2017考研英语一最后一套卷

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2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语试卷(英语一)


试卷条形码


考生注意事项
1. 答题前，考生 应按照准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、
“考生编号”等信息。
2. 客观题答案填涂按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。如需改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。英
译汉和写作部分必须用（蓝）黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡上做答。字迹要
清楚。
3. 考试结束，将答题卡和试题册交回。





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考生编号
考生姓名
Directions：

钟方源
Section I Use of English
Read the following text．Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and
mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1．(10 points)

Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general
indicator. Inflation is a period of increased __1__ that causes rapid rises in prices. __2__ your money
buys fewer goods so that you get __3__for the same amount of money as before, inflation is the
problem. There is a general rise __4__the price of goods and services. Your money buys less.
Sometimes people describe inflation as a（n）__5__ when “a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore.”
Inflation is a problem for all consumers. People who live on a fixed income are hurt the __6__.
Retired people, for instance, cannot __7__ on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who
do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to __8__ their needs in time of inflation.
Retirement income __9__any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices. Many retired people
must cut their spending to __10__rising prices. In many cases they must stop __11__some necessary
items, such as food and clothing. Even __12__ working people whose incomes are going up, inflation
can be a problem. The __13__of living goes up, too. People who work must have even more money
to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more. When incomes do
not keep __14__with rising prices, the standard of living goes down. People may be earning the same
amount of money, but they are not living __15__they are not able to buy as many goods and services.
Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price
indexes __16__the rate of change can be determined. A price index measures changes in prices using
the price for a __17__year as the base. The base price is set __18__100, and the other prices are
reported as a __19__ of the base price. A price index makes it possible to compare current prices of
typical consumer goods, __20__, with prices of the same goods in previous years.

1. [A]spending [B]demanding [C]consuming [D]saving
2. [A]Before
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[B]Unless [C]Since [D]When

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3. [A]much
4. [A]in
[B]little
[B]on
[C]more
[C]at




[D]less
[D]to
[D]occasion 5. [A]chance
6. [A]best
7. [A]rely

[B]time
[B]lest

[C]moment
[C]most [D]worst
[B]rest [C]depend [D]count
[C]care [D]acquire 8. [A]meet [B]obtain
9. [A]or [B]and [C]excluding [D]including
10. [A]live up to [B]catch up to [C]put up with [D]keep up with
[C]having bought [D]from buying
[C]of

[D]if
[D]standard
[D]step
11. [A]to buy [B]buying
12. [A]for [B]to
13. [A]price [B]level
14. [A]race
[C]cost
[B]pace [C]speed
15. [A]in case [B]until [C]because [D]as such
[D]by which
[D] given
16. [A]in which [B]from which [C]of which
17. [A]last
18. [A]on
[B] definite

[C]fixed
[B]by [C]at [D]against
19. [A] portion [B] percentage [C]proportion [D]fraction
20. [A] by contrast [B] what’s more [C]for example [D]like

Section 11 Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions：
Read the following four texts．Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B，C，
or D．Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1．(40 points)

Text l
Many parents complain that their teenage children are rebelling．They greet their children's
teenage with needless dread. While teenagers may assault us with heavy-metal music, wear strange
clothes，have strange hair styles．and spend all their time dating or meeting friends，such behavior
scarcely adds up to full-scale revolt.
Take a good look at the present rebellion．It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way
of showing that they disagree with their parents．Instead of striking out boldly on their wings，most
of them are clutching at one another’s hands for reassurance．Their reason for thinking or acting in
thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it．It has become harder and harder for a teenager
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to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way．They have come out of their
cocoon——into a larger cocoon·
Teenage rebellion，according to psychologist Laurence Steinberg，coauthor of
You and Your
Adolescent
，has been greatly overstated．Many other psychologists agree. The idea that teenagers
inevitably rebel is a myth that has the potential for great family harm．This notion can damage
communication during this critical time for parents to influence youngsters·
Still adolescence is often a trying time of transition for child and parent. Teenagers need to
establish themselves as individuals——in their own minds and in the eyes of others. This search isn’t
about rebellion：it's about becoming a person of one’s own. “Teenagers ought to be growing away
from their parents and learning to stand on their own two feet,” says Steinberg.
Here is one way parents can help：don’t stereotype. “Parents who expect teenage rebellion may
actually stir it up.” says Kenneth I. Howard，a member of a research team that collected survey data
on more than 20, 000 teenagers over a 28-year period．
Howard cautions parents not to resort to suppression at the first sight of adolescent
independence，fearful that giving in even slightly now means drugs cannot be far behind．When
parents overreact，teenagers assert themselves more，parents clamp down harder，and a full-scale
blowup results．
In fact，psychologists say that there is no inevitable pattern to teenage behavior，and no such
creature as a typical teenager. Your teenager is now larger，stronger, older and smarter than before，
with an additional supply of hormone raging through the bloodstream．But he or she is still the
same human being you have lived with since birth. Given a chance，your son or daughter will
continue to behave in ways you have established．

