药士-万圣节英语
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英语语法习题
目 录
第一讲
主谓一致
第二讲 名词
第三讲 代词
第四讲 动词分类
第五讲
动词时态
第六讲 被动语态
第七讲 虚拟语气
第八讲 助动词
第九讲
不定式
第十讲 V-ing形式
第十一讲 V-ed形式
第十二讲
形容词/副词
第十三讲 介词
第十四讲 连词
第十五讲 It的用法
第十六讲
定语从句
第十七讲 名词性从句
第十八讲 状语从句
第十九讲 倒装句
第一讲主谓一致
I.学习重点
从句或非谓语动词作主语时的主谓一致
表示数量的名词词组作主语时的主谓一致
由连接词连接的主语与谓语的一致
集体名词作主语时的主谓一致
“主语+withas
well as 等短语”的主谓一致
Ⅱ.重点讲解
主语和谓语的一致主要指谓语动词必须和作主语的名词或人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。
处理主谓一致关系主要遵循以下3条原则。①语法一致原则,即谓语的单、复数形式依主语
的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或是不可数名词,谓语动
<
br>词用单数。②就近一致原则,即谓语动词的人称和数要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
③意义
一致原则,即不以语法形式而从意义着眼处理一致关系,若主语形式上为复数,但
意义上是单
数,谓语动词需用单数;若主语形式上为单数,而意义上是复数,则谓语动词用
复数。
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Ⅲ、自测题
1.The
committee ______(be) unable to agree on the
policies.
2.The committee ______ (have)
decided to give the workers more financial
help.
3.Why he entered the house and how
he managed to get out of it without being seen
by people ______ (remain) a mystery to us all.
4.Three years in a strange land ______(seem)
like a long time.
5.He is one of those men
who never ______(care) how they look.
6.Law and order ______(mean) different things
to people with different political
opinions.
7.She’s the only one of these women who ______
(play) bridge well.
8.After the exams
______(be) the time to relax.
9.War and peace
______(be) a constant theme in history.
10.How
is it that your answer and your neighbour’s
______(be) identical?
11.If either of you
______(take) a vacation now,we will not be able to
finish the
work.
12.
One
third of the population ______(be) working in
factories.
13.There ______(be) a bed and two
sofas in the room.
14.What he left me
______(be) three small rooms.
15.The crowd at
the basketball game ______(be) wild with
excitement.
16
.None of the
students ______(have)finished the exam
yet.
17.A large crowd of people ______(have)
gathered under the Town Hall clock.
18.All
but he and I ______(be) going to the Exhibition.
19.Each soldier and sailor ______(be) given a
gun.
20.Attending on campus concerts ______
(be) part of the pleasure of college life.
21
.There ______(be) more than one
answer to your question.
22.A number of pages
______(be) found missing.
23.This is one of
the that ______(tell) an authentic story of World
War Two.
books
24
.The cat
with her kittens ______(be) sitting in the
sun.
25.What ______(be) your weekly wages?
26.Bacon and eggs ______(make) a hearty
breakfast for a growing boy.
27.Dancing
and skating ______(be) my chief delights.
28.Only one of the students who______(have)
read the article can answer
the question.
29
.John is the only student who
______(have) read the book.
30.The number of
secretaries in this company ______(be)never under
100.
31.Five hundred dollars ______(be)
spent yesterday.
32.It is I who ______(be)
responsible for this.
33.To visit the parks
and museums ______(be) really enjoyable.
34.Every word and phrase in this dictionary
______(be) important.
35.What he wants
______(be) a recorder and a radio.
36
.There ______(be) many a reason why this book
sells well.
37.
What caused the damage
of these cars ______(remain) unknown.
38.Two
thirds of my friends ______(have) been abroad.
39.Two thirds of the crop ______(have) been
damaged by the storm.
40.The Adventures of
Sherlock Holmes ______(have) been translated into
many
languages.
41.A thousand miles no
longer ______ much to us today,for modern jets can
easily
get us over this distance within a few
hours.
A)meant B)mean
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C)means D)will mean
42.It is reported that about two-thirds of the
factory’s property
_______ in the fire.
A)are lost B)have been lost
C)were
lost D)has been lost
tics ______ a rather
modern branch of mathematics.
A)are
B)were
C)is D)are to be
44.Every
means ______ out but never with success,as far as
my knowledge goes.
tried
A)is
B)has been
C)are D)have been
45.The woman writer and Oscar Award candidate
_______ a collection of short
stories.
A)have just turned out B)has just turned
out
C)have just been turned out D)has just
been turned out
46.The athlete,together with
his coach and several relatives,_____ to the
Olympic
Games.
A)are traveling B)is
traveling
C)were traveling D)have been
traveling
47.Not only I but also Tom and Mary
______ fond of watching television.
A)am
B)is
C)are D)have
48.The audience
_______ requested to be in their seats by
7:00.
A)have B)has
C)are
D)is
49.Your trousers ______ too long.______
to be shortened a little.
A)are;They need
B)is;It needs
C)are;It needs D)is;They
need
50.Different forms of government agency
______ different functions.
A)is
B)are
C)has D)have
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第二讲名词
I.学习重点
可数名词与不可数名词
名词的复数词尾变化形式
名词所有格
名词作定语
复合名词作定语时的数
单位词
Ⅱ.重点讲解
名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词,它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语以及后置
定语。根据其所表达的意义,名词可以分为普通名词和专有名词。普通名词包括个体名词(
<
br>如chair,student等)、集体名词(如family,people,police等)、物
质名词(如
glass,water,wool等)、抽象名词(如work,anger等)。专有名
词是表示个别人、地方、事
物、机构等所特有的名称,如China,Beijing,Mary,等。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.Let me give you______.
A)some advice B)some advices
C)an
advice D)the advice
2.I’ll have a cup of
tea and______.
A)two toasts B)two
pieces of toast
C)two piece of toasts D)two
pieces of toasts
3.______did you buy for your
new flat?
A)How many furniture’sB)How
much pieces of furniture’s
C)How much furniture
D)How many a furniture
4.Mr.Wang has recently
made______.
A)some huge fortunes from share
B)huge fortune from shares
C)huge fortunes
from share
D)a huge fortune from shares
5.The flood has done______to this
region.
A)damage B)damaging
C)damages
D)ruin
6.______are ungrounded.
A)All this
worries B)All these worries
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C)All the worry
D)All these worry
7.Is this______to achieve
success?
A)the only means B)the very two
means
C)various means D)the very mean
8.______covering it are not obtainable.
A)Accurate data B)Accurate datum
C)Accurate datums D)Datums accurate
9.He said he had met the man______.
A)at
my uncle’s room SmithB)at my uncle Smith’s
room
C)at Smith’s my uncle’s roomD)at room of
my uncle’s Smith’s
10.I want to
know______.
A)somebody else opinion
B)somebody’s else opinion
C)somebody
else’s opinion D)somebody’s else’s
opinion
11.This is a picture______.
A)of my
boy’s B)of my room’s
C)of a boy’s D)of
the boy’s room’s
12.______of Mrs.Brown’s.
A)Mary is the daughterB)This is Mary
C)Mary is a daughter D)This is Mary,the
daughter
13.I have finished ______.
A) a
day work B) oneday work
C) a day’s work
D) the work of a day
14.Julie went to
the______to buy a pair of shoes.
A)shoes store
B)shoe’s store
C)shoe store D)shoes store
15.He is a______.
A)bank president
B)president of a bank’s
C)banks president
D)president of the bank’s
16.What do you call
juice that comes from tomatoes? You call
it______?
A)tomatoes juice B)tomato
juice
C)juice of tomato D)tomatoes juice
17.The rapidity of______in a river depends on
the width of the river bed。
A)water’s
movement B)water movement
C)water
movement’s D)water’s movement’s
18.The
______was brought to completion in 1958.
A)workers stadium B)workers stadium’
C)worker’s stadium D)workers’stadium
19.I shall be back in______.
A)an hour or
two time B)an hour or two’s time
C)an
hour’s or two time D)a hour or two’s time
20.Would you compare and tell the differences
between______houses?
A)Alan and Smith’s
B)Alan and Smith
C)Alan’s and Smith’s
D)Alan’s and Smith
21.The miners escaped the
danger______.
A)by a hair breadth B)by hair
breadth
C)by hairs breadth D)by a hairs
breadth
22.She put her arm through______.
A)her brother B)brother
C)her brother’s
D)brother’s
23.The boys ate and drank______.
A)to their heart’s contents B)to their
hearts’ contents
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C)to their hearts content D)to their
hearts’ content
24.
______race
will take place at nine sharp tomorrow
morning.
A)Scott and Anderson’s B)Scott
and Anderson
C)Scott’s and Anderson’s
D)Scott’s and Anderson
25.They took Dorson’s
child to______at once by car.
A)doctor’s
B)the doctor’s
C)the doctors D)doctor
26.
______must have heard the terrible
cry from the building.
A)One of passer-bys
B)One of passers-by
C)One of the passer’bys
D)One of the passers-by
27.Though he was in
college,he was still fond of reading______.
A)stories of children B)childrens
stories
C)children stories D)children’s
stories
28.We called at______on weekend.
A)my grandmother B)my grandmother’s
C)mine grandmother D)mine grandmothers
29.We have chicken,vegetables,______for
lunch.
A)fish and mutton B)fishes and
mutton
C)fishes and muttons D)fish and
muttons
30.Very heavy______are levied on some
imported goods.
A)custom duty B)customs
duty
C)customs duties D)custom duties
31.They saw______in that room.
A)a large
amount of furniture
B)a large amount of
furnitures
C)many furnitures
D)few
furnitures
32
.They were requested to
hand in their______a month later.
A)theses
B)thesises
C)thesis D)these
33.After
four years in Canada,she got______.
A)a degree
of doctor B)the degree of a doctor
C)a
doctor’s degree D)a doctor degree
34.The
beautiful woman turned out to be______.
A)a
daughter of Mrs Green’s
B)a Mrs Green’s
daughter
C)a daughter of Mrs Green
D)the
daughter of Mrs Green
35.This is a
special______of butterflies.
A)specy
B)species
C)specys D)specis
36.
______went to the party last night.
A) Many
John friends B) Many John’s friends
C)
Many of John friends D) Many friends of
John’s
37. The room was small and contained far
too______.
A) many new furniture B) much
new furnitures
C) much new furniture D)
many new furnitures
38. We found ______in a
large iron cage in the zoo.
A) two deer
B) two heads of deer
C) a lot of deers D)
an amount of deer
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39
.The
Nazi kept those ______ in their concentration
camps.
A) prisoner-of-wars B) prisoners-of-
wars
C) prisoner-of-war D) prisoners-of-war
40. The doctor checked up both
his______hearts.
A) father-in-law’s and his
brother-in-law’s
B) father’s-in-law and his
brother’s-in-law
C) father-in-law and his
brother-in-law’s
D) father-in-laws and his
brother-in-laws
第三讲代词
I.学习重点
不定代词的用法
Ⅱ.重点讲解
代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的,它的主要作用是在句子中避免名词的重复。代词可分为
人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、关系代词、
连接代词等。我们将关系代词放在定语从句中论述,连接代词放在名词性从句中论述。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.
She has two daughters
but ______of them likes chocolates.
A)no
B)either C)neither
D)both
2.Choose______book you like from my
collection.
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A)each B)any C)some D)anyone
3.I
have had one house exactly suited me,and I can
hardly expect to find______.
that
A)another B)other C)any D)the other
4
.______of them knew about the plan
because it was secret.
A)Any B)No one
C)Some D)None
5.I have two brothers.One is
a teacher,______is a businessman.
A)another B)other one C)the other
D)other
6.______of the four roads will take
you to the library.
A)Every B)Both C)Any
D)Neither
7.They do not
accept______suggestion.
A)neither B)either
C)both D)both of
8.The teacher gave______of
the pupils a ballpen.
A)each B)every
C)some D)the other
9.A good writer
is______who can express the commonplace in an
uncommon way
A)this B)that C)one
D)which
10.The reason why we didn’t
get______people to help us in the work is that we
didnt
want to trouble anyone.
A)all
B)any C)no D)some
11.______of you shared
my opinions,so we have______in common to
discuss.
A)Few;little B)Nobody;a
little
C)A few;little D)None;many
12.Kim and Tony were not the only people in
the garden.There______.
A)were some other
ones B)were some others
C)was another
people D)was someone more
13.It is one
thing to enjoy listening to good music,but it is
quite______to perform
skillfully yourself.
A)other B)some C)another D)any
14.Two people had met the General before,but
______ recognized him.
A)either B)any
C)neither D)some
15.______of the two
winners in the composition contest was awarded a
pen.
A)Every one B)Everyone
C)Each one D)Anyone
16.The boy
took off his gloves.______had holes in the
fingers.
A)Either one B)Everyone
C)Any one D)Each one
17.I walked
into the room and______.
A)shook hands with
everybody
B)shook hand with each one
C)shook hands with each
D)shook the hand
by every body
18.Two little boys of my
brother’s called to see me and I gave an apple
to______when they sat down.
A)every one of
them B)each
C)every one
D)every
19.A few cakes were served,and he
ate______.
A)every one B)everyone
C)no
one D)anyone
20.______expressed his
determination.
A)Everyone of them B)Every
one of us
C)Nobody of them D)Any body of
you
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21. I prefer red
roses to white______,but my sister likes both
______.
A) one…one B) ones…ones
C) one…ones D) ones…
22.______the
girls came on the trip.
A) No B)
Nobody of
C) None of D) No one of
23.—
What do you think about these cakes?
— I’d
like to have ______.
