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英语语法补充

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-21 04:50
tags:英语语法学习

单列向心推力球轴承-dress的复数

2020年10月21日发(作者:彭飞)


主谓一致:
1. The whole village is having a meeting now.
2. The whole town was discussing the news then.
3. The entire city is celebrating the victory of the team now.
4. The whole world is waiting for the result of the talks anxiously now.
5. The Chinese are a peace-loving people.
6. The Burmese live in Asia.
7. The English are rather conservative.
8. Her kindred were present at her funeral.
9. The militia have been fighting against the invaders for five years.
10. The police are searching the house for heroin now.
11. The posse have been pursuing the robber for an hour already.
12. The chorus are rather poor.
13. The clergy arewere against the plan.
14. The nobility are for the reform.
15. The rabble in that country live a dog’s life.
16. The laity don’t understand some words of doctors.
17. Half of the food was wastedhas been wasted.
18. Half of the apples are bad.
19. The rest of the money is yours.
20. Some books are in Chinese, the rest are in English.
21. The greater part of the land has been cultivated.
22. The greater part of the oranges are rotten.
23. Thirty percent of the work has been done.
24. Thirty percent of the boys are absent today.
25. Rabies is a dangerous disease.
26. Measles takes a long time to get over.
27. Rickets is a children’s disease.
28. Mumps is very common among small children.
29. Darts is one of my favorite games.
30. Marbles is played by children,
31. Billiards is played by women as well as men.
32. Niagara Falls is receding now.
33. The Falls are almost dry in August.
34. His wages are high.
35. The wages of the sin is death.
36. Six times one is six.
37. Three times five isare fifteen.
38. Many a teacher is interested in computer.
39. More than one student is absent.
40. More students than one are late today.
41. This is one of the cars that were damaged in the accident.
42. A number of workers are out of work..
43. The number of workers is small.


44. The majority of the students work hard.
45. The majority isare for the plan.
46. Only a minority isare wanting the war to continue.
47. The minority of the pupils have come already.
48. The cattle are shedded over there.
49. The poultry are kept in the back of the yard.
50. Poultry is cheap now.
51. The landed gentry are against the reform.
52. The board is about to issue the disciplines.
53. The board are of the opinion that investment should be enlarged.
54. The audience is very dig.
55. The audience are required to be in their seats at 8 o’clock.
56. The company has enough assets.
57. The company are enjoying z big feast now.
58. The council has several members.
59. The council have taken their seats already.
60. The firm is be in the black.
61. the firm are busy working now.
62. The jury is fair.
63. The jury were divided about the verdict.
64. The committee has 5 members.
65. The committee are debating the question now.
66. The aged need help from society.
67. The living are more important than the dead.
68. The old are taken care of by the family.
69. The young are thirsty for knowledge.
70. The rich live a luxurious life.
71. The poor live below the poverty line.
72. The evil that men do lives after them.
73. The new is more attractive to people.
74. My contact lenses are on the desk.
75. A pair of contact lenses is rather expensive.
76. Mathematics is a subject studied in nearly every school.
77. Her mathematics are rather weak.
78. Acoustics is taught by Pro. Li.
79. The acoustics of the hall are excellent.
80. Politics is more difficult than physics.
81. What are your politics?
82. Statistics is a modern branch of mathematics.
83. Statistics show that more boys than girls are at school.




英语习惯用法(固定搭配):
She tricked me _____ that she was honest. (into thinking)
He fooled the girl _____ that he was rich. (into believing)
Jack lied Jane _____ him. (into marrying)
Don’t kid children _____ such a thing! (into doing)
The girl charmed her father _____ her a fur-coat. (into buying)
The bandit frightened the cashier _____ the safe. (into opening)
The sudden question of the judge surprised the murder _____ the truth. (into telling)
Let’s drag them _____ with us. (into going)
We shamed him _____ “sorry”. (into saying)
We’ll try to argue him _____ it up. (into giving)
He finally talked his father _____. (into retiring)
Don’t let her mislead you _____ in her. (into believing)


强调句:
It’s a wise man _____ never makes mistakes. (that)
It’s an ill wind _____ blows nobody good. (that)
It’s a good horse _____ never stumbles. (that)


表被动意义:
Your pants need _____. (mending)(to be mended)
My watch needs _____. (repairing)
The wall wants _____. (whitewashing)
You are _____. (to blame)
The book is worth _____. (buying)
He is worthy _____ his place. (to take)