21. According to the writer，parents’ fear for their children’s teenage is______·
[A]ridiculous [B]unnecessary
[C]unreasonable [D]sensible
They greet their children's teenage with needless dread.
22．“A larger cocoon” as mentioned in Paragraph 2 refers to the situation that_____．
[A ] teenagers disagree with their parents
[B] teenagers want to be independent
[C] teenagers cannot escape from the popularity wave
[D]teenagers need support from their fellow teenagers
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It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to
go his or her own way．They have come out of their cocoon——into a larger cocoon·
23．Overstating teenage rebellion will lead to the following consequences EXCEPT______．
[A] it can do harm to the family
[B] it can damage parents’ influence
[C] it can prevent teenagers from being individuals
[D] it can impair teenagers’ ability to make correct judgment
This notion can damage communication during this critical time for parents to influence
youngsters·
24．According to the psychologists，it is beneficial for parents to______． ‘
[A] show fear [B] use suppression
[C] clamp down harder [D] treat teenagers as they used to
25．The text is meant to_______．
[A] advise the parents how to get along with their teenagers
[B] discuss teenage rebellion and ways to cope with it
[C] introduce psychologists’ views on teenage behaviors
[D] clarify the misconception about teenage rebellion
Text 2
Human relations have commanded people’s attention from early times. The ways of people
have been recorded in innumerable myths, folktales, novels, poems, plays, and popular or
philosophical essays. Although the full significance of a human relationship may not be directly
evident, the complexity of feelings and actions that can be understood at a glance is surprisingly
great. For this reason psychology holds a unique position among the sciences．
“Intuitive” knowledge may be remarkably penetrating and can significantly help us understand
human behavior whereas in the physical sciences such common sense knowledge is relatively
primitive．If we erased all knowledge of scientific physics from our world，not only would we not
have cars and television sets, we might even find that the ordinary person was unable to cope with
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the fundamental mechanical problems of pulleys and levers. On the other hand，if we removed all
knowledge of scientific psychology from our world, problems in interpersonal relations might easily
be coped with and solved much as before．We would still “know” how to avoid doing something
asked of us and how to get someone to agree with us；we would still “know” when someone was
angry and when someone was pleased．One could even offer sensible explanations for the “whys’’ of
much of the self’s behavior and feelings．In other words，the ordinary person has a great and
profound understanding of the self and of other people which，though unformulated or only
vaguely conceived，enables one to interact with others in more or less adaptive ways．Kohler in
referring to the lack of great discoveries in psychology as compared with physics，accounts for this
by saying that “people were acquainted with practically
all territories of mental life a long time before the founding of scientific psychology.”
Paradoxically, with all this natural，intuitive，commonsense capacity to grasp human
relations，the science of human relations had been one of the last to develop．Different
explanations of this paradox have been suggested．One is that science would destroy the vain and
pleasing illusions people have about themselves；but we might ask why people have always loved to
read pessimistic，debunking writings，from Ecclesiastes to Freud．It has also been proposed that
just because we know so much about people intuitively，there has been less incentive for studying
them scientifically：why should one develop a theory，carry out systematic observations，or make
predictions about the obvious? In any case，the field of human relations，with its vast literary
documentation but meager scientific treatment，is in great contrast to the field of physics in which
there are relatively few nonscientific books．