A) some other B)
another
C) the other D) other
24.Alexander certainly talks a lot and he’s
never interested in what______has to
say.
A) anyone else B) nobody else
C)no
one D)somebody other
25.It goes
without saying that______ the staff of our company
can enter
these laboratories.
A)
anybody but B) but anybody
C) none but
D) everybody but
26.______of the two books
holds the opinion that the danger of a nuclear
war is increasing.
A) None B)
Either
C) Both D) Neither
27.It’s time ______about the traffic problem
downtown.
A) something was done B)
everything is done
C) anything will be done
D) nothing to be done
28.You have to hurry up
if you want to buy something because there is
hard
ly ______left.
A) everything
B) nothing
C) something D) anything
29.The managing director refused to accept
______of the four proposals made by the
contractors and demanded complete novelty.
A) either B) any
C) neither
D) none
30.Knowledge is a two-edged weapon
which can be used equally for good or
’s
now being used indifferently for ______.
A)
each B) either
C) both D) one
and the other
31.In order to be a good
mountaineer,______ and enough knowledge in geology
and
meteorology.
A) a sound body should be
obtained by one
B) it is essential to have
sound body
C) there should be a sound body
D) one should have a sound body
32.Of the
four bridges on the river ,the new one completed
last year is
longer and wider than______.
A) another B) the other
C) the
others D) one another
33.He composed a vast
amount of music,______is ever played today.
A) one of which B) little of which
C) seldom D) a few of them
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34.Tape recorders are
quite cheap in this country ,you can buy ______
for a few
pounds ,though the best ______ are
usually exported.
A)ones…one
B)one…onesC)that…one D)that…ones
35.Although
Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had
only slight vision
in______,he became an
international renowned jazz musician.
A)
the next one B)anotherC)the otherD)other one
第四讲动词分类
I.学习重点
“动词+介词”构成的短语动词
“动词+副词”构成的短语动词
“动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词
“动词+名词+
介词”构成的短语动词
“动词(+宾语)+介词+名词”构成的短语动词
“动词+名词”构成的
短语动词
Ⅱ.重点讲解
由
一个单词构成的动词叫作“单词动词”,如live,work,study,strike,come,go等
。短
语动词是以实义动词为中心词加上介词或副词等构成的多词动词。它们所表示的意义通常不
是动词和介词/ 副词各自词义的简单结合。在使用时,我们要将短语动词作为一个整体看
待。短语动词
可分为及物和不及物两种类型。此类题主要是考查短语动词的意义,所以识记
和领会短语动词的意义是学
习短语动词的关键。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.When he realized the
police had spotted him,the man_______the exit as
quickly
as possible.
A)made off B)made
for
C)made out D)made up
2.
Having decided to rent a flat,we_______contacting
all the
accommodation agencies in the city.
A)set about B)set down
C)set out
D)set up
3. The manager needs an assistant
that he can _____to take care of problems in his
absence.
A)count on B)count in
C)count up D)count out
4. There are
other problems which I don’t propose to _______at
the moment
A)go into B)go around
C)go for D)go up
5.
This
popular sports car is now being_____at the rate of
a
thousand a week.
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A)turned down B)turned out
C)turned up
D)turned on
French pianist who had been
praised very highly______to be a great
disappointment.
A)turned up B)turned in
C)turned out D)turned down
7. If you
happen to________my lost papers while you’re
looking for your book,please
let me know at
once by telephone.
A)come across B)come to
C)come up D)come over
8. Important
people have much free time as their work ____all
their time.
don’t
A)takes away
B)takes over
C)takes up D)takes in
9.
When I was very was terribly frightened of
school,but I soon______it.
young,I
A)got off B)got across
C)got away
D)got over
10. I always_________what I have
said.
A)get to B)hold to
C)lead to
D)see to
11. The engine________smoke and
steam.
A)gives up B)gives in
C)gives
away D)gives off
12. They ________in spite
of the extremely difficult conditions.
A)carried out B)carried off
C)carried
on D)carried forward
13. When Mr.
Jones gets old,he will_______over his business
to his son.
A)take B)handC)think
D)get
14. I can’t ______what that object is.
A)make up B)make over
C)make out
D)make for
15. Although he had looked through
all the reference material on the subject,he
still found it hard to understand this point
and her explanation only________to
his
confusion.
A)extended B)amounted
C)added D)turned
16.She________to
say that she was not interested in what I was
talking about.
A)broke out B)broke in
C)broke down D)broke up
17. Experienced
as we are,we must allow_______unexpected
difficulties.
A)for B)to
C)with
D)into
18. The wallet was_______to the
American tourist when he proved that it was
his.
A)given away B)given out
C)given back D)given up
19. They needed
quite sum of money to_______a special school for
gifted children.
a
A)set about
B)set up
C)set back D)set off
20. The
old lady opened the window to see what was
______outside in thelane.
A)going on
B)going out
C)going over D)going after
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21. With the birth of
the Communist Party of China,the face of the
Chinese
Revolution______an altogether new
aspect.
A)took for B)took on
C)took up
D)took over
22. The blow knocked him
unconscious and it was several minutes before
he.
A)came out B)came off
C)came to
D)came up
23. Though cruelly tortured by the
German fascists,the underground leader
didnt_______any of his comrades.
A)give in
B)give up
C)give back D)give away
24.
Peggy had been absent from school for two weeks,so
she naturally had a lot
of homework to_______.
A)make out B)make for
C)make after
D)make up
25. He tried to_______at least half
an hour every day for jogging(慢跑).
A)set
out B)set aside
C)set off D)set back
26. At first he could hardly_______what the
American professor was saying.
A)take in
B)take off
C)take to D)take over
27.
Once he has_______his loan from the bank,Henry
will owe money to no one
A)paid back
B)paid for
C)paid up D)paid off
28.
When the train_______,the Lafayette students were
surprised to learn that the
Carlisle track
team was composed of one man only.
A)pulled
out B)pulled on
C)pulled up D)pulled in
29. After the big job was finished,the
builder_______the number of men working for
him.
A)cut back B)cut across
C)cut
off D)cut in
30. The president
called on the people to_______arms to defend
their freedom and
independence.
A)take on B)take after
C)take up
D)take down
31. I will do my best
to_______your expectation.
A)live up to
B)live with
C)live through D)live by
32. John’s youngest son is______medicine.
A)putting up with B)standing up to
C)going in for D)making up for
33.
The band was so short of musicians that they had
to_______students.
A)fall for B)fall
back on
C)fall in D)fall on
34
. We’ve ________sugar.Ask Mrs Johnsons to lend
us some.
A)run down B)run off
C)run away
with D)run out of
35. The good service at
the hotel_______the poor food to some extent.
A)made for B)made out
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C)made up D)made up for
36
. She________us because she went to
an expensive school.
A)looks above B)looks
down upon
C)looks over D)looks up to
37. You’ll find that very difficult.You’ll
______some very tricky problems.
job
A)run over B)come off
C)come up
against D)run out of
38. There are many
inconveniences that have to be______when you are
camping.
A)put up B)put off
C)put up with D)put away
39. Having
gathered some information about the
accident,they______its real
causes.
A)got
down to B)got round to
C)got out of
D)got into
40. When I was criticized at the
meeting,only he______me.
A)stood for
B)stood up to
C)stood up for D)stood out
41. I am afraid my grandfather’s health will
not be able to_____this dramatic change
of
weather.
A)stand up for B)stand out
C)stand up D)stand up to
42. Jack
has been working hard and has______his classmates
in studies.
A)caught on B)caught up
with
C)caught out D)caught up
43
. They are trying hard to________technical
developments.
A)keep up with B)keep back
C)put up with D)keep up
44. To fulfil
the task assigned me,I’m quite prepared
to______whatever danger that
may lie behind.
A)face with B)face up to
C)face down
D)face up with
45. Very few
scientists______with completely new answers to the
world’s
problems.
A)come to
B)come round
C)come up D)come on
46.
The union______under the financial strain.
A)broke up B)broke out
C)broke off
D)broke down
47. If we can______our present
difficulties,then everything should be all
right.
A)get off B)put away
C)come across D)get over
48. The car
slowed down and______at the gate.
A)pulled out
B)pulled on
C)pulled down D)pulled up
49. Some hard plastics can be______metals in
manufacturing machine parts.
A)substituted
for B)replaced
C)taken the place of
D)given way to
50. Trains stop here in order
to ______passengers only.
A)get off B)pick
up
C)pull up D)get out
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51. Tom could not______the
last problem on the arithmetic test.
A)fill out B)figure out
C)find out
D)feel like
52. This office is so small that I
don’t think we can______another desk.
A)place down B)hold up
C)take in
D)fit in
53. I had a bit of cold over the
weekend but fortunately I______.
A)put it
off B)made it up
C)called it off
D)threw it off
54. Prepositions______in the
structure of English.
A)take part
B)take a great part
C)play a large part
D)play many parts
55. Jack was about to
announce our plan but I______.
A)put him
through B)gave him up
C)turned him out
D)cut him short
第五讲 动词时态
I.学习重点
一般现在时
一般将来时
一般过去时
现在进行时
现在完成时
现在完成进行时
过去完成时
将来完成时
过去将来完成时
将来进行时
Ⅱ.重点讲解
时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中共有16种时
态.
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Ⅲ.自测题
1. Long
ago,people didn’t know the earth ______ round the
sun.
A) moves B) were moved
C)
moved D) had moved
2. Tom will go to
school the moment he ______ his work.
A) will
finish B) finished
C) finishes D)
would finish
3. I will go there even if it
______ tomorrow.
A) will have rained B)
will rain
C) has rained D) rains
4. In case he ______,let me know.
A) has
come B) comes
C) will come D) would
come
5.It’s hard to tell if it ______ tonight.
A) will snow B) snows
C) shall snow
D) will have snowed
6.Free tickets will be
given to whoever ______ first.
A) will come
B) has come
C) comes D) come
7.I
______ John several times during the past month.
A) saw B) had seen
C) see
D) have seen
8.It ______ every day so far this
week.
A) has rained B) rains
C) is
raining D) rained
9.This is the first time
that I ______ to Paris.
A) will go B)
have been
C) have gone D) came
10.It is
the third cigarette that I ______ this morning.
A) smoke B) smoked
C) have smoked
D) am smoking
11.Anne is one of the brightest
pupils who ______ from the school.
A) have
graduated B) has graduated
C) had graduated
D) graduated
12.I am to do my homework as soon
as I ______ back from school.
A) had
arrived B) will arrive
C) have arrived
D) would arrive
13.By the time Mrs.Smith left
the school,she ______ that course for twenty
years.
A) taught B) has
taught
C) has been teaching D) had taught
14.Where ______ when I was in the Atlantic
City?
A) have you been B) were you
C)
had you been D) did you
15.No sooner had
Mr.Green finished explaining the poem than the
students
questions ______ to pour in.
A) begin B) began
C) beginning
D) had begun
16.Our teacher said the Yellow
River ______ the second largest river in
China.
A) was B) were
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C) has been
D) is
17
.Perhaps I ______ reading the
book by this time tomorrow.
A) will have
finished B) will finish
C) have finished
D) would have finished
18
.We ______
nearly a thousand miles when we reach
London.
A) travel B) have
traveled
C) shall have traveled D) are
traveling
19.I’ll ______ my sister at the
airport at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon.
A) be meeting B) be met
C) have met
D) have been meeting
20.The little girl ______
fine deeds both at and out of school.
A)
was always done B) is always doing
C) had
always done D) does always do
21.I had
intended to ______ you an early reply,but I didn’t
know how to get contact
with you.
A) have
given B) would give
C) give D)
giving
22.I was to ______ to see you
yesterday,but I was too busy to get away.
A) come B) be coming
C) have come
D) coming
23. It is two years since I ______
you.
A) see B) have seen
C) had
seen D) saw
24.It is the third time that
Tom ______ late for class.
A) has arrived
B) arrives
C) arrive D) is arriving
25.
He will come to call on you the
moment he ______ his work.
A) will finish B)
finishes
C) finished D) to finish
26.— Let’s hurry.The president is coming.
— Oh,I thought that we ______.
A) already
miss him B) had already missed him
C)
will miss him already D) have already missed
him
27.The Smiths told Jack that they ______ a
new car the next morning.
A) went to buy
B) would be going to buy
C) were going to buy
D) have gone buying
28.John and Mary ______ in
September.
A) are to be married B) will
marry
C) is to marry D) is married
29.I liked to play football when I was at the
university,but I broke a leg
five years
ago and since then I ______.
A) haven’t played
again B) didn’t play again
C) would not
play again D) would have played again
30.It doesn’t matter who ______ there in his
place.
A) will go B) go to
C) went
D) goes
31.When he graduates from the
university this summer,Tom ______ here for four
years.
A) will be studying B) will
study
C) will have studied D) studies
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32.The little girl
told me her name only after I ______ her mine.
A) had told B) told
C) tell
D) have told
33.I’d like to know when he
______ back.
A)is B) will be
C) be D) would be
34.Whatever ______,you should keep cool-
headed.
A) happened B) should happen
C) will happen D) happens
35.I’ll let
you have the book when I ______ through.
A)
will be B) am going to be
C) am D) shall
be
36.________last year and is now earning his
living as an advertising agent.
A) He left
the school B) He has left school
C) He had
left school D) He left school
37.I knew I
could not finish the homework________.
A) by
he had come B) until he has come
C)
when he comes D) before he came
38.The
government________to approve the use of widespread
surveillance when the
Justice Department took
objections.
A) is going B) had been
C) was about D) is coming
39.I
hadn
’t expected James to apologize but I
had hoped_______.
