小学英语语法入门(一)

小学英语语法入门（一）
接数字要大写首字母的单词
有些单词接数字时必须 大写首字母，并且数字的首字母也要大写，这样的单词有lesson、grade、class、team、< br>row、number等。如Lesson One第一课，Class Two, Grade Three三年级二班，Team Four第四组，Number
Five第五号。但是它们不接数字时不大写首字母。
Be动词的一般用法
be动词包括am、is、are,其用法如下：
1. am只用于I的后面，如：I am a girl. I am ten.
2. is只用于sheheit或其他单数第三人称后面，如： It is a big apple.
A girl is in a bus.(a girl 一个女孩，单独一个人是单数第三人称)
Mike is in Team Three.(Mike一个人名是单数第三人称)
An apple is in a box.(an apple一个苹果，一个东西是单数第三人称)
A book is in a desk.(a book 一本书，也是单数第三人称)
3. are只用于you、we、they或复数人称后面。如：
You are Number Thirteen.
They are in Grade Nine.
We are at home.
Mike and a girl are in a bus. (Mike and a girl Mike和一个女孩 两个人是复数人称)
Six boys are in Team Six.（Six boys六个男孩，多于两个人也是复数人称）
A book and a box are on a desk.（A book and a box一本书和一个盒子，两个物是复数人称）
Three pencils are in the pencil-box.（Three pencils三支铅笔，多于两个物也是复数人称）
如何变一般疑问句（一）
1. 提前原句中的be动词is、are，Be动词首字母要大写 ，原句首字母恢复小写，照抄剩余部分，然后加问
号。
e.g. 1. Tom is in Grade One. Is Tom in Grade One? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
2. This is an egg. Is this an egg? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.(an egg是物，所以用it来回答)
．．．．．．．
3. That is Rose. Is that Rose? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.（Rose是女孩，所以用she回答）
．．．．．．．
4. This is Tom. Is this Tom? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.（Tom是男孩，所以用he回答）
．．．．．
5. They are in Class Nine. Are they in Class Nine? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
6. A cat and a dog are on the floor. Are a cat and a dog on the floor? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
7. Many birds are flying in the sky. Are many birds flying in the sky? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
2. 提前情态动词can
e.g. 1. She can spell clock. Can she spell clock? Yes, she can. No, she can’t.
2. Max can say the numbers. Can Max say the numbers? Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
3. They can speak very good English. Can they speak very good English? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.
练习：变一般疑问句并作两种回答
1. Eve is in a bus. 2. This is an orange.
3. That is Mrs Zhang. 4. This is Mr Hu.
5. Kate can ride a bike. 6. Tom and a girl are in the classroom.
7. They are Japanese. 8. Lucy and Lily can speak Chinese.
如何变特殊疑问句（一）
变特殊疑问句一般分三步：
第一步：根据划线部分确定疑问词。
第二步：将原句变成一般疑问句。
第三步：去掉划线部分，并加问号。
三步当中以第一步最难确定，现总结如下：

1. 对姓名提问用What
e.g. 1. His name is Max. What’s What is his name?
2. Her name is Rose. What’s What is her name?
2. 对物提问用What
e.g. 1. It is a banana. What’s What is it?
2. This is a pear. What’s What is this?
3. That is a chick. What’s What is that?
3. 对年级提问用What grade
e.g. 1. Tom is in Grade Six. What grade is Tom in?
2. She is in Grade Nine. What grade is she in?
练习：变特殊疑问句
1. That is a bag.
2. His name is Sam.
3. This is a blackboard.
4. Amy is in Grade Eight.
5. He is in Grade Seven.
如何变一般疑问句（二）
变一般疑问句，所涉及的所有第一人称都要改成第二人称（特殊除外）。即：I(me) you,
we(us) you, am are, my your, mine yours.
e.g. 1. I am Number Six. Are you Number Six? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
．．．．．．．．．．
2. We are in Team Four. Are you in Team Four? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
．．．．．．．
3. This is my classroom. Is this your classroom? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
．．．．．．
练习：变一般疑问句
1. We are in the same grade.
2. I am in Class Six. 3. That is my sister.
如何变特殊疑问句（二）
1. 对班级提问用What class
e.g. 1. Tom is in Class One, Grade Two. What class is Tom in?
2. I am in Class Six, Grade Three. What class are you in?
3. We are in Class Four, Grade Six. What class are you in?
2. 对组、队提问用What team
e.g. 1. I am in Team Nine. What team are you in?
2. We are in Team Ten. What team are you in?
3. Lingling is in Team Eleven. What team is Lingling in?
3. 对姓名提问用What
e.g. My name is Jack. What is your name?
．．．．．．
练习：变特殊疑问句
1. Daming is in Team Twelve. 2. I’m in Class Six, Grade Nine.
3. We are in Team Five. 4. My name is Ms Smart.
选择疑问句
选择疑问句是由
一般疑问句
+or+
其他
构成的供选择的句子。
e.g. 1. Is this a pen or a pencil? It’s a pen.
2. Are you English or American? I’m an American.
1
选择疑问句or前面的单词要读声调，or后面的要读降调。○
2
选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答，(注意：○
只能在or前后选择。)
练习：将下列句子与所给成分合并为选择疑问句并适当回答

1. Are you in Class One?(Class Two) 2. Can you speak Chinese?(Japanese)
3. Do you like playing basketball?(football) 4. Would you like some milk?(some juice)
5. Is he Tom?(Sam)
如何变特殊疑问句（三）
1.对人提问用Who(一句话中有单词na me，划线的一定是人名，疑问词就要用What；如果没有单词name，
则划线的一定是人。)
e.g. 1. She is Kate. Who is she?
2. Her name is Kate. What is her name?
3. This boy is Jim. Who is this boy?
4. His name is Jim. What is his name?
5. That woman is Ms Smart. Who is that woman?
6. Her name is Ms Smart. What is her name?
2.对年龄提问用How old
e.g. 1. She is nine. How old is she?
2. Eve is ten. How old is Eve?
3.对排、行提问用What row
e.g. 1. Mike is in Row Nine. What row is Mike in?
2. He is in Row Five. What row is he in?
3. I’m in Row Four. What row are you in?
4. 对地点提问用Where
e.g. 1. Mike is on the hill. Where is Mike?
2. The cat is in the box. Where is the cat?
3. A pear is on the chair. Where is the pear?(上句出现a，下句用the特指)
．．．．
练习：变特殊疑问句
1. Coy is in a bus. 2. Laura is in Row Five.
3. Rose is twelve. 4. The girl is Lucy.
5. I am at school. 6. That man is Mr Hu.
7. I’m twenty. 8. A woman is in the room.
9. Her name is Lucy. 10. I am Mr Wang.
英语中的打电话
英语中的打电话，通常是接电话者自报号码，如Hello, 89321204. 我是XXX，不说I’m …，而说This
is … 。你是XXX吗？不用Are you…？而说Is that…？ 你是谁？不用Who are you? 而说Who’s that?
人名+’s的用法（一）
1. 人名+’s是人名与is的缩写,表示XXX是……。
e.g. 1. Tom’s at home. (Tom是在家)
2. Kate’s in a bus.（Kate是在公共汽车上）
2. 人名+’s是名词所有格，表示XXX的。
e.g. 1. Mike’s pen is in the pencil-box. （Mike的钢笔是在文具盒里）
2. Coy’s home is in England.（Coy的家是在England）
练习：翻译下列句子
1. Tom’s dad is at home. 2. Jim’s at home today.
3. I’m Jim’s dad. 4. Eve’s on a hill.