二年级竖式计算题100道-lucrative
句子:简单句(主谓宾、主系表)、复杂句(并列句、复合句)
复合句:包含从句的句子
从句:定语从句(Adj.
clause)、名词性从句(Noun. clause)、状语从句(Adv. clause)
名词性从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
定语从句:
当一个句子作定语时,这个句子就叫定语从句
位置:被修饰词后
引导词:
关系代词:that, which, who, whose,
whom(代指一个名词,在从句中作主语或宾语)
关系副词:where, when, how,
why(代指一个介词短语,在从句中作状语)
1、The girl who wears a
red dress is my sister. (who代指the girl, 作从句主语)
2、I like the book that I borrowed from you.
(that代指the book,作从句宾语)
3、I like the book whose
cover is blue.(whose cover代指the book’s cover,
作从句主语)
4、She is the girl with whom I want to
travel. (whom代指the girl,作从句宾语)
5、This is the
place where we met for the first time. (where=in
which代指in the place,作状语)
主句:This is the place.
从句:We met for the first time in the place. ---we
met for the first time
in which--- in which we
met for the first time (in which=where)
区别:This is the place that I want you to see.
(主句:This is the place. 从句:I want you to see the
place. 代指the place 用that)
6、Vocation is a
period of time whenin which we can enjoy
ourselves.
主句:Vocation is a period of time.
从句: We can enjoy ourselves in the period of time.
Vocation is a period of time that I can not
forget.
7. This is the reason why I love you.
(why=for which)
This is the reason. I love
you for the reason.
8. This is the way how I
helped her. (how=in which)
关系副词(where,
when, how, why)=介词+which
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别:
I like sports, which
can help me keep fit.(我喜欢运动,它能帮我保持身材。)
I like
sports which can help me keep fit.
(我喜欢那些能帮我保持身材的运动。)
限定性定语从句:没逗号,表示限定修饰,翻译成汉语时,要
把从句翻译到被修饰词前,那
个……的;那些……的某物
非限定定语从句:有逗号,表示补充,汉英语序一致
例如:Students who
have studied hard passed the exam. 那些学习努力的学生通过了考试。
Students, who have studied hard passed the
exam. 学生都很努力,他们都通过了考试。
名词性从句:
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
引导词:wh全套,that
Whatthat区别:what强调内容、东西,在从句中一
般代指主语或宾语;that不强调任何内
容,不作任何成分,没有任何实际含义
What
my mother bought is my favorite. (主语从句)
I like what my mother bought.(宾语从句)
This is what my mother bought.(表语从句)
主语从句:
What my mother bought is my favorite.
WhereWhenWhyHowWhether the meeting will be
held is unknown.
Who will be the class
president is unknown.
That引导的主语从句,通常用it作
形式主语,把真正主语放在后面。(that在此句中不作任
何成分,没有任何实际含义,只起到引导的
作用,但不能省略)
1. It is +动词过去分词+that从句
It is
said that he has a beautiful girlfriend.(That he
has a beautiful girlfriend is said. 头重脚轻)
It
is reported that…
It is suggested that…
It
is commonly believed that…
2. It is
+形容词+that从句(从句谓语通常用(should+)动词原型)
It is
important that I (should) read English every day.
It is necessary that I get up early every day.
3. It is +名词+that从句
It is my pleasure that
I can help you.
It is my honor that I can
stand here and give you a speech.
4.
It+不及物动词+that从句
It seemsappears that… 似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
宾语从句注意事项:
1.
当宾语从句引导词是that时,that可以省掉,比如:I think (that) she is b
eautiful.但是当
that引导多个宾语从句并列时,只有第一个从句的that可以省,后面
从句的that不能省。
比如:He insists (that) he is in good
health and that he should be sent to work in
Tibet.
2. 当主句谓语动词是命令、请求、要求、建议(insist,
suggest, require, order,
recommend),
从句谓语要用(should)+动词原型。My mother
suggests that I (should) read English every
day. (suggest:建议;表明,作建议讲时,符合该条款;作表明讲时,谓语不需要遵从该
条款;insist:坚持说;坚持要求做:作坚持要求做某事时,符合该条款;作坚持说讲,
不需要遵从该条款)
3. 从句和主句通常要保持时态一致,客观真理除外。
例如:My
mother said that I was a good child.
My
mother said that the earth travels around the sun.
4. 否定转移:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, guess,
suppose等词时, 从句的否定要转移
到主句。例如:I think that she is
beautiful. ---I don’t think she is beautiful.
5. 当从whether和if当中选一个表示是否的词时,直接选whether
6.
当引导词是疑问词时,从句语序是疑问词+陈述句语序
表语从句注意事项:
当引导词是that时,千万记得不要漏掉。
The fact is that the
most beautiful girl in my class does not have a
boyfriend.
同位语从句:(引导词只有that,没有实际含义,不作任何成分,不能替换不能省略)
能跟同位语从句的词:advice, suggestion, fact, news,
message, conclusion, idea, opinion…
The news
that I passed the test made me happy. (同位语从句)
The news (that) you told me made me happy.
(定语从句)
That引导同位语从句和定语从句异同点:
同:都跟在名词后
不
同:同位语从句=前面名词的内容,定语从句只对前面名词起到修饰作用。在定语从句中,
that通常
代指一个名词,,有时可用which代替,在从句中作宾语或主语,作从句宾语时,
可以省略;在同位
语从句中,that没有实际含义,不作任何成分,不能替换不能省略。
状语从句: 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从
句、让步
状语从句、条件状语从句……
注意事项:
1、
状语从句只是整个主句的状语部分,不能和主句分开。
2、
当状语从句前置时,通常在主句和从句见加逗号;当状语后置,主句和从句之间通常不
加标点。
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