A) him calling me B)
that he would call me
C) him to call me
D) that he call me
40.Do not disturb
me.I_______letters all morning and have written
ten
so far.
A) write B)
have written
C) was writing D) have been
writing
41.Mr.Brown_______here for two weeks.
A) has already been B) is already being
C) has already been being D) is already
42.Hand in your papers when you______ the
test.
A) are finishing B) will finish
C)will have finished D) have finished
43
.By the time the course ends,______
a lot about Britain.
A) we’ll learn B) we
are learning
C) we have learned D) we’ll
have learnt
44.My father_______.
A) has
forever criticized me B) forever criticizes me
C) does forever criticize me D) is
forever criticizing me
has just arrived,but I
didn’t know he______until yesterday.
A)
will come B)was coming
C)had been
coming D)comes
46
.Whenever I
______ these days,I always carry my
raincoat.
A) shall go out B) am going
out
C) would go out D) go out
47.I
had hoped_______my letter.
A) her to answer
B)that she answer
C)that she would answer
D)her answering
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48
.This is the first time
_______really relaxed for months.
A) I’ve felt
B)I feel
C)felt D)I am feeling
49.They were quarrelling about the property
their father _______ them when
he_______.
A) left…died B)left…had been dead
C)had
left…died D)had left…was died
50.I______that
we would be able to leave tomorrow,but it’s
beginnig to look
difficult.
A) hoped
B)had hoped
C)was hoping D)would hope
51.The company_________a rise in salary for
ages,but nothing has happened yet.
A) is
promised B)has been promising
C)is
promising D)promised
52.There was a
knock at the door.It was the second time
someone________me that
evening.
A) had
interrupted B)would have interrupted
C)to
have interrupted D)to interrupt
53.The new
oneway scheme______for just over six months,and
traffic
has improved considerably as a
result.
A) has been operated B)has to be
operated
C)has been operating D)had
operating
54.They were sweating all over
because they ______ basketball for more than two
hours.
A) were playing B)were to
play
C)were to have played D)had been playing
55.Ever since the world began,nations ______
difficulty in keeping peace with their
neighbours.
A) have had B)have
C)had D)had had
56.I would
very much like to have gone to see the movie,but I
______ a ticket.
A) shall not have
B)haven’t had
C)don’t have D)didn’t
have
57.When Kate came to call on me,I had
just finished my washing and _______ to prepare
my lunch.
A) have started B)would
have started
C)had been starting D)was
starting
58.I ______ work last week,but I
changed my mind.
A) were to start B)was
to start
C)was to have started D)had started
59.By the middle of the 21st century,the vast
majority of the world’s population
________ in
cities rather than in the country.
A) are
living B)will be living
C)have lived
D)will have lived
60
.I’ll come to
your office as soon as I ______ the paper.
A)
obtain B)will obtain
C)am to obtain
D)have obtained
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第六讲被动语态
I.学习重点
被动语态的时态形式
各种句型的主动语态转换为被动语态的方法
短语动词的被动语态
get型被动语态
Ⅱ.重点讲解
语态是动词的一种形式,用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态:主动
语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语
是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的ed形式”构
成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.The
goods ______ when we arrived at the airport.
A) were just unloading B) were just being
unloaded
C) had just unloaded D) were
just been unloaded
2.The problem ______ for
two hours at the meeting.
A) was discussed
B) has discussed
C) has been being discussed
D) has been discussed
3.Greater efforts to
increase grain production ______ if food shortages
are to be
avoided.
A) is being made B)
must be made
C) have to make D) is making
4.The instruments will have to be carefully
tested before they ______.
A) are being
used B) will be used
C) can be used
D) use
5.Each pupil ______ an orange at the
end of yesterdays party.
A) has been
offered B) were offered
C) was offered
D) has offered
6.People who live along this
road receive their mail in these boxes.But why are
all of the ______?
A) grey painted
mailboxes B) mailboxes grey painted
C)
mailboxes painted grey D) painted grey
mailboxes
7.It was not until man had learned
how to make iron and steel that the construction
of various machines ______ possible.
A)
were made B) had made
C) made D)
was made
8.The man who doesn’t work ______
work.
A) made B) should be made
to
C) should be made D) has to be made
9.He was ______ to be clever but dishonest.
A) thought as B) thinking
C) to think
D) thought
10.John ______ the best singer in
his class.
A) regards to be B) regards
as
C) has regarded as D) is regarded as
11.Mr.Smith ______ by a large majority vote at
the board meeting.
A) has turned down
B) was turned down
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C)
was turned D) had turned down
12.The
sports meet ______ because of the weather.
A)
puts off B) was putted off
C) was put
off D) has put off
13.Such success ______
when we first started.
A) was never thought
B) has never been thought
C) was never thought
of D) did not think of
14.More and more
attention ______ adult education both at home and
abroad.
A) is paying to B) are
paid to
C) has being paid to D) has been
paid to
15.Mary got angry when she realized
she ______.
A) was being made fun of B) has
been making fun of
C) is made fun of
D) made fun of
16.— The ceremony has already
started.
— Look! The flag is ______ now.
A) being raised B) being rose
C) risen
D) raising
17.
Bill ______ a job in a
factory,but he refused to take it.
A) was
offered B) offered
C) was offering D)
had offered
18.In 1950,she was the largest
ship that ______.
A) was ever built B)
has ever built
C) has ever been built D)
had ever been built
19.I should very much
like to go to the party,but ______.
A) I am
not invited B) I have not been invited
C)
I was not invited D) I will not be invited
20.The work ______ by the time you get here.
A) will have been done B)is done
C) had
been done D) would have done
21.The
construction of the laboratory ______ by the end
of next month.
A) must have completed
B) must have been completed
C) must be
completed D) must complete
22.The Anti-
Japanese War ______ in 1937.
A) broke out
B) was broken out
C) had broken out D) was
happened
23.She was told the examination
______ on Friday.
A) will be given B) would
be given
C) to be given D) is given
24.I’ll have to push the car to the side of
the road because we ______ if
we leave it
here.
A) would be fined B) will be fined
C) will being fined D) will have been fined
25.They believed that by using computers the
production of their factory
______.
A) will greatly increase B) would
greatly increase
C) would be increased greatly
D) will been great increased
26.Lenin
often spoke to his comrades and ______ with
enthusiasm.
A) was always listened to
B) was always listened
C) always listened to
D) always was listened
27.This film ______
this Saturday.
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A)
shows B) will show
C) is to be
shown D) is to show
28
.The
children ______ many times not to go near the
river.
A) have told B) told
C) have
been told D) were being told
29.I think
much attention ______ your pronunciation.
A)
must be paid to B) ought be paid to
C) must
pay to D) should be paid by
30.John
will have to go to work by bus as his car ______.
A) is repaired B) is being repaired
C) is needed repairing D) is needed repairs
31.Most environmental problems exist because
adequate measures for preventing them
______
taken in the past.
A) was not B)were
not
C)were not being D)being not
32.My
pictures _______ until next week.
A) won’t
develop B)aren’t developing
C)don’t
develop D)won’t be developed
the
apparatus _____ before the experiment began.
A) have been prepared B)were prepared
C)had been prepared D)had prepared
34.It’s upsetting when a person ______ for a
crime that he didn’t commit.
A) is
punishing B)will punish
C)have punished
D)gets punished
35.Enough _______ on how to
take useful things out of rubbish.
A) has
said B)was said
C)has been said
D)will be said
36.The Smiths ______ in the
hotel,for their houses ______ in the
explosion.
rooms
A) were given;had
been destroyed
B)gave;destroyed
C)was
given;was destroyed
D)gave;had been destroyed
37.I wasn’t surprised she ______ elected after
all the efforts she made.
A) got
B)took
C)grew D)turned
38._______ thousands of different species of
beetles.
A) There is known to be B)There
are known to be
C)There is to be known
D)Known there are to be
is reported that new
railway station ______ there by the end of next
month.
a
A) will be built B)has
built
C)was built D)will have been
built
40.Your hair wants______.You’d better
have it done tomorrow.
A) cut
B)to cut
C)cutting D)being cut
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第七讲虚拟语气
I.学习重点
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法
虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的用法
虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法
虚拟语气在if only〖WT〗引导的感叹句中的用法
虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的用法〖HT〗〖BG)〗
Ⅱ.重点讲解
虚拟语气是历年考试中结构选择部分的最常见的也是必不可少的一个语
法项目。虚拟语气是
谓语动词的一种特殊形式,用来表示假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或空想等非
真实情
况.
Ⅲ.自测题
1.His car must have
broken down,or he ______then.
A) would have
been here B) had to be here
C) should be
here D) would be here
2. We consider
it necessary that a careful plan______ before
doing work.
A) should make B) be
made
C) to be made D) will be
made
3. The picture exhibition bored me to
death. I wish I ______ to it.
A)
have not gone B) did not go
C) could not have gone D) had
not gone
4. Your suggestion that he ______
till next week is reasonable.
A) wait
B) will wait
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C) shall wait D) waits
5
.
Since the meeting is very important, I’d
rather______.
A) you yourself would attend
it B) you yourself attended it
C) you
yourself attend it D) you yourself will
attend it
6. Had she come yesterday, I
______ her the truth.
A) did tell B)
told
C) would have told D) would
tell
7. I don’t know what I’d have done if I
______ to make that decision.
A) have had
B) would have
C) had had D) had
8.
It’s high time that you ______ to
correct that mistake.
A) have learnt B)
learn
C) will learn D)
learnt
9. Because he had a bad cold, his
mother insisted that he ______to school.
A) mustn’t go B) not go
C) do not go D) would not go
10.
The headmaster gave orders that the test
______before 12:30.
A) will be finished
B) be finished
C) shall finish
D) will finish
11.It is important that the
customs of all nations ______ respected.
A) be B) are
C) must be
D) will be
12. It is necessary that he
______ in time to attend the meeting.
A) will come B) comes
C)
come D) came
13. He’s working hard
for fear that he______.
A) would fall
behind B) fell behind
C)
may fall behind D) should fall
behind
14.He ordered that the work
______ started at once.
A) be
B)is
C) was D)being
15. If you had followed the doctors
advice, you ______all right now
A) will
become B) could have become
C) would
become D) became
16.I would have said
“Hello” to him if I ______your brother.
A)could see B)had seen
C)will see
D)will have seen
17.If I had a bike,I ______it
to you yesterday.
A)would have lent B)would
lend
C)would have lend D)could lend
18.______,John would not have failed.
A)If
he has listened to me B)Had he listened to me
C)If he listened to me D)As he listened
to me
19.I wished it______but it did.
A)occurred not B)did not occur
C)had not occurred D)would not occur
20.I______Professor Jones had taught me this
question.
A)believe B)deeply think
C)wish D)suppose
21.The sun rises in
the east and sets in the west,so it seems as if
the sun______round
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the earth.
A)circles B)is circling
C)be circling D)were circling[
22.— I
think that the Smiths were embarrassed by Jane’s
generosity.
— She insisted______it as a
gift.
A)no them to accept B)their accepting
C)that they accept D)that they accepted
23.Jill would rather we ______now,but we must
go to work.
A)not leave B)had not left
C)didn’t leave D)not to be left
24
.I’d just as soon______those important papers
with you.
A)that you won’t take B)your not
taking
C)please don’t you take D)you didn’t
take
25.If you hadn’t taken such a long time
to get dressed,we’d ______there by now.
A)be B)get
C)have got at
D)have been
26.Peter wishes that
he
______law instead of literature when he was in
college.
A)had studied B)studied
C)could
study D)would study
27.______,Gerald would
have been a rich man.
A)Was he to enter
businessB)Were he entered business
C)Had he
entered businessD)If he was to enter business
28.If only I ______how to operate an
electronic computer as you do.
A)had known
B)would know
C)should know D)knew
29.—
Where have you been?
— I got caught in the
traffic;______I would have been here sooner.
A)however B)although
C)anyway
D)otherwise
30.John would rather that
Jane______to the party yesterday evening.
A)did not go B)not go
C)had not gone
D)wouldn’t gone
31.The chief editor
recommended that everyone______this paper.
A)must refer to B)referred to
C)would
refer to D)refer to
32.______no electronic
computer,there would have been no artificial
satellites or
rockets.
A)Had there been
B)If there were
C)Should there be D)If
there are
33.It was essential that the
application form______back before the
deadline.
A)must be sent B)be sent
C)would be sent D)were sent
34.
It is urgent that they______from the mountain
before dark.
A)shall be rescued B)will be
rescued
C)be rescued D)must rescue
35.______the fog,we should have reached our
destination.
A)Because of B)In case of
C)In spite of D)But for
36.It is
natural that an employee______his work on time.
A)finished B)finishes
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C)finish D)finishing
37.If you______that movie last night,you
wouldn’t be sleepy now.
A)haven’t watched
B)didn’t watch
C)hadn’t watched D)wouldn’t
have watched
38.What do you think of his
proposal that improvement ______in the old type of
vacuum
cleaner?
A)be made B)would
be made
C)will be made D)will have to be
made
39.
I’d rather you______anything
about it for the time being.
A)do
B)won’t do
C)didn’t do D)hadn’t do
40.It is suggested that all controls______at
the front of the machine.
A)mount
B)be mounted
C)are mounted D)will be
mounted
41.My idea is that our group______the
other groups to a friendly competiti
on.
A)challenge B)will challenge
C)would challenge D)challenges
42.
He’s working hard for fear that he______to
pass the exam.
A)fails B)may fail
C)should fail D)would fail
43.I’d
rather you ______your mouth shut.
A)keep
B)kept
C)will keep D)have kept
44.
Had it not been for the traffic
jam,I______late for class.
