，really like hot
girls．And so long as being a hot girl is deemed a bona fide occupational qualification，there will be cocktail
waitresses fired for gaining three pounds．It’s not just American men who like things this way．The truth is that
women feel good about competing in beauty pageants．
To put it another way，appearance bias is a massive societal problem with tangible economic costs that
mostof us-- perhaps especially women---perpetuate each time we buy a diet pill or sneer at fat women．This
doesn’t mean we shouldn’t work toward eradicating discrimination based on appearance．But it may mean
recognizing that the law won’t stop us from discriminating against the overweight，the aging，and the imperfect，
so long as it's the quality we all hate most in ourselves．

31．Which of the following is the best description of the author's emotions after watching Sex and the City 2?
[A] Envy and longing． [B] Remorse and guilt．
[C] Jealousy and hatred． [D] Displeasure and anger．
32．The word “That” in Para.2 refers to_____．
[A] a law against discrimination based on appearance
[B] the situation in America when appearance discrimination is illegal
[C] discrimination based on gender or race is eliminated
[D] a law against companies’ firing employees based on appearance
33．Which of the followings is NOT included in Prof. Rhode’s arguments?
[A] There should be a law against discrimination based on appearance as against gender or racial
9

discrimination．‘
[B] If appearance discrimination is illegal in America，no company can fire their employees because of
their looks．
[C] Not only American men like pretty women，American women themselves also attach great value to
beauty．
[D] Appearance bias is as harmful and common as racial and religious discrimination．
34. It is very hard to establish a law against appearance discrimination because _______．
[A] American people regard beauty as a very valuable and desirable quality
[B] cocktail waitresses want to be competitive and earn more money
[C] American women like participating in beauty pageants
[D] such a law will harm the American economy
35．What conclusion can we draw from the passage?
[A] American people，both men and women，need to be good-looking for their careers’ sake．
[B] Film directors should start using ordinary-looking middle-aged actresses to help change the beauty
bias．
[C] American people need to change their attitudes toward the appearance of themselves to change the
beauty bias．
[D] If people really hate themselves for being fat or ugly, they will be against a law stopping appearance
discrimination．

Text4
School authorities often refuse to face the problem of drug-abuse; government drug-abuse agencies have
done too little to inform the public about it；many physicians still seem unaware of it when they examine
teenagers．As a result，parents may still be the last to know that their children have fallen victim to the drug
epidemic that has been raging for more than a decade among American’s youth．In a survey of a middle-income
Cincinnati suburb, 38 percent of the sixth grade and 89 percent of the senior class said they used drug and
alcohol; 48 percent of the parents thought their children used alcohol，but only 8 percent thought their children
used drug．
Fortunately, there is a new force at work against this epidemic ---- a nationwide movement of more than 400
parent groups formed to expose and battle drug use among teenagers and preteens. The groups have different
approaches and widely varying rates of success. Yet this parental crusade is the only major force in the country
to have taken active, organized and effective steps aimed at stopping marijuana use．
Why the concentration on marijuana? Marijuana is the illegal drug most used by kids．According to a
National High School Survey，44 percent of U.S. high school seniors had smoked pot during their school years，
and one out of seven of these were daily or near daily smokers．There was a close-related connection between
pot smoking and subsequent use of cocaine and heroin by young men．Of those who had smoked pot fewer than
10

1 00 times, seven percent had graduated to cocaine，four percent to heroin．But of those who had smoked pot at
least 1,000 times, 73 percent had gone on to cocaine, and one out of three had graduated to heroin．
Parent groups have found that by stopping their kids from smoking pot, they almost automatically stop all
other illegal drugs, and cut down on alcohol use as well. The High School Senior Survey’s statistics show that
heavy pot smokers tend to be heavy drinkers, while those who do not use pot tend not to drink heavily．
Since virtually all over the country teenage “partying” has come to mean “getting smashed and getting
stoned” on anything from pot to pills to hashish，LSD，and alcohol，some parent groups home in on the partying
aspect．Parents Who Care (PWC) was started in 1979 by 15 Palo Alto, Calif., parents who were upset by stories
of serious drug problems at parties. They held talk sessions with their children and learned that most of their
children had never been to a party where the main activity was not getting high．The parents’ solution：
workshops showing kids how to give successful drug-and-alcohol free parties. Says Margery Ranch，PWC
director, “We’ve seen a change in attitude. Young people are feeling more comfortable saying no.”
36．The main idea of Paragraph 1 is that______．
[A]society pays little attention to drug use among teenagers
[B]drug-abuse has become a common problem among teenagers
[C]parents are angry at children’s drug-abuse
[D]children use alcohol more often than drug
37．The author believes that the parent groups______．
[A]are formed to work against a physical disease
[B]are the only force in stopping drug use
[C]are variously effective in their work
[D]have achieved great success
38．Parents Who Care (PWC) was started______．
[A]to deal with the problem of teenage partying
[B]to help parents upset by the drug problems at parties
[C]to provide drug—and-alcohol—free parties
[D]to hold a party where children feel high
39．In this text，the author is primarily concerned with_____．
[A]why drug-abuse problem is SO serious
[B]why parents are concerned over drug—abuse problem
[C]what parents do to stop drug-abuse
[D]what caused the problem of teenagers’ drug-abuse
40．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
[A]Cutting down alcohol use may help stop drug- abuse．
[B]Among the illegal drugs, cocaine is very popular among kids．
[C]Heavy pot smokers are heavy drinkers．
11