26. Which of the following claims of the passage supports the author's argument that “psychology
holds a unique position among the sciences”(Line 4-5, Para.1)?
[A]The study of common sense in the physical sciences is relatively advanced．
[B]The full meaning of a human relationship may not be obvious．
[C]Psychology plays an important role in modem science and technology． ‘
[D]Intuitive understanding of human behaviors can be clear and precise．
27．According to the passage，which of the following could be safely drawn about the people who
lived before the coming of scientific psychology?
[A]They think much of investigating of interpersonal relationship．
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[B]Knowledge of the physical science was not very attractive for them．
[C]They pay much attention to correctly handle human relationship．
[D]Their intuitions about human relations were reasonably sophisticated．
28．The author suggests that common sense knowledge of human relations is______．
[A]usually biased due to the fact that it is based on myths and folktales
[B]generally accurate enough to facilitate interactions with each other
[C]equally well developed among every adult within a given society
[D]typically unrelated to an individual’s interactions with other people
29．The author uses Ecclesiastes and Freud (Line 5，Para.3) as examples in order to_____．
[A]find a satisfactory explanation to the human relations in their books
[B]show the growing tendency to ignore scientific explanations of human relations
[C]challenge the first analysis on the underdevelopment of the science of human relations
[D]prove the unwillingness of people to abandon the pleasing fantasy in their mind
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
[A]Intuition couldn’t explain the motive of one’s behavior．
[B]Scientific psychology seems to be the most advanced subject．
[C]The scientific method is difficult to apply to psychology．
[D]Some believe that the obvious deserves no scientific study．

Text 3
If you are anything like me，you left the theater after
Sex and the City 2
and thought，there
ought to be a law against a looks-based culture in which the only way for 40-year-old actresses to be
compensated like 40-year-old actors is to have them look and dress like the teenage daughters of
40-year-old actors．
Meet Deborah Rhode，a Stanford law professor who proposes a legal regime in which
discrimination on the basis of looks is as serious as discrimination based on gender or race．In a
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provocative new book，The Beauty Bias，Rhode lays out the case for all America in which
appearance discrimination is no longer allowed．That means Hooters can't fire its servers for being
too heavy，as allegedly happened last month to a waitress in Michigan who says she received
nothing but excellent reviews but weighed 132 pounds．
Rhode is at her most persuasive when arguing that in America，discrimination against
unattractive women and short men is as pernicious and widespread as bias based on race，sex，
age，ethnicity, religion，and disability．Rhode cites research to prove her point：11 percent of
surveyed couples say they would abort a fetus predisposed toward obesity．College students tell
surveyors they'd rather have a spouse who is an embezzler，drug user，or a shoplifter than one who
is obese．
And all of this is compounded by a virtually unregulated beauty and diet industry and soaring
rates of elective cosmetic surgery．Rhode reminds us how Hillary Clinton and Sonia Sotomayor were
savaged by the media for their looks，and says it's no surprise that Sarah Palin paid her makeup artist
more than any member of her staff in her run for the vice presidency．
And the problem with making appearance discrimination illegal is that Americans just really，
really like hot girls．And so long as being a hot girl is deemed a bona fide occupational
qualification，there will be cocktail waitresses fired for gaining three pounds．It’s not just American
men who like things this way．The truth is that women feel good about competing in beauty
pageants．
To put it another way，appearance bias is a massive societal problem with tangible economic
costs that mostof us--perhaps especially women ---perpetuate each time we buy a diet pill or sneer
at fat women．This doesn’t mean we shouldn’t work toward eradicating discrimination based on
appearance．But it may mean recognizing that the law won’t stop us from discriminating against the
overweight，the aging，and the imperfect，so long as it's the quality we all hate most in
ourselves．

31．Which of the following is the best description of the author's emotions after watching
Sex and
the City 2?