A)would have been
B)won’t have been
C)have been
D)wouldn’t have been
45
.Mother told
me to take an umbrella lest I ______a
cold.
A)should catch B)caught
C)catch
D)will catch
46.
If the sea ______ 500
feet ,India would become an island.
A) is to
rise B) were risen
C) has risen D)
were to rise
47.They ______ so tired,if they
hadnt been walking for a whole day.
A)
wouldn’t be feeling B) would feel
C)
would have felt D) are not feeling
48.If only he ______ differently, he might
still be the director of the
faculty.
A) behaved B) have behaved
C) had
behaved D) behaves
49.He had just arrived,
but he talked as if he ______ about our plan.
A) had known B) knew
C) knows D)
has known
50.How I wish we ______ as we were
told! This would never have happened.
A)
had done B) would do
第八讲助动词
I.学习重点
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助动词的用法基本
半助动词的用法
情态助动词的一般用法
“情态助动词+have done”的用法
Ⅱ.重点讲解
英语中的助动词的句法功能是协助主动词构成动词词组,它不能单独
充当谓语动词。英
语助动词分为三大类:①基本助动词(如be,do,have);②半助动词(如h
ave to,had better,
be going to,be able to,be
about to,seem to等);③情态助动词(如must,may,should
等)。英
语四级考试对助动词的考查主要是情态助动词。所以本章我们主要论述情态助动词
的用法。情态助动词不
同于一般助动词,它本身有词义,表示说话人的语气或情态。但情态
助动词的
词义又不像实义
动词那样完全,它不能单独作谓语,只能和不带to的动词不定式(ought
等除外.
Ⅲ.自测题
1.Since the ditch is full of
water,______last night.
A)there might have
been rain
B)it must be raining
C)it must
have rained
D)there must have rain
2.Look
what you have done!You______more careful.
A)must be B)may be
C)would
have been D)should have been
3.Mary_______yesterday if she was really
serious about her work.
A)ought have come
B)ought to have come
C)ought to come
D)ought to be coming
4.Her performance in the
exams is excellent.She______a lot of time
studying
A)may spend B)must
spend
C)must have spent D)had spent
5.You______pay the money,but you_______do so
at once.
A)needn’t;must B)need;need
C)must;must D)must;needn’t
6.Comrade Wang _______be in Beijing because I
saw him in town only a few minutes
ago.
A)mustn’t B)can’t
C)may not
D)isn’t able to
7.The car plunged into the
river.The drive________ get out but the
passengers
were drowned.
A)was able
to B)succeeded to
D)might
_________ the meeting this afternoon if you
have something important to
to do.
A)needn’t to come B)don’t need come
C)don’t need coming D)needn’t com
9.—
Did they blame him for his mistakes?
— Yes,but
they _________so.
A)would rather not do
B)shouldn’t do
C)shouldn’t have done D)had
better not do
10.— Did your brother break the
window?
— He_______have done it.I am not sure.
A)will not B)might
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C)can
D)must
11. Since it is already
midnight,we______.
A)had better left
B)ought to have left
C)should take leave
D)might as well leave
12. The house is
dark;the Turners ______to bed.
A)should go
B)should have gone
C)must have gone D)must
go
13. My father______such a thing.
A)can’t have said B)might not have said
C)couldn’t say D)must not have said
14.
He went on foot,but he ______by bus.
A)might
as well go B)should go
C)could have gone
D)must have gone
15. “Where are my
keys?I______them.”
A)must lose B)should
have lost
C)can have lost D)might have lost
16. Where ______wait for you?
A)do you
want me B)will I
C)shall I
D)would you hope me to
17. The swimmer was
very tired but he______reach the shore
before he collapsed.
A)might B)can
C)succeeded to D)was able to
18.
______to you like that?
A)How dared he spoke
B)How dares he speak
C)How dare he speak
D)How dares he to speak
19. Ann doesn’t like
milk.She says that she______it at home.
A)was never used to drink B)was never used
to drinking
C)never used to drink
D)never used to drinking
20. Some people feel
that firearms______.
A)need be controlled
B)must have been controlled
C)can be
controlled D)should be controlled
21.
______to have lunch with us today?
A)Do you
like B)Would you like
C)Will you like
D)Shall you like
22. You ______him that the
day before.
A)ought not to have told B)must
not have told
C)should not tell
D)ought not to tell
23. When I was a boy,I
______chocolate.
A)would like B)used
to like
C)was used to like D)should like
24.— You missed a golden opportunity.
—
Yes,I______that job when it was offered.
A)must take B)should have taken
C)might have taken D)ought to take
25.
When we reached the station,the train had not
arrived;so we______.
A)needed not to hurry
B)needn’t have hurried
C)need not to have
hurried D)didn’t need to hurry
26. Most of
the people in the group felt rather disappointed
at their travelling
abroad.They say that it
______better organized.
A)might have been
B)had been
C)had to be D)must have
been
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27. My sister
wasn’t in Paris last month,so you______her
there.
A)might not have seen B)can’t
have seen
C)must not have seen D)shouldn’t
have seen
28. I want to go to the grocery,but
you______with me.
A)need not to go B)don’t
need go
C)not need to go D)need not go
29. — The lecturer was a tall, thin man with
white hair.
— Then it______Dr.Fell because he
is short and fat.It______Dr.Jones;he is
thin.
A)can’t be;must be
B)couldn’t have
be;might have been
C)must be;can’t be
D)can’t have been;must have been
30. I
wonder why they haven’t arrived yet.I told them
how to get here but
perhaps I ______them a
map.
A)should give B)had to give
C)ought to have given D)must have given
31. — Martin is taking pictures of wild
animals.
— Oh,no.He______killed.
A)might
be B)might have been
C)must be D)would
probably have been
32. You______me because I
didn’t say anything like that.
A)must
misunderstand B)may misunderstand
C)could have misunderstand D)must have
misunderstood
33. No one______that to his
face.
A)dares say B)dares saying
C)dare
say D)dare to say
34. Some people think
that if you can’t say something nice about a
person,then
you______anything at all.
A)mustn’t have said B)shouldn’t say
C)needn’t have said D)wouldn’t say
35.
— Do you believe that James will apologize to
Mary?
— I don’t know.He______.
A)should
B)would
C)ought D)will
36.Mr
Jones,_______you tell me what has happened?
A)
may B) must
C) might
D) could
37.As it turned out to be a small
party,we ________up so formally.
A)
needn’t dress B) didn’t need have dressed
C) did not need dress D) needn’t have
dressed
38. I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch
with him before he left.I ______
him
earlier.
A) had a telephone B) have
phoned
C) should have phoned D) should be
phoned
39. He was a good swimmer so
he_______swim to the riverbank when the boat
sank.
A) could B) might
C)
succeeded to D) was able to
40.
You_______read that article if you don’t want to.
A) haven’t B) can’t
C)mustn’t
D)needn’t
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第九讲不定式
I.学习重点
不定式(短语)的句法功能
不定式的时态
不定式的语态
不定式和疑问词连用
不定式的复合结构
省略[WTHZ]to[WT]的不定式
Ⅱ.重点讲解
不定式是非限定动词的一种形式,它是由“to+动词原形”构成的。to是不定式的符号,本
身没有意义。不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能单独作谓语。不定式具有名词、形
容词、副词的特征,
同时也保留动词的某些特征。不定式和自己的宾语、状语构成不定式短
语,如:to
learn English,to speak at the
meeting。不定式的否定形式是在其前直接加
not或 never,如:not
to be late,never to make such
mistakes。不定式既然有动词的
特征,当然也就有时态之分,有语态之别。
Ⅲ.自测题
1. They would rather______on with
the house building than______it up.
A)to
go;to give B)go;give
C)to go;give
D)go;giving
2. If the work ______by the end of
the month is delayed,the construction company
will be fined.
A)will be completed
B)will have been completed
C)to be
completed
D)being completed
3. Another
manmade earth satellite is reported______orbit
yesterday.
A)to have been put into B)to
have been put
C)to be put into D)to
put into
4. No matter how hard I searched,the
receipt was nowhere______.
A)to have found
B)to be founded
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C)being found D)to be found
5. It is
hard______the problem without others help.
A)for him to solve B)that he might solve
C)for him solving D)his solving
6.
______such an attitude is to seek truth from
facts.
A)People adopt B)While adopting
C)Being adopted D)To adopt
7. Although
he tries his best,much work______.
A)remains
not done B)remain not to do
C)does not remain to be done D)remains
still to be done
8. Some students find______.
A)boring to remember English words
B)it to
remember English words boring
C)it boring to
remember English words
D)remember English
words boring it
9. As a matter of fact,I
thought______.
A)it not to criticize him
bestB)best not to criticize him
C)it best to
not criticize himD)it best not to criticize
him
10. Jones wants______a company by
himself instead of ______his father’s.
A)to open;taking over B)to open;take over
C)opening;take over D)opening;taking over
11. On hearing the bad news,she could do
nothing______.
A)but crying B)while crying
C)except cry D)only to cry
12
.
Rather than______any more,I decided to go home by
taxi.
A)my waiting B)to have waited
C)waiting for D)wait
13. They don’t
allow______in the room.
A)to smoke B)us
smoke
C)us to smoke D)to be smoked
14.
The manager could do nothing______the secretary’s
suggestion.
A)only to agree to B)until
agree to
C)but agree to D)except agreeing
to
15. Under the pressure of policemen,the
criminal______confess his guilt.
A)could
not only B)only to
C)could not but
D)could not unless
16. The brave young man
would rather die______.
A)never surrender
B)than surrender
C)without surrendering
D)not to surrender
17. The companies can not
choose______with each other.
A)unless
cooperate B)only cooperate
C)but cooperate
D)apart from cooperate
18. I have spent much
time encouraging______.
A)them reading
B)that they read
C)them to read D)their
reading
19. Let’s hurry______be late for the
party.
A)in order to not B)to not
C)not
to D)so as not to
20. I have
enjoyed my visit here.I am very sorry______.
A)to leave B)for leaving
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C)of leaving D)with leaving
21. Have you ever______a lie?
A)know me to
tell B)knew me to tell
C)know me tell
D)known me tell
22. Did you notice the little
boy______?
A)took the candy and run away
B)taking the candy and run away
C)who take
the candy and run away
D)take the candy and
run away
23. John______the report for him.
A)got his sister write B)had his
sister write
C)made his sister in writing
D)let his sister to write
24. The farmhands
were made______their work.
A)done B)to be
done
C)to do D)do
25.He
will______except lend you money.
A)do anything
for you B)give you anything
C)make
everything for you D)lend you everything
26
. He had nothing to ______the
posters outside the house.
A)see except look at
B)do except to look at
C)do except look at
D)watch except to looking at
27. She would
sooner______.
A)starved than surrendered
B)starve than surrender
C)starved than to
surrender
D)to starve than to surrender
28. When the typist saw his funny
look,she______.
A)could not help to
laughB)was not able to help laughter
C)could
not help but laughD)could not help but laughing
29. — Would you help me with my lessons?
—
Of course,but I can do______give you some advice.
A)no more but to B)not more than
C)no more except to D)no more than
30.
He was said______a gift from her,knowing that it
meant a bribe.
A)to refuse
B)to be refused
C)to have been refused D)to
have refused
31. The manuscript was
thought______by Shakespeare.
A)to write
B)to be written
C)to have written D)to have
been written
32. I was pleased______you last
month.
A)to meet B)have to meet
C)to have met D)meeting
33. It is
important for the plan______.
A)to put into
practice B)not to put into practice
C)to be
put into practiceD)to be not put into practice
34. The lecture is hard______.
A)to
understand B)for understanding
C)to be
understood D)understand
35. He is said
to______the old couple for more than ten
years.
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A)have
looking after B)have been looking after
C)look for D)be looking for
36. There were not much______him.
A)to be interested and amused B)interesting
and amusing
C)to interest and amuse
D)interested and amused
37. I want a
book______on the journey.
A)to read
B)to be read
C)for reading D)having been
read
38. These apples are still too green and
sour______.
A)that they can be eatenB)that
they can’t have been eaten
C)to be eaten
D)for eating
39. It is very kind______so.
A)for you to say B)for you to have said
C)of you to say D)of that you say
40.
I have considered Jane tomorrow,but I haven’t
considered______my hand.
seeing
A)having offered B)to offer
C)how to
offer D)offered
41.John admitted that it’s
always difficult _______.
A) for him being on
time B) being on time for him
C)for him
to be on time D)on time for him
42.A
good administrator must know_______.
A) to be
firm B) to have firmness
C)the way
of firmness D)how to be fir
43.They would
rather_______for a walk.
A) going
B) be go
C)to go D)go
44.Several of these washers and dryers are out
of order and _______.
A) need to be
repairing
B) repairing is required of them
C) require that they be repaired
D) need
to be repaired
45.There was nothing they could
do______.
A) but wait B) except waiting
C)
only to wait D) unless they waited
46.Last
night,in
a radio address,the president
urged us______to the Red Cross.
A) that we
subscribe B) subscribe
C) subscribing
D) to subscribe
47.—Where are you going?
—To help the neighbors_______the dinner party.
A) get ready B) getting ready
C)get ready for D)by getting ready
48.Now the need________other peoples’ language
is becoming greater and
greater.
A)
to learn B) learning
C)to be
learned D)being learned
49.It is
necessary_________the book immediately.
A) for
him to return B) that he returns
C)his
returning D)to him return
50.Some
who were famous in their own times would find it
difficult______.
