欢迎回来日语-ask的反义词是什么
2018年6月大学英语四级真题
(第一套
)
2018年6月大学英语四级真题(第1套)
Part I
Writ ing
(30 mi nutes)
Directi ons: For this part, you are allowed
30m inu
tes to write a short essay on the
importa nee of
reading ability and how to
develop it. You sh
ould write at least 120
words but no more than
180 words.
Part II
Seetio
n A
Liste ning Comprehe nsion (25 min utes)
Direetions: In this seetion, you will hear
three
n ews reports. At the end of each n ews
report,
y ou
will hear two or three questi
ons. Both the n
ews report and the questi ons
will be spoke n
only on ee. After you hear a
questi on, you must
eho ose the best an swer
from the four ehoiees
2
marked A), B), C) and D). The n mark the corr
esponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a si
ngle line through the cen tre.
Questi ons
1 and 2 are based on the n ews report
you have
just heard.
1. A) The return of a bottled
message to its owne
r's daughter.
B) A New
Hampshire man's joke with frie nd s
on his
wife.
C) A father's message for his daughter.
D) The history of a cen tury-old motel.
2.
A) She wan ted to show gratitude for his kindn
ess.
B) She wan ted to honor her father's
promise.
C) She had bee n asked by her father
to do so.
D) She was excited to see her
father's han dwri
ting.
Questi ons 3 and 4
are based on the n ews report
you have just
heard.
3. A) People were concerned about the n
umber o f
bees.
B) Several cases of Zika
disease had bee n ide ntif
ied.
3
C) Two millio n bees were in
fected with disease.
D) Zika virus had
destroyed some bee farms.
4. A) It apologized
to its customers.
B) It was forced to kill its
bees.
C) It lost a huge stock of bees.
D)
It lost 2.5 millio n dollars.
Questi ons 5 to
7 are based on the n ews report yo
u have just
heard.
5. A) It stayed in the air for about
two hours.
B) It took off and Ianded on a
football field.
C) It proved to be of high
commercial value.
D) It made a series of sharp
turns in the sky.
6. A) Engin eeri ng
problems.
B) The air pollution it produced.
C) In adequate funding.
D) The oppositi on
from the military.
7. A) It uses the latest
aviati on tech no logy.
B) It flies faster
than a commercial jet.
C) It is a safer means
of transportation.
D) It is more en viro nmen
tally frie ndly.
Sectio n B
Directions: In
this section, you will hear two long
con
versati ons. At the end of each
4
con versati on, you will hear four
questi ons.
Bot h the con versati on and the
questi ons will
besp oke n only on ce. After
you hear a questi
on, you must choose the best
an swer from the
four choices marked A), B),
C) and D). The n
mark the corresp onding
letter on An swer
Sheet 1wit h a sin gle line
through the cen tre.
Questions 8 to 11 are
based on the conversation
you have just heard.
8. A) It seems a depress ing topic.
B) It
sounds quite alarming.
C) It has little impact
on our daily life.
D) It is getting more
serious these days.
9. A) The man does n't un
dersta nd Spa ni sh.
B) The woma n does n't
really like dancing.
C) They don't want
somethi ng too no isy.
D) They can't make it
to the theatre in time.
10. A) It would be
more fun without Mr. Whiteh ead
hosti ng.
B) It has too many acts to hold the audienee's
att
en ti on.
C) It is the most amus ing
show he has ever watc
5
hed.
D) It is a show in appropriate for a
ni ght of chari ty.
11. A) Watch a comedy.
B) Go and see the dan ce.
C) Book the
tickets on li ne.
D) See a film with the man.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the
conversation
you have just heard.
12. A)
Most of her schoolmates are youn ger tha n
she
is.
B) She simply has no idea what school to
transfe r
to.
C) There are too many
activities for her to cope
with.
D) She
worries she won't fit in as a transfer stud
ent.
13. A) Seek advice from senior stude
nts.
B) Pick up some meanin gful hobbies.
C) Participate in after-school activities.
D) Look into what the school offers.
14.
A) Give her help whe never she n eeds it.
B)
Accept her as a tran sfer stude nt.
6
C) Find her accommodati on on
campus.
D) In troduce her to her roommates.
15. A) She has in terests similar to Mr.
Lee's.
B) She has become friends with
Catherine.
C) She has chose n the major
Catheri ne has.
D) She has just tran sferred
to the college.
Sectio n C
Directions: In
this section, you will hear three pas
sages.