[D]Giving up pot smoking may contribute to abandoning other illegal drugs．









Part B
Directions：
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1–5, choose the most suitable one
from the list A–F to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any
of the blanks.

More than 40 million Americans between the ages of 5 and 18 attend schools throughout the United States.
About 2 million school-age children are taught at home. ___41___. C
Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home schoolers, perceiving their actions as the
ultimate slap in the face of public education and a damaging move for the children. ___42___ A. Some public
schools have moved closer to tolerance, and, even in some cases, are seeking cooperation with home schoolers.

it's not as terrible as they've been told, and they'll want to come back,
Perhaps, but don't count on it, say home-school advocates. Some home schoolers oppose that public
school system because they have strong convictions that their approach to education — whether fueled by
religious belief or the individual child's interests and natural pace— is best. _D__43___parents are
highly independent and strive to 'take responsibility' for their own lives within a society that they define as
bureaucratic and inefficient,
But Howard Carol, spokesman for America's largest teachers union, argues that home schooling parents
are trying to hide their children from the real world. says Van Gallon.
with problems, people that have a drug problem, people that have an alcohol problem, and teenage pregnancy.
___G_44___. But shielding the children from the real mix of what happens every day is denying them
something that they are going to need later in . Carol also questioned the competence of parents as
teachers though he admitted that some home schoolers do better academically.
student is not denied the full range of curriculum experiences and appropriate materials, especially now with the
new technology that is being introduced and the costs involved there.

school officials,Frank Bernet, the executive director of the National Association of College Admission
Councilors.
our own.

12

[A] Yet, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the home-school
population, the hard lines seem to be softening a bit.
[B] Schools have banned cupcakes, issued obesity report cards and cleared space in cafeterias for salad bars.
[C] While home schooling offers an alternative to the school environment, it has become a controversial issue.
[D] Other home schoolers contend schools teach heresy, but that schools teach whatever
they teach inappropriately.
[E] I know why they are doing it, but I wonder why they can't work with school officials and teachers to make
the school what they want it to be.
[F] The idea that a big baby is a healthy baby, and a crying baby is probably a hungry baby who should be fed,
are things we really need to rethink.
[G] We have many problems that happen in our society and many of the children are victims.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your
translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET．(10 points)
American and Japanese researchers are developing a smart Car that will help drivers avoid accidents by
predicting when they are about to make a dangerous move．
The smart Car of the future will be able to tell if drivers are going to turn，change lanes，speed up，slow down
or pass another Car．
If the driver's intended action could lead to all accident，the car will activate a warning system or override
the move．
(46)
the driver’s behavior, the developers believe that they can start to build cars that adapt to suit people’s needs,”
New Scientist magazine said．
Alex Pentland of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology collaborated on the project with Andrew Liu
who works for the Japanese carmaker Nissan．
(47)Tests of their smart car using a driving simulator have shown that it is 95 percent accurate in predicting a
driver's move 12 seconds in advance．
(48)The system is based on driving behavior which the researchers say can be divided into chains of
sub-actions which include preparatory moves．
． It monitors the driver's behavior patterns to predict the next move．
“To make its predictions，Nissan’s smart Car uses a computer and sensors on the steering wheel，accelerator
and brake to monitor a person’s driving patterns．(49)A brief training session, in which the driver is asked to
perform certain maneuvers, allows the system to calculate the probability of particular actions occurring in
two-second time segments,．
Liu has also done work on tracking eye movement to predict driving behavior．(50)He said the smart car
could be adapted to monitor eye movement which could give even earlier predictions of when a driver is about
to make a wrong move．

Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51．Directions：Suppose you are a university student and you read an advertisement of a company which is
wanting a part-time sales representative. Write a letter to apply for the job and in the letter you are supposed to
include the post you would like to apply for，your experience and your hobbies，etc．
13

Write your letter in no less than 100 words．Write on ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)

Part B
52．Directions：Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1）describe the drawing briefly,
2）explain its intended meaning, and then
3）prove your idea with an exampleexamples. (20 points)


14