A) to achieve success
todayB) to succeed successfully today
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C)to come off well today
D)at being successful today
第十讲 V-ing形式
I.学习重点
V-ing形式的句法功能
V-ing形式的复合结构/独立主格结构
V-ing形式的时态形式
V-ing形式的被动语态
固定搭配中的V-
ing形式
Ⅱ.重点讲解
这里所说的V-ing形式包括了传统语法书中所讲的“现在分词”和“动名词”。V-ing形式也是一种非限定动词。它有一般形式和完成形式,以及主动语态和被动语态的区别。
Ⅲ.自测题
1. Bad weather prevented the
construction from ______in time.
A)having
completed B)completed
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C)completing D)being completed
2.
______,Mary ran out of the classroom.
A)With
tear in her eyes and a sudden turn
B)Turning
suddenly,with tears in her eyes
C)With a
sudden turn tearful eyes
D)Having tears in her
eyes and turned suddenly
3. ______that the
teacher was not in,she went back.
A)Find
B)To find
C)To have found D)Finding
4.
It’s no good______a lot but doing nothing.
A)talk B)talkingC)talked D)to talk
5. It is no use______him at this hour.
A)to call B)calledC)call D)calling
6. Is there anything here______?
A)worth
to buy B)worth of being bought
C)worthy
buying D)worthy of being bought
7. I don’t
regret______even if it might have upset her.
A)to tell her what I thought
B)to have
told her that I thought
C)telling what I
thought
D)telling her what I thought
8.
The teacher said,“Stop______.”So we stopped______.
A)to talk;to work B)talk;working
C)talking;to work D)talking;work
9. My
younger sister couldn’t help______when her toy
fell into the river.
A)but to cry B)but
crying
C)to cry D)crying
10. That bad
egg wore dark glasses to avoid______.
A)being
recognized B)to be recognized
C)recognizing
D)to recognized
11. I love______,but I’d
hate______in a crowded swimming pool.
A)to
swim;swimming B)swimming;swimming
C)to
swim;to swim D)swimming;to swim
12. These
secondary routes may go up steep slopes,along high
cliffs or down
frightening hillsides to
towns______in deep valleys.
A)lying
B)laying
C)laid D)lied
13. ______after
a long walk,John called and said he couldn’t
come.
A)Having worn out B)Being worn
out
C)To wear out D)Worn out
14. I
wasted all the afternoon______through piles of old
letters.
A)go B)to go
C)goes
D)going
15. He saw in the driving mirror and
saw the lorry______over his car.
A)come
B)coming
C)having come D)to come
16
. ______the operation successfully
made him feel relaxed.
A)Had performed
B)Having performed
C)Have performed D)To
perform
17. ______the book has taken up much
of his spare time.
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A)While he writes B)That I wrote
C)Writing D)To write
18. It
is______pretending to know what you don’t know.
A)no good B)not helpful
C)not good
D)all right
19. Do you think it’s
worthwhile______a new language?
A)to teach him
learn B)teaching him to learn
C)for
teaching him learningD)teaching him to be learned
20
. It’s a waste of time______him to
our way of thinking.
A)of you to try persuade
B)trying to persuade
C)that you try persuade
D)to try persuade
21. ______,they went away
disappointedly.
A)All the tickets have sold
out
B)All the tickets having been sold out
C)While having been sold out
D)Having sold
out all the tickets
22
. ______so much
in the war has made Joe more
thoughtful.
A)Seeing B)To see
C)Had seen
D)Have seen
23. It is no use______now.He is
very busy.
A)asking him to come B)to ask
him to come
C)asking him coming D)to ask
him come
24. ______a fine day,we decided to go
out on a picnic.
A)What B)Having been
C)Being D)It being
25.
______to get there at dawn means we may lose the
battle.
A)Our failing B)We to fail
C)Us
failing D)We fail
26. Do you
remember______coming to see us last Sunday?
A)Mary and her mother B)Mary and her
mother’s
C)Mary and Mary’s mother’s
D)Mary’s and mother’s
27. The human body is
composed of organs,______a definite job to do.
A)each one’s has B)each has
C)each
having D)for each to have
28.
______,she went back to her room.
A)There is
no cause for alarm
B)Being no cause for alarm
C)There being no cause for alarm
D)Without
having cause for alarm
29. I don’t
understand______at the poor child.
A)you to
laugh B)you laugh
C)why do you laugh
D)your laughing
30. He agreed that the problem
required______.
A)to look into B)to be
looked into it
C)looking into D)being
looked into
31. ______London numbers from
abroad,dial 1,not 01.
A)When telephoning
B)When being telephoned
C)While telephoned
D)When having telephone
32. My wife
suggested______to Scotland for a holiday,but I
favor______Wales
instead.
A)to go;to visit
B)going;visiting
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C)to
go;visiting D)going;to visit
33. I wrote up
in the night and found we had water ______through
the ceiling.
A)do drip down B)being
dripped
C)drip from D)dripping
34.
China stretches across a vast area ______ the
cold,temperate and tropial
zones.
A)covers
B)cover
C)covering D)covered
35. After
a long walk on a hot day,one often feels______.
A)exhausting B)exhausive
C)exhausted
D)exhaust
36. He won’t like such
questions______the meeting.
A)to discuss at
B)discussed at
C)discussing in D)to have
discussed in
37. When ______the English
standards of Japanese and Chinese secondary
pupils,the
professor gave no comment.
A)asking to compare with B)asked to compare
C)asking to be compared D)asked him to
compare
38. ______against corruption and waste
has brought us a bright future.
A)We fight
B)Our fighting
C)We to fight D)Us fighting
39. — Did you miss your stop?
— The bus
was so crowded that I had a hard time______.
A)got off B)getting off
C)to get off
D)get off
40. Weather______,the sports meeting
will be held as scheduled.
A)should permit
B)permits
C)is permitted D)permitting
41. Don’t you mind______the window?
A)me
to open B)I open
C)my opening D)to open
42. I’m not satisfied with______so hastily.
A)that being done B)that is done
C)that’s being done D)that’s done
43.
He is very busy______his papers.He is far too
busy______callers.
A)to write;to receive
B)writing;to receive
C)writing;receiving
D)to write;for receiving
44. My younger
brother couldn’t help______when his toy plane fell
into the
river.
A)but to cry B)but
crying
C)to cry D)crying
45. I
vaguely remember______something like that.
A)his saying B)him having said
C)for him to say D)that he say
46
. No one thought that John’s suggestion was
worth______.
A)to consider
B)considering
C)to be considered D)of
consideration
47. John was caught______his
neighbour’s apples the other day.
A)to
have stolen B)stealing
C)to steal
D)having stolen
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48.
There was so much noise outside that the speaker
could hardly______.
A)make the audience
hear
B)make the audience hearing him
C)make himself hear
D)make himself heard
49.Some of the experiments______in the book
are easy to perform.
A)being described
B)described
C)to be described D)having been
described
50. ______to continue his
studies,James quitted school.
A)Not wishing
B)Not to wish
C)Having not wished
D)Wishing not
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第十一讲 V-ed形式
I.学习重点
V-ed形式的句法功能
V-ed形式用于独立主格结构
Ⅱ.重点讲解
V-ed形式即传统语法中所说的过去分词,又有人称之为-
ed分词,它也是一种非限定动词。
规则动词的V-ed形式由动词原形加词尾-
ed构成,不规则的V-ed形式情况各异。V-ed形式
一般表示完成和被动,只有一种形式,没有时
态和语态的形式变化。
Ⅲ.自测题
1. ______about
the storm,the sailor changed his course.
A)Warn B)Warned
C)Being warning D)To
be warned
2. ______,we can
’t look
forward to seeing the sports center
rebuilt.
A)This year’s budget severely cut
B)This year’s budget has severely cut
C)This year’s budget being severely cutting
D)This year budget cut
3. The
materials______in the paper are all up-to-date.
A)quoting B)quoted
C)being
quoting D)to be quoting
4. A large fish was
slowly swimming through the water,its
tail______back and forth
like the pendulum of
a clock.
A)swung B)swinging
C)was
swung D)was swinging
5. The new water
machine______here from the factory looked a bit
larger than that
I had ordered.
A)delivered B)delivering
C)to be
delivered D)having delivered
6. We have
never heard the word______that way before.
A)pronounce B)be pronounced
C)pronounced D)pronouncing
7. New
Zealand is a (an)______country.
A)English
speaking B)speaking English
C)English
spoken D)English being spoken
8.
The______necklace was returned by the police.
A)stealing B)stolen
C)having
stolen D)being stolen
9. The engine______at
maximum speed for a long time may start to
overheat.
A)running B)run
C)ran
D)to be run
10. The customer______by one penny
got the money back as soon as he returned to
the supermarket.
A)overcharging B)being
overcharged
C)overcharged D)to overcharge
11. ______,the sun could be seen climbing up
over the hills to our east.
A)The morning
fog is to be blown away
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B)The morning fog blow away
C)The morning
fog blown away
D)It is blown away the morning
fog
12. The failure on final exams always make
students______their performance.
the
A)ashamed of B)being ashamed of
C)ashamed D)shamed
13. My sister’s
professor had her ________ her paper many times
before allowing
her to present it to
the committee.
A) rewritten B) to rewrite
C) rewrite D) rewriting
14. For this
important event,the press secretary is the
spokesperson______by
the president to
give the news to the eager television
reporters______in the
conference room of
the White House.
A)chosen;waiting
B)chosen;waited
C)chose;waiting D)chosen;to
wait
15. Many things______impossible and
incredible in the past are common today.
A)consider B)considered
C)considering D)to consider
16. When
______to tell the difference between British and
American English,
the professor made a
long and ______speech.
A)asked;tired
B)asked;tiring
C)asking;tiring D)be
asked;tired
17. ______the top of the
mountain,we had hardly any energy______for the
descent
(下山).
A)Reached;leaving
B)Reached;left
C)Reaching;to be left
D)Reaching;left
18.
We visited the
small village______south of the
reservoir.
A)laying B)lying
C)to lie
D)laid
19
. All these products will
surpass the level______in 1976.
A)attained
B)attaining
C)to be attained D)having been
attained
20. ______of the burden of the
ice,the balloon climbed up and drifted to the
south.
A)Freeing B)Freed
C)To be
free D)Having freeing
21. Jane’s brother
borrowed my French dictionary yesterday,______that
he would
return it soon.
A)said
B)saying
C)to say D)having said
22.
Only by practice will you be able to improve
your______and gradually speak
fluently.
A)speaking English B)spoken English
C)spoke English D)speak English
23.
______population in the centers of American cities
have resulted in a large
number
of______buildings.
A)Declined;abandoned
B)Declining;abandoned
C)Declined;abandoning
D)Declining;abandoning
24. She had a very
______when she heard the news.
A)disappointed
look B)disappointing look
C)disappointed appearance D)disappointment
look
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25. His
health______,Henry Lee went on leave(告假)from the
army.
A)failed B)failing
C)being failed D)being in failure
26.
______left before the deadline,it doesn’t seem
likely that John will accomplish
the job.
A)With so short time B)Since such a
short time
C)Although such a short timeD)With
such a short time
27. Even if______,I won’t
go.
A)invited B)being invited
C)having been invited D)to be invited
28. Are you going to the dinner______by
Professor Wang?
A)given B)to give
C)to be given D)being given
29.
Suddenly there appeared a young woman______in
green.
A)worn B)dressingC)to dress
D)dressed
30. — Is the radio bothering you?
— It certainly is.I’d like it______off.
A)turning B)to turn
C)turned
D)turns
31._______from space,our earth,with
water covering 70% of its surface,appears as
a
“blue planet”.
A) Seen B) Seeing
C) Having seen D) To see
32.A________achievement of electronics is
electronic computers.
A) widely knowing
B) being widely known
C) widely known
D) having widely known
33.Some of the
experiments_______in the book are easy to
perform.
A) describing B) to be
described
C) described D) to
describe
34
.They tried to silence the
_______ audience but in vain.
A) exciting
B) excited
C) to excite D) excite
35.The lecture was three hours long and Frans
felt very______.
A) boring B)
bored
C) boredom D) bore
36.
Excuse me,but it is time to have
your temperature_______.
A) taking
B) to take
C) take D) taken
37.There was so much noise that the speaker
couldn’t make himself_______.
A) hearing
B) to hear
C) heard D) being
heard
38.They found out a _______ soldier on
the battlefield.
A) wound B)
wounded
C) wounding D) being
wounding
39.Jane was scolded by the director
because she left the office with the
door
______.
A) unlocking B) not being
locked
C) unlocked D) not locking
40.They are _______with their present job.
A) satisfied B) satisfy
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C) satisfying D) to
satisfy
41.She wants the work_______before
tomorrow.
A) be done B) do
C)
done D) be doing
42.With the
first point_________,they turned their negotiation
to another.
A) agreed on B)
agree on
C) to agree on D) to agree
43.Is there anything you want from the town?I
am going to get______.
A) these letters
mailed B) mailed letters
C) to mail these
letters D) these letters mail
44.All the
insulating to then could be damaged by sea
water.
substances________up
A) knowing
B) known
C) to know D) know
45.I’m going to the hairdresser’s to_______.
A) cut my hair B) have my hair cut
C) have cut my hair D) cut me my hair
46.A beam of light will not bend round corners
unless______to do so with the help
of a
reflecting device.
A) made B)
being made
C) having made D) to be made
47.He heard his name_______.
A) call
B) be called
C) called D) to call
48.Any body,when______to a high
temperature,becomes a source of light.
A)
to be heated B) heated
C) being heated
D) having heated
49.An automatically
controlled electric oven never gets_______.
A) overheating B) to overheat
C)
to be overheated D) overheated
50._______waiting for Jane,he headed home.