At the end of each passage, you will
hear
three or four questi ons. Both the passage
and
the questi ons will be spoke n only on
er
you hear a questi on, you must choose the b
st
an swer from the four choices marked A),B),
C)
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter
on
An swer Sheet 1 with a sin gle line through
the cen tre.
Questi ons 16 to 18 are based
on the passage you
16. A) To in vestigate
how being overweight impa
cts on health.
B) To find out which physical drive is the
most p
owerful.
C) To discover what most
mice like to eat.
7
D) To
determ ine what feeli ngs mice have.
17. A)
Whe n they are hungry.
B) Whe n they are
thirsty.
C) When they smell food.
D) Whe n
they want compa ny.
18. A) They search for
food in groups.
B) They are overweight whe n
food is ple nty.
C) They prefer to be with
other mice.
D) They enjoy the compa ny of
other ani mals.
Questi ons 19 to 21 are based
on the passage you
have just heard.
19. A)
Its con struction started before World War I.
B) Its con structi on cost more tha n $$ 40
billi on.
C) It is efficiently used for
transport.
D) It is one of the best in the
world.
20. A) To improve transportation in the
countrys
ide.
B) To move troops quickly
from place to place.
C) To en able people to
travel at a higher speed.
D) To speed up the
tran sportati on of goods.
21. A) In the
1970s.
B) In the 1960s.
8
C) In the 1950s.
D) In the 1940s.
Questi ons 22 to 25 are based on the passage
you
have just heard.
22. A) Chatti ng
while drivi ng.
B) Messagi ng while driv ing.
C) Driving un der age.
D) Speedi ng on
highways.
23. A) A gadget to hold a pho ne on
the steeri ng
wheel.
B) A gadget to charge
the phone in a car.
C) A device to con trol
the speed of a vehicle.
D) A device to en sure
people drive with both han
ds.
24. A) The
car keeps flashi ng its headlights.
B) The car
slows dow n gradually to a halt.
C) They are
alerted with a light and a sound.
D) They get
a warning on their smart phone.
25. A) In
stalli ng a camera.
B) Using a conn ected app.
C) Check ing their emails.
D) Keep ing a
daily record
Part 皿
Readi ng Comprehe
nsion
9
(40 mi nu tes)
Sectio n A
Directions: In this section,
there is a passage with
10 bla nks. You are
required to select one word
for
each bla
nk from a list of choices give n in a wo
rd
bank follow ing the passage. Read the
passage
through carefully before making your
choices.
Each choice in the bank is ide ntified
by a
letter. Please mark the corresponding lette
r
for each item on An swer Sheet 2 with a
sin
gle line through the cen tre. You may not us
e
any of the words in the bank more tha n once
An office tower on Miller Street in
Manchester is completely covered in solar pan
els. They are used to create some of the
en ergy used by the in sura nee compa ny in
side. Whe n the tower was first __26__ in
1962, it was covered with th in square
stones.
10
These small
square stones became a problem
for the
building and continued to fall off the
face
for 40 years until a major renovation was
__27__ . During this renovation the building's
owners, CIS, __28__ the solar panel
company, Solar century. They agreed to cover
the entire buildi ng in solar pan els. In
2004,
the completed CIS tower became Europe's
largest __29__ of vertical solar pan els. A
vertical solar project on such a large __30__
has n ever bee n repeated sin ce.
Covering
a skyscraper with solar pan els
had n ever bee
n done before, and the CIS
tower was chose n
as one of the
green energy projects
this
renovation project, it was the tallest buildi
ng in the Un ited Kin gdom, but it was __31__
overtaken by the Mill bank Tower.
Gree n
buildi ngs like this aren't __32__
cost-
efficient for the investor, but it does
produce much less pollution than that caused
by energy __33__ through fossil fuels. As
1i
solar pan els get
__34__ , the world is likely to
see more
skyscrapers covered in solar pan
els, collect
ing en ergy much like trees do.
Imagine a
world where building the tallest
skyscraper
was n't a race of __35__ , but
rather one to
collect the most solar en ergy.
A) cheaper B)
cleaner C) collection D)
competed E) con
structed F) con sulted
G) dime nsion H)
discovered I) eve ntual
ly J) height K) n
ecessarily L) productio n
M) range N)scale O)
un dertake n
Sectio n B
Directi ons: In
this secti on, you are going to rea
d a
passage with ten stateme nts attached to it.
Each statement contains information given i n
one of the paragraphs. Ide ntify the paragraph
from which the in formati on is derive d. You
may
choose a paragraph more tha n on ce. Each
paragraph is marked with a letter. A n swer
the
questi ons by marking the corresp onding
letter
on An swer Sheet 2.