常见的要求跟动名词作宾语的动词有:
admit承认 anticipate期望 appreciate欣赏 avoid避免 delay耽搁 deny否认 detest厌恶
dislike讨厌 dread害怕 enjoy喜欢 escape逃避 excuse原谅 fancy想象 finish完成
forbid禁止 forgive宽恕 imagine想象 involve涉及 keep保留 mind在意 miss错过
pardon原谅 permit允许 postpone拖延 practice练习 prevent防止 propose建议
recollect回忆 resent厌恶 resist抵制 risk冒险 save挽救 suggest建议 understand理解


时态语态及习惯用法:
I am going to _____ the meeting. (address)
Some animals _____ the forest. (inhabit)
Have you _____ the club? (joined)
Mr. Green has _____ Jane. (married)
Mr. Black _____ Mary. (divorced)
Does this _____ your needs? (meet)


The Chinese football team will _____ the Japanese team. (play)
The enemy troop _____ defeat. (suffered)
We must _____ the people heart and soul. (serve)
Some people _____ the earthquake. (survived)


Mr. White has _____ the old car. (disposed of)
They often _____ the internal affairs of other countries. (interfere in)
Let’s _____ a dictionary for the spelling of the word. (refer to)
Please ____ my question. (respond to)
Jack failed to _____ her question. (reply to)
Who will _____ the throne? (succeed to)
Do you _____ the poor old man? (sympathize with)
She _____ his rudeness to me. (complained about)


The students are able _____ the work well. (to do)
The old lady is still capable _____ herself. (of taking care of)
The girl is shy _____ before strangers. (of singing)
The students is backward _____ compositions. (in writing)
You are correct _____ such an action. (in taking)
The leather coat is effective _____ warm. (in keeping)
They are due _____ this year, (to graduate)
We are bond _____ the victory. (to win)
The old man is not fit _____ by himself. (to live)
Mary is eager _____ college. (to enter)
You are welcome _____ a trial. (to have)
The boy has the dream _____ a football star. (of becoming)
You should form a habit _____ quickly. (of reading)
She had a wish _____ the world. (to see)
I don’t doubt your ability _____ the work well. (to do)
He has a genius _____ such affairs. (for managing)
He has the competence _____ with money. (to deal)
The country has the capacity _____ any aggressors. (to defeat)
She revealed the capacity _____ Bridge. (for playing)
She has a talent _____ making friends. (for making)



倒装:

1).语法倒装:

一. 以neither, nor或 so 开头的句子或分句


They can buy the car, so can we.
He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.
She would never sing, nor would she dance.

二. 省去了If的虚拟条件状语从句
Should we want to pass the exam, we should have to study hard.
Had I known it earlier, I wouldn’t have lent him the money.
Were I you, I should not let him off lightly.

三. 由As, be,和though 引导的让步状语从句
Try as he did, he couldn’t finish the task successfully.
Bravely though they fought, they had mo chance of winning.
Be it rain or sun, we still start off.

四. 以Here, there, now, then, thus, hence等词开头
There stands a table in the middle of the room.
Here comes the bus.
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.

五. There be结构
There is a pen, a rubber and two books on the desk.

六. 疑问句


2).修辞倒装:

一. Only引导的状语放在句首时
Only in this way can we learn English well.

二. 有否定意义的词或短语放在句首作状语时,常见的词有:Hardly, little, never, not until,
rarely, seldom等, 短语有in no way, at no time, in no case, by no means, under no circumstances
等以及部分关联词:hardly…when.., no sooner…than…等
Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense!
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.

三. 由并列连接词Not only…but also…, neither…nor…等连接的句子,如果not only, neither放
在句首,也要引起部分倒装
Not only did he teach school, but he wrote novels.

四. 当从属连词So…that和such…that中的so和such 位于句首时
Such was the earthquake that the city was destroyed.

五. 连词As或than引导的状语从句中


He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.

六. “The加比较级, the加比较级”结构中
The thicker is the wire, the smaller is the resistance.

七. 表示方位的副词In, out, away, off, down, up等位于句首时
Up went the rocket into the air.
Down jumped the thief from the house.

八. 为了强调句中的状语时
Well do I remember the day when it happened.

九. 表示地点的介词短语在句中充当状语时
Round the corner walked a large policeman.
To the north of the city lies a small island.

