小学英语语法学习

小学英语语法学习

一、名词复数规则
语法要点：
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,
bag-bags, cat- cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,
box-boxes, brush- brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再
加-es，如：family-families,
strawberry- strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再
加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men,
policeman-policemen,
policewoman- policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people- people, Chinese-Chinese,
Japanese-Japanese
习题练习：
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this
___________her ______
woman- women,

watch _______child _______photo
________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______
dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______
strawberry _____
thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______
sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______
juice___________
water________
rice__________ tea__________
二、一般现在时
语法要点：
A 一般现在时的功能：
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky
is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at
six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around
the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
B 一般现在时的构成：
milk________

1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am
a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We
study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词
后加或。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛
丽喜欢汉语。
C一般现在时的变化：
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
如：-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词
原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用
doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词

原形+其它。如：
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does
构成一般疑问句。如：
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：How does your father go to work?
D 动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,
milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：
guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,
go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再
加-es，如：study-studies
习题练习：
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________
make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______

carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______
fly ________
study_______
do_________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at
home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in
Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on
Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World
Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do)
on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read)
newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on
Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk
brush________

together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the
bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby
carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your
homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from
Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in
the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have)
eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today?
－ It’s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为
否定句)

_____ ___________________________________
___________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般
疑问句，作否定回答)

______________ __________________________
________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定
回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改
为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________
__ _________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否
定句)

__________________ ______________________
_______________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定
句)

_______________________________ _________
___________
7. She is always a good student.(改为一般
疑问句，作否定回答)

___ _____________________________________
_________ _______
8. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改
为否定句)

__________________ ______________________
___________
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在
横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English?
__________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?
__________________
3. He likes play games after class.
__________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.

__________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays.
_________________
三、现在进行时
语法要点：
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的< br>动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶
段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词
ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到
句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词
ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?
6．动词加ing的变化规则
（1）．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：
cook-cooking
（2）．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，

如：make-making, taste-tasting
（3）．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个
辅音字母，双 写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，
如：run-running, stop-stopping
习题练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim
_________make__________
go_________
write________ _ski___________
read________
put_________
live_______
stop_________
have_________
see________
take_________
sit
sing
buy
come
________ dance_________
_________ love____________
________ get_________
________
begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
boy __________________
( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________
like________

( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________
( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have)
an English lesson .
____________(not ,water) the
flowers now.
! the girls
________________(dance )in the classroom .
is our granddaughter doing?
She _________(listen ) to music.
9.

10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes?
Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改
成一般疑问句和否定句)
< br>________________________________________
It’ s 5 o’clock now. We
_____________(have)supper now

_____________________

_ _______________________________________
_______ ______________
2．The students are cleaning the
classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回
答)

________________________________________
__ _______________________

______________ __________________________
____________________ _____
3．I’m playing the football in the
playground .(对划线部分进行提问)

__________ ______________________________
________________ _________
4．Tom is reading books in his study .
(对划线部分进行提问)

______________ __________________________

_____________ ____________
四、将来时
语法要点：
一、概念：表示将要 发生的动作或存在的
状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有
以下时间状语：tomorr ow, next day(week,
month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow
（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；
②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l
后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this
afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic
this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，
some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing
this weekend. → Are you going to go on an
outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般
将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New
York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My
father is going to watch a race with me this
afternoon. →What is your father going
to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s
going to go to bed at nine. →When is she
going
to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow
（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
习题练习：
A 填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a
picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my
friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去
打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________
_________ _________ next Monday? I _______
______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday?
I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要
去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________
go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______
________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________
__________ meet?
B 改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否
定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.

6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.

（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up
at 6:30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop
at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after
school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________
________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to
see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a
play the day after tomorrow.
C 用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We
___________________ (have) a picnic this
afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go)
to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to

school on foot. But today is rain. He
______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at
weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV
and ___________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she
_________ (do) this weekend?
TV
She
and ______________ (watch)
_____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last
Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a
farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday?
I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her
grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in
the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a
puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my
study now.
五、一般过去时

语法要点：
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动
作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连
用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的
动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。
（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were
not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、
疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在wa s
或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were
调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim
didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的
动词过去式变回原形。
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词
原形？

如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去
式？
如：Who went to home yesterday?
4．动词过去式变化规则：
（1）．一般在动词末尾加- ed，如：
pull-pulled, cook-cooked
（2）．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
（3）．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅
音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，
再加- ed，如：stop-stopped
（4）．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y
为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
（5）．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw,
say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,
come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take- took,
run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made,
read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew,
drink- drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke,
sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
习题练习:

A 写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________
plant________ are ________
drink_________
go________ make ________
does_________
worry________ ask _____
taste_________
draw________ put ______
throw________
pass_______ do ________
B动词的过去时练习（1）
一、 用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a
moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old
last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate
yesterday.
fly_______
play_______
dance________
eat__________
kick_________

7. There ________ some milk in the
fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the
sofa yesterday evening.
二、 句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否
________
一
____
肯
__
2. All the students were very excited.
否
________
一
____
定句：
_____________________________ ___________
般疑问句：
__________________________ ______________
、否定回答：
______________________ __________________
定句：
_____________________ ___________________
般疑问句：
__________________ ______________________

肯
__
、 否定回答：
________________________________________< br> 3. They were in his pocket.
否
________
一
____
肯
__
C 动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other
last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good
friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old
定句：
_ _______________________________________
般疑问句：________________________________________
、否定回 答：
________________________________________