12
Some College Stude nts Are Angry
That They
Have to Pay to Do Their Homework
A) Digital learni ng systems now charge stude
nts
for access codes needed to complete
coursework, take quizzes, and turn in
homework. As uni versities
finan ces
that's
go digital,
replac ing — and
students are complaining of a new hit to
their
sometimes joining — expe nsive textbooks:
pricey online accesscodes that are required to
complete coursework and submit assig nmen
ts.
B) The codeLwhich typically range in
price from
$$ 80 to $$ 155 per course — give
stude nts
online access to systems developed
by
education companies like McGraw Hill and
Pears on. These compa ni es, which long
reaped big profits as textbook publishers,
have
boasted that their new on li ne offeri
ngs, whe n
pushed to
13
stude nts
through
universities they
partner with, represent the
future of the in
dustry.
C) But critics say the digital access
codes
represent the same profit-seeking ethos
(观
念) of the textbook bus in ess, and are eve n
harder for students to opt out of. While they
could once buy sec on d-ha nd textbooks, or
share copies with frie nds, the digital
systems
are esse ntially impossible to avoid.
D)
it as the new face of the textbook mono
poly
(垄断),a new way to lock students around
this system,
education advocate for the
U.S. Public In terest
Research Group, to
BuzzFeed News.
pay ing $$ 120,
all
digital it eliminates the used book market and
elim in ates any shari ng and because
14
homework and tests are
through an access
code, it eliminates any
ability to opt out.
E) Sarina Harpet, a
19-year-old student at
Virginia Tech, was
faced with a tough dilemma
when she first
started college in 2015— pay
rent or pay to
turn in her
chemistry homework. She told
BuzzFeed News
that her freshman chemistry
class required her
to use Connect, a system
provided by McGraw
Hill where students can
submit homework, take
exams and track
their grades. But the code to access the
program cost $$ 120—a big sum for Harper,
who had already put down $$ 450 for
textbooks, and had rent day approachi
ng.
F) She decided to wait for her n ext work-
study
paycheck, which was typically $$ 150- $$
200, to
pay for the code. She knew that her
chemistry
grade may take a dive as a result.
ncing act,
access codes now?
two
assignments for chemistry, which started
15
her out in the class with a
faili ng grade.
G) The access codes may be
another financial
headache for students, but
for textbook bus in
esses, they're the future.
McGraw Hill, which
con trols 21% of the higher
educati on market,
reported in March that its
digital content sales
exceeded print sales for
the first time in 2015.
The company said that
45% of its $$ 140 million
revenue in 2015
products.
H) A Pears on spokespers on told
BuzzFeed News
that
a good
investment
audio texts, personalized knowledge
checks
and expert videos. Its digital course
materials
save stude nts up to 60% compared to
traditi
onal prin ted textbooks, the
did
n't compa ny added. McGraw Hill
respond to a
request for comment, but its CEO
16
David Lev in told the Finan cial
Times in August
that
textbook is now
over.
I) The textbook industry insists the
online systems
represe nt a better deal for
stude nts.
digital products
mecha ni sms
for
aren't just
stude nts to submit
homework, they offer all kinds of
features,
David Anderson, the executive
director of
higher education with the
Association of
American Publishers, told
BuzzFeed News.
helps students understand in a
way that you
can't do with print homework
assig nmen ts.
J) David Hunt, an associate
professor in sociology
at Augusta University,
which has rolled out
digital textbooks across
its math and
psychology departme nts, told
BuzzFeed News
that he un dersta nds the
utility of using
systems that require access
codes. But he
does n't require his stude nts
to buy access to
a learning program that
controls the class
17
assignments.
inexpensive as
possible,
free digital textbooks for his
classes but desig
ns his own curriculum.
may make my life a lot easier but I feel like
「m
givi ng up con trol. The discussi ons are
the
things where my expertise can ben efit the
stude nts most.
A 20-year-old junior at
Georgia Southern
University told BuzzFeed News
that she no
rmally spe nds $$ 500-$$ 600 on
access codes
for class. In one case, the
professor did n't
18
K)
require students to buy a textbook, just an
accesscode to turn in homework. This year
she said she spe nt $$ 900 on access codes to
books and programs.
t,
a traditional
textbook you can sell it for $$ 30 -
$$ 50 and
that helps to pay for your new
semester's
books. With an access code you're
out of that
mon ey.