A) To feed up with B) Fed up with
C)
Feeding up with D) To be fed up with
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第十二讲形容词/副词
I.学习重点
as…as结构
more…than结构
“the+形容词 / 副词最高级+比较范围”结构
比较级的修饰语
比较的逻辑一致性
拉丁比较结构
Ⅱ.重点讲解
形容词 /副词的比
较结构是英语考试的考查要点。比较结构除了其基本形式之外,还有其
变体形式,因而呈现出较为复杂的
情况。形容词/副词的比较结构最主要的有三种:as…
as结构,more…than结构和the
most…结构。more…than结构和the
most…结构又有综
合式和分析式之分。综合式即在原级后加-
er,-est构成比较级和最高级;分析式即在原级
前加more,most构成比较级和最高级。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.This lesson is______than the last
one.
A)more easier B)more easy
C)very
easier D)much easier
2.He looks______than
he is.
A)more young B)more younger
C)much younger D)very younger
3.The
cost of one day in this hospital can run
______300.
A)so high to B)as high to
C)as high as D)so high as
4.______,the
worse I seem to feel.
A)When I take more
medicine B)The more medicine I take
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C)Taking more of the
medicineD)More medicine taken
5
.My
new glasses cost me______the last pair that I
bought.
A)times three B)three
times more than
C)three times as much as
D)as much three times as
6.You must write
as______as you can.
A)careful
B)carefully
C)more carefully D)more careful
7.Which do you like______,coffee,tea or
lemonade?
A)the best B)better
C)best
D)the better
8.I’ve never seen______before.
A)so beautiful sunset B)such a beautiful
sunset
C)such beautiful sunset D)as
beautiful sunset
9.This is______opportunity to
be lost.
A)too good B)too a good
C)too good an D)a too good
10.I never
heard______story.
A)more amusing B)the
more amused
C)a more amusing D)a more
amused
11.It’s ______film Ive ever seen.
A)more interesting B)most interesting
C)the most interesting D)a more interesting
12.The more he tried to help her,______she
seemed to appreciate it.
A)the less
B)the more less
C)the lesser D)the much
lesser
13.The fare was______than he thought it
would be.
A)less as expensive B)less
expensive
C)not as less expensive D)as less
expensive
14.The market______it had been in
the morning.
A)was as crowded B)was
not crowded as
C)wasn’t as crowded as
D)wasn’t so crowded
15.She was______anyone
could be.
A)such co-operative as B)very co-
operative that
C)most co-operative than
D)as co-operative as
16.
This sofa
isn’t comfortable,but that one
is______better.
A)rather B)less
C)ever
D)hardly
17.Americans now use______electrical
power per capita as the world average
A)as
much six times
B)more than six times
C)as
more than six times much
D)more than six times
as much
18.The moon is approximately 60
times______from the center of the earth as we
are.
A)as near as B)as far as
C)as
near D)as far
19.The sun must be made of
lighter stuff than the earth.If the earth
were______,it
would weigh four times as much.
A)bigger B)smaller
C)as bigger
D)as big as the sun
20.The thing that troubles
me______is my lung cancer.
A)most B)much
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C)very D)rather
21.John is______his friend.
A)no more rich
than B)not more rich than
C)no richer than
D)not rich than
22.The beauty of the city
is______words can describe.
A)more than
B)less than
C)no more than D)no less than
23.It is inferior in quality______what I
imagined.
A)than B)of
C)to D)with
24.Jim is______in both ability and learning.
A)superior than I B)superior to I
C)superior than me D)superior to me
25.Her skirt is______.
A)as pretty,if not
prettier than her sister
B)as pretty as,if not
prettier than,her sister’s
C)pretty as her
sister,if not prettier
D)pretty as her
sisters,if not prettier
26.Exercising is______
as any to lose unwanted weight.
A) good as a
way B) as good a way
C) as a good way
D) so good a way
27.There is______ a man who
lays down his life for his country.
A) no
greater love than that of
B) no greater love
than
C) no so greater love as that of
D)
no as greater love as that of
28
.John
and Tony are both very learned ,but Harry
is______.
A) the more clever B) the most
clever one
C) the cleverer one D) the
cleverest one
29.— Did you like the book I
gave you?
— ______the novels that Ive read,I
enjoyed this one the most.
A) Of all
B) All of
C) For all D) From all
30.It
is ______ the best solution to the problem.
A)
very B) a lot
C) so far D) by far
31.Finally, he chose ______ expensive of the
two cameras.
A) the most B) more
C)
the more D) most
looks older than me ,
but I am ten years ______ to him.
A) older
B) younger
C) senior D) young
33.The
more he looked at the picture, ______ .
A) the
less he liked it B) the better he likes it
C) less he liked it D) he liked it
better
34.This house is very big and
beautiful.I think the rent must be ______as that
one.
A) three times more B) as much
three times
C) three times as much D) as
three times much
35.The new manager was ______
calm and approachable ______his predecessor had
been
arrogant and aggresive.
A) not as…as
B) as…as
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C) not…so…as
D) more than
36.Miss Augustine is ______ as
you can wish to meet.
A) efficient a
secretary B) an as efficient secretary
C)
as efficient a secretary D) a secretary
efficient
37.The result of the complicated
experiment is ______as we had expected.
A)
as a success much B) much as a success
C)
as much a success D) as much of a success
38.The present crisis is ______ than an
economic crisis.
A) much more a political
B) much a more political
C) much more
political D) much more political crisis
39.Film directors can take ______ liberties in
dealing with concepts of time and
space than
stage directors can.
A)more greater B)the
greatest
C)far greater D)further great
40.Wind and rain continually hit against the
surface of the Earth, breaking large
rocks
into______ particles.
A)smaller and then
smaller B)small to smaller
C)smaller and
smaller D)little by little
第十三讲介词
I.学习重点
●对简单介词的考查
对短语介词的考查
对“介词与动词/形容词/名词的搭配”的考查
Ⅱ.重点讲解
介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词,用来表示其后的名词(或相当于名词的词、短语或从句)与其
他句子成分的关系。介词不能单独作句子成分,只有和其后的词(叫作介词宾语)构成介词短
语才能在句子中充当某些成分,如作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。按照介词的构成,
<
br>介词可分为3类:①简单介词,即由一个词构成的介词,如in,at,among等,其中包括由两
个简单介词组合成的合成介词,如inside,without,throughout等,还
包括由V-ing形式和
V-ed形式转化而来的分词介词,如considering,includ
ing,given等;②双重介词,它由
两
个简单介词组成,如among(从……当中),from
behind(从……的后面),until after
from
(直到……之后)等
;③短语介词,它由一个或两个简单介词和一个或几个其他词类
的词组
合成一个短语,作用相当于一个介词,短语介词的末尾总是一个简单介词,如according
to
,because of,in favour of,in spite
of等。对介词的考查主要体现在简单介词、短语介
词
及介词与其他词类的搭配上。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.He took my umbrella ______.
A)with mistake B)by mistake
C)in
mistake D)by fault
2.He
’s
sometimes bad-tempered but he is a good
fellow______.
A)by heart B)with heart
C)in heart D)at heart
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3.The speech was so long and
dull that I could hardly put up______it.
A)to B)upon
C)with
D)into
4
.The new TV set is
good,______some flashes on the
screen.
A)besides B)beyond
C)except
for D)outside of
5.Perhaps economy is
the solution______your financial troubles.
A)at B)to
C)on
D)for
6.Science has brought ______many changes
in our lives.
A)around B)about
C)forward D)back
7.My sister is
really enthusiastic______music.
A)about
B)on
C)with D)by
8.An objective
of Women’s Liberation is to do______unfair
discrimination
against women.
A)out
of B)away with
C)away from D)up
down
9
.I must apologize______not
answering your letter in time.
A)from
B)with
C)for D)in
10.She tried
to make up______the lost time______staying up
late.
A)for;by B)with;by
C)for;with D)with;with
11.His
honesty is______;nobody can doubt it.
A)out of
the question B)beside question
C)without
question D)in question
12.We should
prevent people ______shooting______birds.
A)from;at B)of;to
C)against;at
D)from;to
13.The ship was______the waves.
A)at the mercy of B)at the mercies of
C)at a mercy of D)at mercies of
14
.The child suffered______a severe
attack______influenza.
A)from;of
B)of;on
C)in;on D)with;by
15.You
may paraphrase this sentence______your own words.
A)by use B)use
C)with
D)in
16
.It is day______us while it is
night______the Americans.
A)on;at
B)with;for
C)to;since D)with;with
17.He didn’t go to the party______a variety of
reasons.
A)to B)at
C)for
D)on
18.To finish this task in three days
is______an easy job.
A)by no means B)by
any means
C)by all means D)by means of
19
.At yesterday’s
meeting,Mr.Lee______a reasonable plan.
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A)put up with B)caught
up with
C)kept up with D)came up with
20.______Mary,all the students have been
there.
A)With relevance to B)With the
exception of
C)Except that D)Similar
to
21.In some rural areas of our
country,machines have ______man in much
farmwork.
A)taken the place of B)taken
advantage of
C)taken for granted D)taken
into account
22.Theory is based on practice
and______serves practice.
A)in turn
B)in return
C)in vain D)in place
23.I______a friend in the city yesterday.
A)came across B)came around
C)came
up against D)came up to
24.They continued
to work______the heavy rain.
A)in course of
B)in spite of
C)in the event of D)in the
face of
25.This plan will be discussed______at
the next meeting.
A)at intervals B)at
large
C)at length D)at times
26.The two parties______a date for the next
talk.
A)agreed on B)agreed to
C)agreed with D)answered for
27.We
have our book printed______.
A)at our own
expense B)at our disposal
C)on our own
D)on our guard
28.An experienced engineer
is______the work.
A)in memory of B)in
the charge of
C)in honour of D)in charge
of
29.Preparations for the final examination
are______.
A)all the way B)under way
C)by the way D)in the way
30.I
have so much work to do that a holiday for me this
year is______.
A)out of the question
B)out of practice
C)out of date
D)out of question
31
.He didn’t take
part in the meeting______the heavy rain.
A)for
the sake of B)at the mercy of
C)on the
point of D)on the grounds of
32.Tom is
suffering______a fever,please______a doctor.
A)from;send for B)of;send off
C)in;send in D)about;send on
33.The plane was soon______in the sky.
A)out of sight B)out of doors
C)out
of breath D)out of date
34.He pretended to
be a newspaperman,but it didn’t take us long
to______him.
A)see through B)see
about
C)see for D)see to
35.A
lot of people ______tears when they heard the
famous scientist had passed
away.
A)burst
out B)burst into
C)burst upon
D)burst up
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36.To
develop light industry in a big way______improving
the living standard of
the people.
A)attributes to B)attaches to
C)distributes to D)contributes to
37.All arts______the imitation and study of
nature.
A)consist in B)consist of
C)consist with D)come of
38.
I didn’t say I like it.______,I was very much
against it.
A)To the contrary B)On the
contrary
C)In contrast with D)In comparison
with
39.In Britain,meat is sold______the
pound.
A)at B)in
C)with
D)by
40.
I prefer writing a term
paper______taking an examination.
A)rather than
B)to
C)for D)instead of
41.What have you to say in ______ what
happened yesterday?
A) response to B) right
of C) relation to D) the van of
42.Electricity is essential ______ modern
industry.
A) in B) fromC) for D) to
43.He climbed up into the tree and picked all
the fruit______reach.
A) near B)
withinC) inside D) at
44.
His ideas
were far in ______of the age in which he
lived.
A) addition B) advantageC) advance
D) adventure
45.Vingo obtained his release
from jail ______ the successful efforts of
his friends to prove his innocence.
A) in
accordance with B) as a result of
C) for
reasons of D) with the help of
46.Today,more and more people in the U.S.are
using credit cards ______of money
to buy the
things they need.
A) in spite B) becauseC.
instead D) ahead
you go there ______
pleasure or ______ business?
A) with…with
B) on…for C) for…on D) for…for
48.______
its hot sun and beautiful beaches,Hawaii is a fine
place to live in or
visit.
A) As B)
WithC) From D) For
49.It has been rather
costly to install the machinery ,but it will prove
to be worth
the money______.
A) in
conclusion B) in the long run C) at long last
D) at the end
50.It is not easy to tell
the true ______ the false.
A) from B)
withC) than D) off
51.We all agreed with
him ______his proposals for a Christmas party.
A) at B) forC) in D) on
52.We
congratulated colleague ______his engagement to
the beautiful film star.
our
A) for
B) aboutC) on D) in
53.Such a custom is not
peculiar ______ the British.
A)on B) inC)
of D) to
54.That student is very familiar
______all the works of Shakespeare and
Milton.
A) to B) withC) about D) in
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55.
Your
father is very angry ______ you staying out so
late.
A) for B) toC) with D) on
第十四讲连词
I.学习重点
并列连词的用法
从属连词的用法
Ⅱ.重点讲解
连词是一种虚词,它是用来连接词、短语或分句的词。根据连词本身的构成形式,连词可
分为4类:①简单连词,如
and,but,or,if,before,since等;②关联连词,如both…
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and,either…or,neither…nor,not
only…but also等;③短语连词,如as if,as soon as,as
well
as,so that,in case,in order that等;④分词连词,如
suppo
sing,considering,provided等。根据连词的句法功能,连词可分为并列连词和从属连词两类。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.Ten years have
passed______I began to learn English.
A)when
B)before
C)since D)after
2.The
reason for the traffic accident was ______one of
the drivers lost control
of his car.
A)because B)why
C)when
D)that
3.Everything happened______expected.
A)which B)that
C)as
D)and
4.If that idea is wrong,the project is
bound to fail,______good all the ot
her
ideas might be.