[A] Envy and longing． [B] Remorse and guilt．
[C] Jealousy and hatred． [D] Displeasure and anger．
32．The word “That” in Para.2 refers to_____．
[A] a law against discrimination based on appearance
[B] the situation in America when appearance discrimination is illegal
[C] discrimination based on gender or race is eliminated
[D] a law against companies’ firing employees based on appearance
33．Which of the followings is NOT included in Prof. Rhode’s arguments?
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[A] There should be a law against discrimination based on appearance as against gender or racial
discrimination．‘
[B] If appearance discrimination is illegal in America，no company can fire their employees
because of their looks．
[C] Not only American men like pretty women，American women themselves also attach great
value to beauty．
[D] Appearance bias is as harmful and common as racial and religious discrimination．
34. It is very hard to establish a law against appearance discrimination because _______．
[A] American people regard beauty as a very valuable and desirable quality
[B] cocktail waitresses want to be competitive and earn more money
[C] American women like participating in beauty pageants
[D] such a law will harm the American economy
35．What conclusion can we draw from the passage?
[A] American people，both men and women，need to be good-looking for their careers’ sake．
[B] Film directors should start using ordinary-looking middle-aged actresses to help change the
beauty bias．
[C] American people need to change their attitudes toward the appearance of themselves to
change the beauty bias．
[D] If people really hate themselves for being fat or ugly, they will be against a law stopping
appearance discrimination．

Text4
School authorities often refuse to face the problem of drug-abuse; government drug-abuse
agencies have done too little to inform the public about it；many physicians still seem unaware of it
when they examine teenagers．As a result，parents may still be the last to know that their children
have fallen victim to the drug epidemic that has been raging for more than a decade among
American’s youth．In a survey of a middle-income Cincinnati suburb, 38 percent of the sixth grade
and 89 percent of the senior class said they used drug and alcohol; 48 percent of the parents thought
their children used alcohol，but only 8 percent thought their children used drug．
Fortunately, there is a new force at work against this epidemic ---- a nationwide movement of
more than 400 parent groups formed to expose and battle drug use among teenagers and preteens.
The groups have different approaches and widely varying rates of success. Yet this parental crusade
is the only major force in the country to have taken active, organized and effective steps aimed at
stopping marijuana use．
Why the concentration on marijuana? Marijuana is the illegal drug most used by
kids．According to a National High School Survey，44 percent of U.S. high school seniors had
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smoked pot during their school years，and one out of seven of these were daily or near daily
smokers．There was a close-related connection between pot smoking and subsequent use of
cocaine and heroin by young men．Of those who had smoked pot fewer than 1 00 times, seven
percent had graduated to cocaine，four percent to heroin．But of those who had smoked pot at
least 1,000 times, 73 percent had gone on to cocaine, and one out of three had graduated to
heroin．
Parent groups have found that by stopping their kids from smoking pot, they almost
automatically stop all other illegal drugs, and cut down on alcohol use as well. The High School
Senior Survey’s statistics show that heavy pot smokers tend to be heavy drinkers, while those who do
not use pot tend not to drink heavily．
Since virtually all over the country teenage “partying” has come to mean “getting smashed and
getting stoned” on anything from pot to pills to hashish，LSD，and alcohol，some parent groups
home in on the partying aspect．Parents Who Care (PWC) was started in 1979 by 15 Palo Alto, Calif.,
parents who were upset by stories of serious drug problems at parties. They held talk sessions with
their children and learned that most of their children had never been to a party where the main
activity was not getting high．The parents’ solution：workshops showing kids how to give successful
drug-and-alcohol free parties. Says Margery Ranch，PWC director, “We’ve seen a change in attitude.
Young people are feeling more comfortable saying no.”
36．The main idea of Paragraph 1 is that______．
[A]society pays little attention to drug use among teenagers
[B]drug-abuse has become a common problem among teenagers
[C]parents are angry at children’s drug-abuse
[D]children use alcohol more often than drug
37．The author believes that the parent groups______．
[A]are formed to work against a physical disease
[B]are the only force in stopping drug use
[C]are variously effective in their work
[D]have achieved great success
38．Parents Who Care (PWC) was started______．
[A]to deal with the problem of teenage partying
[B]to help parents upset by the drug problems at parties
[C]to provide drug—and-alcohol—free parties
[D]to hold a party where children feel high
39．In this text，the author is primarily concerned with_____．
[A]why drug-abuse problem is SO serious
[B]why parents are concerned over drug—abuse problem
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[C]what parents do to stop drug-abuse
[D]what caused the problem of teenagers’ drug- abuse
40．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
[A]Cutting down alcohol use may help stop drug-abuse．
[B]Among the illegal drugs, cocaine is very popular among kids．
[C]Heavy pot smokers are heavy drinkers．
[D]Giving up pot smoking may contribute to abandoning other illegal drugs．









Part B
Directions：
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1–5, choose the most
suitable one from the list A–F to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra
choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.