L) Benjamin Wolvert on, a 19-year-old
stude nt at
the University of South Carolina,
told BuzzFeed
News that
of thousands in
tuition we have to pay for all
these access
codes to do our homework.
of the access code;
he's purchased have bee n
required simply to
complete homework or
quizzes.
class.
pay ing so much money for
someth ing that hardly affects your
grade——but if you did n't
have it, it would
19
affect your
grades eno ugh. It would be bad to
start out
at a B or C.
$$ 500 on access codes for digital
books and
programs this semester.
M)
Harper, a poultry (家禽)scienee major, is tak ing
chemistry aga in this year and had to buy a
new
access code to hand in her homework. She
rented her economics and statistics textbooks
for about $$ 20 each. But her access codes for
homework, which can't be ren ted or bought sec
on d-ha nd, were her most expe nsive
purchases: $$ 120 and $$ 85.
N) She still
remembers the sting of her first
experienee
skipping an assignment due to the
high prices.
assig nment policy,
you just miss it. I
just got zeros on a couple of
first assig nmen
ts. I man aged to pull everything
20
back up. But as a scared freshman
looking at
their grades, it's not fun.
36.
A student's yearly expenses on accesscodes
37.
The on li ne access codes may be see n as a
38. If a student takes a course again, they
may
39. McGraw Hill accounts for over one-
fifth of the
40. Many traditional textbook
publishers are now
41. One student complained
that they now had to
42. Digital materials can
cost students less than half
may amo unt
to their rent for two mon ths.
way to tie the
students to the digital system.
have to buy a
new access code to submit their
assig nmen ts.
market share of college textbooks.
offering online digital products, which they
believe will be the future of the publish ing
bus
in ess.
pay for access codes in
addition to the high tuiti
on.
the price
of traditional printed books
accordi ng to a
publisher.
21
43. One student
decided not to buy her access
code until she
received the pay for her
part-time job.
44. Online systems may deprive teachers of
opportunities to make the best use of their
expertise for their stude nts.
45. Digital
access codes are criticized because they
are
profit-driven just like the textbook bus in
on C
Directi ons: There are 2 passages in this
secti on. E
ach passage is followed by some
questi ons or
unfini shed stateme nts. For
each of them th ere
are four choices marked
A), B), C) and D). You
should decide on the
best choice and mark the
corresp onding letter
on An swer Shee t2 with a
si ngle line through
the cen tre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and
50 are based on the following
passage.
Passage One
Questi ons 46 to 50 are based
on the follow ing
passage.
22
Los ing your ability to think and
remember is
pretty scary. We know the risk of
dementia (痴呆
症)in creases with age. But if you
have memory
slips, you probably needn't worry.
There are pretty
clear differences between sig
ns of deme ntia and
age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it's quite comm on to have
trouble remembering the names of people,
places
and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk
Daffner of Brigham
and Wome n's Hospital in
Bost on.
The brain ages just like the rest of
the body.
Certain parts shrink, especially
areas in the brain
that are important to
learning, memory and pla
nning. Chan ges in
brain cells can affect comm uni
cati on betwee
n differe nt regi ons of the brain. And
blood
flow can be reduced as blood vessels n
arrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite
movie, for example, is nothing to worry about.
But if
23
you forget the
plot of the movie or don't remember
even
seeing it, that's far more concerning, Daffner
says.
Whe n you forget en tire experie
nces, he
says, that's
may be
involved.
familiar object like a microwave
oven, or forgetting
how to drive to the house
of a friend you've visited
many times before
can also be sig ns of someth ing
going wrong.
But eve n the n, Daffner says, people should
n't panic. There are many thi ngs that can
cause
confusion and memory loss, including
health
problems like temporary stoppage of
breathing
during sleep, high blood pressure,
or depression, as
well as medications (药物)like
an tidepressa nts.
You don't have to
figure this out on your own.
24
Daffner suggests going to your
doctor to check on
medications, health
problems and other issues that
could be affect
ing memory. And the best defense
against
memory loss is to try to prevent it by
building up your brain's cognitive
(认知的
)
reserve, Daffner says.
hobbies or activities that force one to
think in no vel
ways,
busy and work ing.
And also get physically active,
because
exercise is a known brain booster.
46. Why
does the author say that one n eed n't be
concerned about memory slips?
A. Not all
of them are symptoms of deme ntia.
B. They
occur only among certain groups of
people.
C. Not all of them are related to on e's age.
D. They are quite comm on among fifty-year-
olds.
47. What happe ns as we become aged
accord ing
25
to the
passage?
A. Our interaction skills
deteriorate.
B. Some parts of our brain stop
fun cti oning.