A)whatsoever B)whatever
C)though D)however
5.A man escaped
from the prison last night.It was a long
time______the guards
discovered what had
happened.
A)since B)until
C)when
D)before
6.A driver should slow
down______there are many houses.
A)where
B)when
C)till D)since
7.______the boys were discussing the car
accident,Ben put in that the road
was icy.
A)Since B)While
C)Where D)As soon as
8.We heard a loud sound of drums
beating______the parade marched.
A)till
B)where
C)while D)the moment
9.The
picture is not hanging______it should on the wall.
A)until B)when
C)wherever D)where
10.John didn’t plan in advance what to say but
made it up______he was asked
questions.
A)since B)where
C)as
D)till
11.______Charles started a job,he did
it______it was finished.
A)Since;where
B)Once;till
C)Each time;once D)The
moment;as
12.Dew is formed______the grass is
thick.
A)while B)when
C)where
D)until
13.I know the coatis unfashionable but
I’m not going to throw it away.I’ll
keep
it______that style comes into fashion again.
A)when B)since
C)until D)as
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14.______ more than one
hundred elements are known,only twenty-five of
them are
common and important.
A) Because
B) If
C) Although D) Whether
15.He put
colons______he should have put semicolons.
A)
though B) even if
C) whenever D)
wherever
16.
I enjoy travelling ______
I don’t have to drive too far.
A)lest
B)unless
C)if D)but
17.Some
members of the staff couldn’t handle Marry’s
condition,hard _______ they
tried.
A)as
B)although
C)when D)even if
18.
Government can’t operate effectively ______ it is
free from such
interference.
A)as
long as B)so that
C)unless
D)because
19.The time is not far away ______
modern communications will become
widespread in China’s vast countryside.
A)when B)as
C)until
D)before
20.______ you decide to take up,you
should try to make it a success.
A)If only
B)Unless
C)Whenever D)Whatever
21._______ the punishment was unjust,Helen
accepted it without complaint.
A)However
B)Even though
C)So long as D)Since
22._______ I admit that are problems,I don’t
think that they can’t be solved.
there
A)Unless B)Until
C)As D)W
n’press is unusual _______ it is divided into
two very different types
of newspapers:the
quality press and the popular press.
A)in how
B)in what
C)in which D)in that
24.We
often advise him not to drink more wine ______ is
good for his health.
A)as
B)than
C)that D)but
25.Society no
longer looks upon divoice ______ it did a century
ago.
A)no way B)any way
C)a way
D)the way
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第十五讲
It的用法
I. 学习重点
虚义it和先行it
It is
was+被强调成分+that who…句型
疑问词+is was
it+that…句型
Ⅱ.重点讲解
为了强调句子的某一成分,常用强调句型“It iswas…that who…”句型。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.It was with great joy ______ he
received the news that he had been enrolled into
the university.
A)since B)so
C)that
D)as
2.It is ______ that likes swimming.
A)I B)me
C)him D)he
3.It was not until 1997 ______ I was
interested in studying English.
A)when
B)what
C)that D)since
4.It was ______
did it.
A)I whom B)me whom
C)I who
D)me who
5.______ he’s doing is spoiling the
whole thing.
A)That B)How
C)Why
D)What
6
. ______ is it that makes him
always ready to help others?
A) What B)
Which
C) When D) How
7.It was ______ he
bought the book.
A)from a second-hand store
where
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B)a second-hand
store in which
C)in a second-hand store that
D)a second-hand store from where
8.It was
______ the telephone rang.
A)when she was
about to go out when
B)when she was about to
go out where
C)that she was about to go out
that
D)when she was about to go out that
9.It was in Germany ______ Einstein spent his
childhood.
A)where B)in which
C)that
D)during the time
10.
It was ______
late in the evening that Tom returned
home.
A)before B)when
C)till D)not
until
11.It was ______ that he went out.
A)although it was raining B)though it was
raining
C)since it was raining D)when it
was raining
12.______ absent from class today?
A)It is why she is B)It is why is she
C)Why it is that is she D)Why is it that
she it
13.Where ______ the first time?
A)was it that they met B)was it that did
they meet
C)was it where they met D)was it
that did they met
14.______ devised the
automatic production line?
A)Who was it that
B)Whom was it that
C)Who it was that he
D)Whom was it that him
15.______ Tom gave Jane
a handbag.
A)It was at Christmas when
B)It
is at Christmas where
C)It was at Christmas
since
D)It may have been at Christmas that
16.It is only when we look back on the past
that______appreciate the great
advances_____during this century.
A) can
we…makes B) we can …to be made
C) we
can…made D) can we…have made
17.It was
between 1937 and 1945______Chinese people had a
war against Japan.
A) when our B) that
our
C) that we D) which
18.It______Shakespeare______the English
language is so rich today.
A) is thanks
to…that B) is thanks to …who
C) thanks
to…whom D) was thanks to…that
19.More
often it is the President,and not the members of
his cabinet,______the
populace.
A) who
appeal to B) to whom appeal to
C) whom
appeals to D) who appeals to
20._______the
Europeans began to learn how to use the compass on
their ships.
A) It was not until the 12th
century when
B) Hardly it was the 12th century
than
C) No sooner it was the 12th century when
D) It was not until the 12th century that
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第十六讲关系从句
I.学习重点
关系代词的选用
关系副词的选用
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
“介词十关系代词”的用法
Ⅱ.重点讲解
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句,又叫作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的
名词或代词叫先行词。
用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。定语从
句一般放在先行词之后。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.Mont Blanc,______we visited
last summer,is the highest mountain in Europe.
A) where B) that
C) what
D) which
2.The University is different
from______it was before.
A) that B)
which
C) one D) what
3.Watch
the boy and the dog______are crossing the bridge.
A) who B) which
C) that
D) whom
4.He is the best man______I have
ever seen.
A) whom B) who
C)
that D) which
5.He failed his
exam,______proves that he wasn’t working hard
enough.
A) what B) of which
C) which D) this
6.His brother
had become a teacher,______he wanted to be.
A) which B) that
C) who
D) as
7.The Astronomical
Association______,meets once a week.
A) which
I am a member
B) of which I am a member
C) ,which I am a member
D) ,of which I am
a member
8. We’ve just installed a central
heating, ______ should make a tremendous
difference to the house next winter.
A)
what B) it
C) that D)
which
9. The days ______
you could
travel without a passport are a thing of the
past.
A) whenever B) wherever
C) on
which D) in which
10.The fire started on
the first floor of the hospital,many of ______
patients are
elderly and infirm(体弱的).
A)
whose B) which
C) its D)
their
11.The argumentative form of writing is
one ______ problems are discussed.
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A)of which B) in
which
C) which D) that
12.I
hope that the little ______ has been of some use.
A) which I have been able to do
B) that I
have been able to do
C) ,that I have been able
to do
D) what I have been able to do
13.Dante, ______ in the thirteenth century,was
an outstanding Italian poet.
A) who was
born B) that was born
C) which was born
D) whom was born
14.The man, ______ is parked
in front of our house,is a famous physician in
this
town.
A) the red car of which B)
of whom the red car
C) who’s red car
D) whose red car
15.The United States is
composed of fifty states,______ are separated from
the others
by land or water.
A) two of
these B) of whom two
C) two of which D)
two of who
16. I know of a compound ______
structure is like this.
A) whose B) that
C) which D) of whom
17.Hangzhou,______ we spent last spring,is one
of the most beautiful cities in
China.
A)
which B) that
C) where D)
when
18. The size of the audience, ______,was
well over twenty thousand.
A) whom we had
expected B) as we had expected
C) what we
had expected D) we had expected
19.The
meeting is put off till next month, ______.
A)
what is it exactly what we want
B) which is
exactly what we want
C) though it is exactly
what do we want
D) being it exactly what we
want
20.That is the place ______ when he was
there.
A) in where he lived B) in which he
lived in
C) which he lived in D) he lived
21.There is no one of us ______ to go.
A)
but wishes B) whoever wishes
C) but wishing
D) whom wish
22.The time will come ______ man
can fly to ______ he likes in the universe.
A) how;where B) when;wherever
C)
where;where D) what;which
23.Do you know
the student ______?
A) whom I often talk B)
with who I often talk
C) I often talk with
D) that I often talk
24.There are few areas
in the world ______ be grown successfully.
A) where apricots can B) that apricots
C) apricots that can D) where can apricots
25.Caves and hollow trees are not the only
places ______.
A) where are found bats B)
where bats are found in
C) where bats are
found D) in which bats to find
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26.This was the place ______
last year.
A) which I visited B) where I
visited
C) when I visited D) in which I
visited
27.Larry Chan ______, was here
yesterday.
A) whom we had heard so much
B)
,about whom we had heard so much
C) ,whom we
had heard so much
D) about whom we had heard
so much
28
. The audience,
______,enjoyed the performance very much.
A)
most of them were students
B) most of whom
were students
C) most of which were students
D) most of whom being students
29.That
tree, ______ are almost bare,is a very old one.
A) whose branches B) its branches
C) which’s branches D) on which the
branches
30.He studied hard at school when he
was young ______ contributes to his success
in
later life.
A) , which B) that
C)
which D) so that
31.
My
eldest sister ______ is now studying in the
University.
A) who is twenty B) , who is
twenty,
C) ,that is twenty, D) whose age is
twenty,
32.Mr Smith will move into his new
house next Monday,______ it will be completely
finished.
A) by that time B) by which
time
C) by then D) by the time
33.The reason ______
he gives for not
coming is that his mother wont let him.
A) for
which B) which
C) why D) about
which
34.Water enters into a great variety of
chemical reactions,______ have been
mentioned
in previous pages.
A) a few of it B) a
few of that
C) a few of them D) a few of
which
35.
The ______ why Elaine
didn’t turn up was not made clear.
A) cause
B) reason
C) matter D) excuse
36.She
has made another wonderful discovery,_______ of
great importance to
science.
A) of which I
think B) I think which is
C) which I think
is D) which it is
37.A harvester is a
machine _______ we harvest crops or a person
______ is
harvesting.
A) which.......who
B) with which.......who
C) that.......that
D) that.......who
38. The buses,_______ were
already full,were surrounded by an angry
crowd.
A) most of that B) which
most
C) most of which D) that most
39. Never say anything behind a person’s back
_______ you wouldn’t say to his
face.
A)
which B) what
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C) that D) as
40. The passengers
and the suitcases _______ were still waiting had
to be transferred
to another plane.
A) who
B) which
C) that D) what
41. She
spent all evening talking about her latest
book,_______ none of us had ever
heard.
A)
of what B) which
C) of which D)
that
42. An element is
a substance
all of _______ atoms have the same atomic
number.
A) that B) what
C) whose
D) which
43. Do you know the blacksmith,two
sons _______ died in the Civil War?
A)
which B) of whom
C) whom D)
of which
44. The doctors all blamed the
irresponsible boy _______ to protect the little
girl.
A) it was he that was B) it
was whose duty
C) whose duty was it
D) whose duty it was
45. Such people _______
you described are rare nowadays.
A) who
B) which
C) as D) that
第十七讲名词性从句
I.学习重点
主语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
表语从句
Ⅱ.重点讲解
在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中所起的语法作用,又
分为主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.We
do ______ our motherland asks us to do.
A)
that B) whichever C) whatever D) all
over
2.It is strange ______ she did not come
yesterday.
A) what B) that C) wherever
D) whenever
3.You should understand that our
principle is ______ the Party commands the
gun.
A) as if B) what C) how D)
that
4.The story is about ______ a nineyearold
boy managed to save a fiveyearold
girl in a
traffic accident.
A)how B)what C)however
D)why
5.It is essential ______ everybody
______ what to do.
A) that;know B)
when;know
C) that;knows D) when;knows
6.______ water is essential to life is common
sense.
A) What B) Which C) That D)
Whether
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7.It ______ I
remembered the address.
A) happened when
B) will happen when
C) happened tha D)
happens that
8.______ the ship sank has been a
mystery.
A) What B) As C)Why D)Since
9.It doesn’t make any difference to me ______.
A) that you say B) what you say
C)
in that you say D) for what you say
10
.I can’t figure out ______ all of her
information means.
A) what B) nearly C)
that D) those
11.He gave ______ came to the
door a winning smile.
A) all B) those C)
whom D) whoever
12.The point ______ will
go,but who will stay.
A) who B) is not
who
C) that is D) to who
13.He paid no
attention to the doctors recommendation ______
smoking.
A) that he stopped B) why he
would stop
C) how he had stopped D) that he
stop
14. We have to face the fact ______ most
of us have been brought up to consume certain
foods and we stick to them all our lives.
A) that B) which
C) for what
D) for that
15.
______ some mammals
came to live in the sea is not known.
A) As
B) Since C) Although D) When
16.Everybody is ______ all military adventures
by the superpowers are doomed to
failure.
A) conscious of the fact that B) conscious
of that
C) conscious of D)
known that
17.He knew nothing about her
journey ______ she was likely to be away for two
months.
A) except for B) except
C) except that D) except this that
18.— I don’t like your attitude.
— I
don’t care ______.
A) if or not you like it
B) do you like it or not
C) whether you like
it or not D) you like it or not
19.Things are
not always ______ they seem to be.
A) since
B) as C) for D) that
20
.I
consider ______ that I should do my best to help
them.
A) my duty B) what my duty
C) to be my duty D) it my duty
21.______ doctors can save the man’s life.
A) It is unlikely whoever B) It is
unlikely that
C) It is unlikely whomever
D) That is unlikely that
22.I ______ they were
not coming.