More than 40 million Americans between the ages of 5 and 18 attend schools throughout the
United States. About 2 million school-age children are taught at home. ___41___. C
Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home schoolers, perceiving their
actions as the ultimate slap in the face of public education and a damaging move for the children.
___42___ A. Some public schools have moved closer to tolerance, and, even in some cases, are seeking
cooperation with home schoolers.
the kids access to public school so they'll see it's not as terrible as they've been told, and they'll want
to come back,
Perhaps, but don't count on it, say home-school advocates. Some home schoolers oppose that
public school system because they have strong convictions that their approach to education —
whether fueled by religious belief or the individual child's interests and natural pace— is best.
_D__43___
within a society that they define as bureaucratic and inefficient,
But Howard Carol, spokesman for America's largest teachers union, argues that home schooling
parents are trying to hide their children from the real world. says Van Gallon.
run into people with problems, people that have a drug problem, people that have an alcohol
problem, and teenage pregnancy. ___G_44___. But shielding the children from the real mix of what
happens every day is denying them something that they are going to need later in life.
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questioned the competence of parents as teachers though he admitted that some home schoolers
do better academically. want to make sure that a student is not denied the full range of
curriculum experiences and appropriate materials, especially now with the new technology that is
being introduced and the costs involved there.

by public school officials,
College Admission Councilors.
Now it's time to strike out on our own.

[A] Yet, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the
home-school population, the hard lines seem to be softening a bit.
[B] Schools have banned cupcakes, issued obesity report cards and cleared space in cafeterias for
salad bars.
[C] While home schooling offers an alternative to the school environment, it has become a
controversial issue.
[D] Other home schoolers contend schools teach heresy, but that schools
teach whatever they teach inappropriately.
[E] I know why they are doing it, but I wonder why they can't work with school officials and teachers
to make the school what they want it to be.
[F] The idea that a big baby is a healthy baby, and a crying baby is probably a hungry baby who
should be fed, are things we really need to rethink.
[G] We have many problems that happen in our society and many of the children are victims.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your
translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET．(10 points)
American and Japanese researchers are developing a smart Car that will help drivers avoid
accidents by predicting when they are about to make a dangerous move．
The smart Car of the future will be able to tell if drivers are going to turn，change lanes，speed
up，slow down or pass another Car．
If the driver's intended action could lead to all accident，the car will activate a warning system
or override the move．
(46)
more toward the driver’s behavior, the developers believe that they can start to build cars that adapt
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to suit people’s needs,”
New Scientist
magazine said．
Alex Pentland of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology collaborated on the project with
Andrew Liu who works for the Japanese carmaker Nissan．
(47)Tests of their smart car using a driving simulator have shown that it is 95 percent accurate in
predicting a driver's move 12 seconds in advance．
(48)The system is based on driving behavior which the researchers say can be divided into chains
of sub-actions which include preparatory moves．
． It monitors the driver's behavior patterns to predict the next move．
“To make its predictions，Nissan’s smart Car uses a computer and sensors on the steering
wheel，accelerator and brake to monitor a person’s driving patterns．(49)A brief training session, in
which the driver is asked to perform certain maneuvers, allows the system to calculate the probability
of particular actions occurring in two-second time segments,．
Liu has also done work on tracking eye movement to predict driving behavior．(50)He said the
smart car could be adapted to monitor eye movement which could give even earlier predictions of
when a driver is about to make a wrong move．

Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51．Directions：Suppose you are a university student and you read an advertisement of a company
which is wanting a part-time sales representative. Write a letter to apply for the job and in the letter
you are supposed to include the post you would like to apply for，your experience and your
hobbies，etc．
Write your letter in no less than 100 words．Write on ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.
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Do not write the address. (10 points)

Part B
52．Directions：Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you
should
1）describe the drawing briefly,
2）explain its intended meaning, and then
3）prove your idea with an exampleexamples.

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(20 points)