C. Comm un icatio n within our
brain weake ns.
D. Our whole brain starts shri
nking.
48. Which memory-related symptom should
people
take seriously?
A. Totally
forgetting how to do one's daily
routi nes.
B. ln ability to recall details of on e's life
experie nces.
C. Failure to remember the
names of movies or
actors.
D. Occasi on
ally confusing the addresses of on e's
frie
nds.
49. What should people do when sig ns of
serious
memory loss show up?
A. Check the
brai n's cog nitive reserve.
B. Stop medicati
ons affect ing memory.
26
C. Tur n to a professi onal for assista nee.
D. Exercise to improve their well-bei ng.
is Dr. Daffner's advice for combating
memory
loss?
A. Hav ing regular physical and men tal
checkups.
B. Tak ing medic ine that helps
boost on e's brain.
C. En gagi ng in known
memory repair activities.
D. Stay ing active
both physically and
men e Two
Passage Two
Questi ons 51 to 55 are based on the follow
ing pa
ssage.
A letter written by Charles
Darwin in 1875 has
bee n retur ned to the
Smiths onian In stituti on
Archives (档案馆)by
the FBI after being stolen
twice.
in
g,
In situti on Archives.
likely take n by
an in tern (实习
2
生),from
what the FBI is telling us. Word got out
that
it was miss ing whe n some one asked to see
the letter for research purposes,
the
letter back.
in once no body was watchi ng
it.
Decades passed. Fin ally, the FBI received
a
tip that the stolen document was located
very close
to Washi ngton, D.C. Their art
crime team
recovered the letter but were
unable to press
charges because the time of
limitations had ended.
The FBI worked closely
with the
Archives to determine that the letter
was both authe
ntic and defi nitely Smiths
onian's property.
The letter was writte n by
Darwin to tha nk an
America n geologist, Dr.
Ferdi nand Van deveer
Hayden, for sending him
copies of his research into
the geology of the
region that would become
Yellowst one Nati
onal Park.
The letter is in fairly good
condition, in spite of
being out of the care
of trained museum staff for so
long.
28
to be able to un
fold it. It has some glue on it that
has
colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent
us from using it. After it is repaired, we
will take
digital photos of it and that will
be available online.
One of our goals is to
get items of high research
value or in terest
to the public on li ne.
It would now be
difficult for an in tern, visitor or a
thief
to steal a document like this.
practices have
cha nged greatly si nee the 1970s,
says
Kapsalis,
nts in a safe that I don't eve n
have access to.
51. What happened to Darwin's
letter in the
1970s?
A. It was recovered
by the FBI.
B. lt was stole n more tha n on
ce.
C. lt was put in the archives for research
purposes.
D. It was purchased by the
Smiths onian
Archives.
52. What did the
FBI do after the recovery of the
29
letter?
A. They proved its
authe nticity.
B. They kept it in a special
safe.
C. They arrested the suspect
immediately.
D. They pressed crim inal charges
in vain.
53. What is Darwi n's letter about?
A. The evoluti on of Yellowst one Nati onal
Park.
B. His cooperation with an American
geologist.
C. Some geological evidenee
supporting
theory.
D. His ack no wledgeme
nt of help from a
professi on al.
54. What
will the Smiths onian
Kapsalis?
A. Reserve
it for research purposes on ly.
In stituti on
Archives do with the letter according to
his
30
B. Turn it
into an object of high interest.
C. Keep it a
perma nent secret.
D. Make it available on li
ne.
55. What has the past half century
witnessed
accordi ng to Kapsalis?
A. Growi
ng in terest in rare art objects.
B. Radical
cha nges in archiv ing practices.
C. Recovery
of various miss ing docume nts.
D. ln creases
in the value of museum exhibits.
Part IV Tran
slation (30 mi nutes)
Directi ons: For this
part, you are allowed 30m inu
tes to tran
slate a passage from Chin ese
Sheet 2.
过去,乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以 想
象的。如今,随着经济的发展和生活水平的提
高,
越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工
人员都
能乘飞机出行。他们可以乘飞机到达所有
大城市,
还有很多城市也在筹建机场。航空服务
不断改进,
而且经常会有廉价机票。近年来,节 假日期间选择
乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增
加。
into
En glish. You should write your an
swer on An swer
3
3
2
憋屈是什么意思-五云
倩的组词-狐狸和山羊的故事
褒怎么读-好高骛远的例子
accusation-马格努斯效应
p大写-沧开头的成语
absolute-phenom
小节是什么意思-cough什么意思
孔雀英文-迨怎么读
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