A) took it for granted that B)
took for granted how
C) took for granted that
D) taking to the fact that
23.He got up too
late with the result ______ he missed the morning
train.
A) when B) how C) why D)that
24
.The reason I did not go to France
was ______ a new job.
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A) because I got B) due to
C) because of
getting D) that I got
25.There are many
reasons ______ I can’t help you.
A) that
B) why C) for D) to
26.
It
is a wonder to me ______ they survived the
earthquake.
A) where B) why C) what D)
that
27.When we are frightened and
worried,our bodies produce certain chemicals
to help us fight ______ troubling us.
A)
how is that B) which is
C) what is
D) whichever
28. My father was sure ______ I
would overcome my fears.
A) that B) what
C) as D) which
29. Are you certain that
this is ______ in his speech?
A) Mr Lee
stressed B) what Mr Lee has stressed
C)
Mr Lee has stressed D) which Mr Lee has stressed
30.The time for the general offensive was
approaching.The commander’s order soon
came
______ all civilians evacuate(撤离) the village.
A) that B) when C) before D) as
31. He wondered what _______.
A) will be
his wife’s reaction
B) would be his wife’s
reaction
C) would his wife’s reaction be
D) his wife’s reaction would be
32. Has
_______ been settled who will be sent to carry out
the task?
A) it B) that
C) which D) what
33.
_______it will do us harm or good remains to be
seen.
A) If B) Whether
C)
That D) Which
34. The old lady
told her sufferings to _______ she met.
A)
whoever B) whom that
C) whomever
D) whichever
35. _______as much as onefourth
of all timber harvested is not used.
A)
They are estimated B) They estimating that
C)
It is estimated that D) The estimation that
36. _______ is related to illness is not a new
discovery.
A) The food B) That food
C) What food D) Which food
37. I’m
fully confident _______ you can overcome those
difficulties.
A) that B) why
C) which D) if
38. It is the
firm belief of astronomers _______ there are
living creatures on other
planets.
A)
which B) where
C) that
D) what
39. _______ such a total wreck seems
miraculous.
A) The driver could surviveB) That
the driver survived
C) When the driver
survivedD) Why the driver survived
40. Many
newspapers printed the governor’s statement
_______ would support a tax
cut.
A) and he
B) which he
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C)
therefore he D) that he
第十八讲状语从句
I.学习重点
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
让步状语从句
条件状语从句
目的状语从句
比较状语从句
方式状语从句
程度结果状语从句
Ⅱ.重点讲解
在句子中起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句可位于主句前(通常用逗号与主句隔开)
,也可位于主句之后(不需用逗号隔开)。状语从句可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、
方式、比较、目的和结果等意义。不同的状语从句要求用不同的从属连词或相当于从属连词
的词组引出。因此,可以说,掌握状语从句用法的关键在于熟记引导各种状语从句的从属连
词和词组。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.______ we have all the
material ready,we should begin the new task at
once.A)
Since that B) Since then
C)
By now D) Now that
2.______ you go,
______ you do,I will be right here waiting for
you.
A) Whatever;wherever B)
Wherever;whatever
C) Whenever;whichever D)
Where ;what
3.Take this baggage and ______
you can find enough space.
A) put it which
place B) put it wherever
C) put it which
D) put it there
4.______ nobody was
enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the
trip.
very
A) Seen that B)
Seeing that
C) So D) When
5.It was ______ everyone went to the beach.
A) such a hot weather so B) such
hot weather that
C) a hot enough
weather so that D) a very hot weather
6.We
had to put the meeting off ______ so many comrades
were absent.
A) unless B) since
C) as far as D) though
7.The fuel
must have been finished, ______ the engine
stopped.
A) since B) as
C)
because D)for
8.______,Betty did not
accept Bert’s proposal.
A) A fool though he is
B) Fool what he were
C) A fool since he was
D) Fool that he is
9.I can’t altogether agree
______.
A) while you may be right B) though
you may be right
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C)
while you were right D) while you are right
10.______, he could not solve the problem at
once.
A) Whenever he were here B) Though
were he here
C) Even if he were here D)
Whether he were
11.You can come with me to
the museum ______ you don’t mind walking for half
an
hour.
A) so far as B) unless
C) except D) if
12.______
that factory was set up,my brother has been an
engineer there.
A) While B)
Since
C) Till D) Whenever
13.
The more I looked at the painting
in water colours,______.
A) the more I liked it
B) more I liked it
C) I liked it more
D) it looked better
14.We won’t change our
minds ______ happens.
A) which B)
it
C) however D) whatever
15.He
had to borrow a little money from his uncle ______
he could finish his education
without working.
A) when B) that
C) so that
D) in order to
16.It was ______ a hundred
people could live in it.
A) too large room
that B) so a large room that
C) such
large a room that D) so large a room that
17.Some of the stars are ______ far away
______ it is impossible for us to
measure
them.
A) such.......that B)
so.......that
C) too.......that D)
too.......enough
18.______ he had discovered
his error,he made the necessary correction of
his data.
A) As soon as B) In
order that
C) No matter how D) Even if
19.______ people say, I am sure that he is
innocent.
A) Whoever B) Whatever
C) However D) Whenever
20.You
will be welcomed no matter ______ you come.
A)
how B) what
C) when
D) who
21.The student puts up his hand ______
I ask a question.
A) all time B)
every time
C) by the time D) in time
22.It was necessary to extend the factory
building ______ the company was doing
more and
more business.
A) until B) lest
C) although D) as
23.______ we
have no money,we can’t buy the freezer.
A)
However B) Since
C) For
D) Because of
24.Peter worked hard day and
night ______ he could pay for the lost car.
A) in order that B) as long as
C) the
moment D) not until
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25.______difficult it may
be,we can finish it in time.
A) Whatever
B) No matter who
C) No matter how D) No
matter what
26. They didn’t allow their son
to swim in the sea _______ he might have an
accident
some day.
A) so that
B) besides
C) otherwise D) for fear
that
27. _______ the dictionary,he could not
afford to buy it.
A) He liked very much
B) As he liked much
C) Much as he liked
D) Liked as he
28. There are _______ few
schools in that area that they cannot enroll
_______ many students.
A) such...so
B) so...so
C) such...such D)
so...such
29. _______ the Atlantic Ocean
crosses the equator,the trade winds cause a flow
of water to the west.
A) Where
B) That
C) And D) At
30.
_______ that there was no possibility of avoiding
a crash,the fishermen decided
to dive into the
sea.
A) because of B) Owing to
C)
Seeing D) As a result
31. He had
_______ education when young owing to his poor
family background that
he finds that he is not
up to his present job.
A) such a little
B) so little an
C) such little D) so
little
32. _______ I sympathize with you,I’m
afraid there is little I can do.
A) No
matter B) While
C) If
D) Because
33. _______,he never helps the
poor.
A) As he is rich B) He,though is
rich
C) Rich as he is D) He is rich
34. You can fly to London this evening _______
you don’t mind changing
planes in Paris.
A) so far as B) unless
C)
provided D) except
35. They went
_______ they could find work.
A) the place
B) that
C) wherever D) and
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第十九讲倒装句
I.学习重点
以so neither nor no more开头的倒装句
以only强调状语的倒装句
以否定词开头的倒装句
省略了if的倒装的虚拟条件从句
there be存在倒装句
as though引导的倒装的让步状语从句
as 引导的倒装的原因状语从句
so such…that引导的程度
结果状语从句
however引导的让步状语从句
以表示“地点”的介词短语开头的倒装句
以be开头的让步状语从句
动词原形+疑问词+主语+may will表示的让步状语从句
程度 频度状语在句首的倒装句
V-ing形式 / V-ed形式在句首的倒装句
Ⅱ.重点讲解
英语最基本的语序是“主语+谓语动词”,这叫作正常语序或自然语序。如果谓语动词放到
<
br>主语之前,这就是倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,就形成全部倒装;如果只是把助动
词放在
主语之前,这称为部分倒装。倒装的原因有两个:语法的需要和修辞的需要。英语
倒装句是历年英语考试的重点之一。
Ⅲ.自测题
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1.______ the first to use
nuclear weapons.
A) Will China never be B)
At no time will China be
C) Never China will
be D) At no time China will be
2.Only when
you have sufficient data ______ come to a sound
conclusion.
obtained
A) you will B)
you can
C) can you D) would you
3.Hardly ever ______ get a good job these days
without a good education.
A) have people
B)people can
C) people might D) do people
4.Only yesterday ______ what was going on.
A) did I realize B) had I realized
C) I
realized D) I did realize
5.Under no
circumstances ______ cheques.
A) we can accept
B) can we accept
C) we will accept D) we
could accept
6.Hardly ______ when I had a new
problem to cope with.
A) had I arrived B) I
had arrived
C) have I arrived D) I arrived
7.Wood does not conduct electricity,______.
A) so doesn’t rubber B) also doesn’t rubber
C) nor does rubber D) nor rubber does
8.I failed to catch the train,______.
A)so
Mary did B) so did Mary
C)neither did
Mary D) neither Mary did
9.______,you won’t
be able to do it alone.
A)However you try hard
B)You try hard however
C)However hard you try
D)Hard you try however
10.By no means ______
create or destroy energy.
A) we can B) we
can’t
C) can we D) shall we
11.Rarely
______ such a silly thing.
A) have I heard of
B) I have been heard of
C) have I been heard
of D) I have heard of
12.No sooner had they
heard the alarm ______ to the fire spot.
A) when they rushed B) than did they rush
C) when did they rush D) than they rushed
13.Not until 1876 ______.
A) was the first
turbine engine invented
B) the first turbine
engine was invented
C) the first turbine
engine had been invented
D) had the first
turbine engine been invented
14. Scarcely
______ when the assassins shot him down.
A) he
did finish his election address
B) had he
finished his election address
C) did he finish
his election address
D) he had finished his
election address
15. Not once ______ his view
of life.
A) the gentleman mentioned that
B) has the gentleman being mentioned
C)
did the gentleman mention
D) the gentleman
mentioned
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16. ______,
I must do another experiment.
A) So late it be
ever B) Be it ever so late
C) It is ever
so late D) It be ever so late
17. ______
run fast.
A) Not every horse can B) Not can
every horse
C) Not every horse D) Not
does every horse
18.So ______ that his father
gave him permission.
A) earnest did the boy
beg B) earnest the boy begged
C)
earnestly did the boy beg D) earnestly the boy
begged
19.So ______ that it is hard for us to
imagine its speed.
A) fast light travels B)
fast does light travel
C) light travels fast
D) does light travels fast
20.To such lengths
______ with his dirty stories that everybody began
to be
disgusted.
A) did he go B) he
did go
C) he went D) had he went
21.
______in your place, I would give it up early.
A) Was I B) I was
C) Were I D) I
were
22. ______ is the volume of chemical
goods.
A) Constantly growing too B) Too
constantly growing
C) Growing constantly too
D) Too growing constant
23.Not only ______
affected by the new law.
A) are men but
also are women B) are men but also women
C) men but also are women D) men but
also women are
24. Little difficulty ______ in
performing the operation.
A) we met
B) we met with
C) did we meet D) did not
we meet with
25.To this class of substances
______ glass,wood,etc.
A) is belong B) are
belonged to
C) belong D) belongs
26.What Tom did was important,but ______.
A) more important the way of he did things was
B) the way of he did things was more important
C) more important was the way he did things
D) more important the way were he did things
27.Don’
t be disappointed.You can’t do
it, ______ anybody else.
A) neither can I,nor
can B) nor can I,nor can
C) nor can
I,neither can D) neither can I,nor can
28.Come and work for our company.Nowhere else
______ such a good place to develop
your
knowledge.
A) can you find B) you find
C) you can find D) find you
29. If my
husband refuses to sign the papers,______.
A)
neither will I B) I will so
C) neither I
will D) so will I
30. ______ a certain
doubt among the students as to the necessity of
the work.
A) There existed B) It
existed
C) There had D) They had
31.
______,it is quite easy to drill
a hole in it with lazer.
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A) As diamond is hard B) Although hard
diamond is
C) Hard as diamond is D)
However diamond is hard
32. ______,I will
learn it well.
A) However difficult English is
B) No matter how difficult is English
C)
However English is difficult
D) No matter how
English is difficult
33. ______ received law
degrees as today.
A) Never so many women have
B) Never have so many women
C) Women so
many have never
D) Women who have never
34. ______ will Mr.Forbes be able to regain
control of the company.
A) Only with hard
work B) Only if he works hardly
C) With
hard work D) In spite of his hard work
35. ______ the serious consequences of the
accident.
A) Nothing did she realize B)
Little did she realize
C) Never she realized
D) Ever she realized
36._______in the hospital
that he paid no attention to the sufferings in the
wards.
A)He had worked too many years
B)For so many years he had worked
C)For so
many years had he worked
D)For many years had
he worked
37.Very important in the farmers
life_______.
A)the radio weather reports is
B)the radio weather report are
C)is the
radio weather report
D)are the radio weather
report
38._______to all
these
distractions was the constant road noise from
highways.
A)Adding B)Added
C)To add D)Having added
39.Three miles away from the sea______which
used to be a paradise of migratory
birds.
A )the farm lay B)lay the farm
C)did
the farm lie D)the farm did lie
40.Only in
recent years when the global climate is becoming
warmer and warmer_____to
notice the grave
situation of the atmosphere.
A)people have
begun B)that people began
C)have people
begun D)and people do begin
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mince-hung
交错的近义词-嗔怪的意思
healthy-伛偻
disrupt-干燥的反义词
初二生物下册知识点-怦然心动英语
existentialism-大寒是什么意思啊
格兰美-毫秒表
decision怎么读-夏时制时间
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