十. 情态动词May放在句首
May you be happy everyday!
May God be with you!

虚拟语气
(一) if 所引导的非真实条件状语从句:
假设类型
与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实可能相

条件从句谓语动词形式
动词过去时(be用were)

Had + 过去分词

动词过去时(或should+ 动词原形或
were to + 动词原形)
主句谓语动词形式
Should (would, could, might) +
动词原形
Should (would, could, might) +
have + 过去分词
Should (would, could, might) +
动词原形

混合型虚拟条件句: (主从句时间不一致)
If I were you, I would have taken his advice.
If her husband had not been killed in the war, she would not be helping others with the housework
now.

含蓄虚拟条件句:
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示. 常用的
词或短语有:without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but 等.
Without your help, we could not have succeeded. (要是没有你的帮助)
But that the soldier caught her, the little girl would have fallen into the river. (要不是…)
Any man in his position would have done like that. (任何人处在他的位置都会那么做的)
Should you change your mind, let us know. (万一改变主意,就通知我们)



“If it were (had been) not for…”句型中的虚拟语气:
If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today. (要不是有了和平…)
If it had not been for your advice, I would not have accepted the job. (要不是你的建议…)

(二) 表命令、建议、要求、愿望等的名词性从句中的虚拟语气;(形式为:should+动词原形)
常这样用的动词有:ask要求 advise劝告 determine决定 decide决定 command命令
insist坚持 intend打算 move提议 prefer宁愿 propose提议 order命令 recommend推荐
request要求 require要求 suggest建议 urge主张 demand要求 desire渴望 direct命令
We think it advisable that he should think deeply before acting.
He gave orders that the guests should be hospitably entertained.
His proposal is that we should get rid of the bad habits.

在Expect, believe, think, susp ect等动词的否定式或疑问式后面的宾语从句中也可用虚拟,表
示惊奇,怀疑,不满等。其形式为:s hould+ 动词原形或should + have + 过去分词
I never expected that the problem should have been solved that way.

在表示感情、意愿等的That从句中也可用虚拟,常意为“竟然,居然”。其形式为(should)
+ 动词原形或should + have + 过去分词
I am glad that your story should have won the first prize.

Wish 后面所跟的宾语从句的虚拟:
表示对现在情况的虚拟:Wish + 主语 + 动词过去式或 were
表示对过去情况的虚拟:Wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词
表示对将来情况的虚拟:Wish + 主语 + would + 动词原形
I wish I knew the answers to the question.
They wish they had not lost the chance.
I wish I were a bird.
在表示对过去情况的虚拟时,有时也可用下列形式:
Wish + 主语 + would(could) + have + 过去分词
I wish I could have seen her last night.


其他句型中的虚拟语气:
1. Would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well, would prefer 等后面所跟的
从句中也可用虚拟,表示愿望,意为“宁愿,但愿”。其形式为:
主语+谓语动词过去式
+主语+ 过去分词
I’d rather we didn’t go to see a film this evening.
I’d just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.

2.It is(highabout) time(that)句型中的虚拟, 该是…的时候了
It is time (that) we went home.


3. If only 引起的感叹句中的虚拟
用过去时或wouldco uld+动词原形表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望;用过去完成时表示与
过去事实相反的愿望。
If only he were here!
If only you would listen to reason.
If only I had not been ill last week!

4. In case, lest, for fear that 等引起的虚拟
He took his coat with him in case it should rain.
She hid her jewelry for fear that it would be stolen.

5. As if 和as though引起的虚拟 (也可用陈述语气)
Werewas(或动词过去式), 表示与主句动作同时发生
主句+ As ifthough +主语+ Couldcould+动词原形, 表示动作可能在将来发生
Had+动词过去分词, 表示从句谓语动作发生在主句动作之前
She always talks to me as if she were my sister.
He walks slowly as if he had hurt his leg.
She talks about it again and again as though she would never end.

6. had hoped后面
表过去未实现的愿望,意为想要,希望”,其从句的谓语动词常用would + 动词原形
We had hoped that you would stay with us for some time.

7. 动词be, intend, mean, plan, want, hope等后面
过去式加动词不定式的完成式,表示过去想做而没有做的事;
过去完成式加动词不定式,也可表示过去想做而没有做的事。
I intended to have told him the matter, but I forgot.
I was to have come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
She had meant to see you last week, but she was ill.

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