华丽血时代-螺纹磨床
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三级语法考点归纳
一． 虚拟语气
1. if 句中虚拟形式
if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：
条件
从句 主句
与现在相反 did (be
were) would should might could do
与将来相反
did (be were) would should might could do
与过去相反 had done would should
might could have
done
例句
If we left
(leave) now, we should arrive in time.
If they
hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have
been broken (break) into.
2. 原形虚拟：
a.
表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest,
demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist,
command, require, request,
desire …… that
＋(should) do
例如 He suggested that we should
leave early.
My suggestion is that we should
tell him.
b. It is (was) 形容词名词that …… (should)
do
例如 It is absolutely essential that all the
facts be examined first.
3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：
1.
It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that)
…动词过去时…
例如 It’s time we left. 例如 It is time
we went to bed.
2 would rathersooner 宁愿
as if though 好像
would
rathersooner 谓语用过去时
与现在或者将来相
反
as if though
谓语用过去完成时 与过去相反
4．练习
1. I _______ try
it again if I_______you.
A. will； am
B. should； am C. would； were D.
would； had been
2. If it _______ not for
the water， the plants _______live.
A. were；
would not B. is； could not C. were； could
D. did；
could not
3. If I _______ that
chance to show my ability, I _______the president
of this
school.
A. have not had； could not
become B. had not had； would not have
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become
C. did not have；
could not become D. doesn’t have； will not
become
4. He _______ by that burglar if you
_______ to save him.
A. might have been
killed； hadn’t come B. will be killed； didn’t
come
C. may be killed； did’t come
D. could be killed； haven’t come
5. If it
_______for your help， I _______that hard time with
so little money.
A. were not； would not spend
B. is not； can not spend
C. had not been；
would not have spent D. have not been； will
not
spend
6. Where _______ you go if war
_______?
A. will； breaks out
B. do； will break out
C. would； were to break
out D. will； is to break out
7.
She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.
A. doesn’t do B. didn’t do C.
haven’t done D. hadn’
t done
8. The
chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put
off.
A. can be B. be C. is
D. will be
9. It is vital that he _______
immediately.
A. should go B. must go
C. goes D. went
10. It is time we
_______do our homework.
A. begin to B.
can begin to C. began to D. will begin
to
答案：
1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设) (译文;
如果我是你，我会再
试一次)
2选A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。(译文
：要是没有水，植物
就不能存活。)
3. 选B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。
4
A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼
杀了。)
5.
C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段
艰苦岁月的。)
6.选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？)
7.选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。)
8.
选B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延
期举行。)
9.
选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is ／ was + 形容词 + that 引导的分句)。
10. 选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time
(that)...句型。(译文：我们该开始做作
业了。)
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二．动词的时态
1. 各个时态动词基本变形
一般现在时 现在进行时
现在完成时 现在完成进行时
be(is,am,are) be (isamare)+
havehas done havehas been doing
dodoes doing
一般过去时
waswere
did
一般将来时
will
do
过去进行时
waswere doing
将来进行时
will
do
过去完成时
had done
过去完成进行时
had
been doing
将来完成 将来完成进行时
will have done
will have been doing
过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时
would have done would have been
doing
一般过去将来时 过去将来进行时
would do would be doing
2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配
一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。
always ,usually, sometimes, 一般现在时
dodoes am
is are
last week,
yesterday, a few days ago 一般过去时 did
was were
next week, tomorrow, in a week,
this year 一般将来时 will do
now, at present,
at this moment 现在进行时 be +doing
so
far, up to now, by the time, since的主句 现在完成时
hashave done
3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空
1. He
_______ (be) eighteen next year.
2. It _______
(rain) every day so far this month.
3. Mozart
_______ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.
4. If it _______ (rain) tomorrow，we’ll have to
stay at home.
5. How fast _______ he _______
(drive) when the accident happened?
6. By the
time Mr. Smith left school，he _______ (teach) that
course for twenty-five
years.
7. Perhaps
he _______ (finish) reading the book by this time
tomorrow.
1. 填will be。 next
year为表示将来时态的时间状语
2. 填has rained。so
far是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。
3. 填wrote。Mozart
(莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。
4.
填rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。
5.
填was...driving。 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。
6. 填had
taught。句中有by the time Mr. Smith left
school，主语的谓语应用过去
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完成时。
7. 填will
have finished。 句中有by this time
tomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完
成时。
三 动词的被动语态
1. 各个时态的被动语态
时一般现在现在进行一般过去进一般将过去将现在过去现在完将来完成时
态 时 时
过去行时 来时 来时 完成完成成进行
时 时 时 时
主
动
do
amisare did
doing
was
were
doing
will would has had
do do have done
done
has
have
been
doing
will have
been done
will have
done
被
amisare amisare was was will would has
had
being were were be be have been
动
done
done done being done done been done
done done
1. The construction of the
library_______ before the end of next month.
A. must have completed B. must have
been completed
C. must be completed
D. must complete
2. The subject of these
lectures _______ by the lecture committee.
A.
announces B. have been announced
C. announced D. has been
announced
3. My pictures _______ until next
week.
A. won’t develop B. aren’t
developing
C. don’t develop D. won’t be
developed
4. They _______ so that we wouldn’t
recognize them.
A. costumed B. disguised
C. were disguising
disguised
5. All
the apparatus (器械) _______ before the experiment
began.
A. had been prepared B. were prepared
C. had been prepared D.
had prepared
6. The world’s supplies of copper _______ .
A. have been gradually being exhausted B.
has gradually exhausted
C. are gradually
exhausted D. are being gradually exhausted
7. The goods _______ when we arrived at the
airport.
A. were just unloading
B. were just being unloaded
C. had just
unloaded D. were just been
unloaded
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8. Tom _______
the best student in his class.
A. regards
B. regards as C. has regarded as D. is
regarded as
9. The sports meeting _______
because of the bad weather.
A. put off
B. was put off C. was putted off D.
has put
off
1.
C。情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done。(译：到下月底图书馆的修建
必须完工)
2.D现在完成时的被动语态为：have been+done
(译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会
宣布了。)
3. D。一般将来时的被动语态为：will
be+done，其否定形式为：will not be +done
4.D一般过去时的被动语
态为waswere+过去分词(译:为了不让我们认出来,他们
伪装了起来)
5.
C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：had been+过去分词。
6.
D现在进行时的被动语态为：areisam
being+过去分词。(译:世界的铜资源正
逐渐被耗尽)
7.B。过去进行时的被动语态为：was／were
being+过去分词。(译:我们到机场时
正在卸货物。)
8. D。
(译文：汤姆被认为是班里最好的学生。)
9. B。(译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。)
四 定语从句
1.定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中
做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰
的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由
关系词（关系
代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose,
that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
例题：The Social Security Retirement Program is
made up of two trust funds，
_______ could go
penniless by next year.
A. the large one
B. the larger of which
C. the largest one
D. the largest of which
选B。因为前面有two，所以不能选D，
A没有连接手段，也不能选。
三级试题中定语从句的考题：
1、I tried
to get of the business _____ I found impossible to
carry on.
A) why B)which C)what
D)where
2、Once more I have to leave Beijing
, _____ I have been living for eight years.
A) that B)where C)which D)as
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3、This book is designed for the
leaners_____native languages are not English.
A)whose B)which C)who D)what
4、She
got to know the young man very well_____she had
worked for so long.
A)to whom B)in
whom C)whom D)with whom
5、The
hotel_____during the vacation was rather poorly
managed.
A)as I stayed B)where I
stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed
6、There are so many dresses there that I really
don’t know____to choose.
A)whether
B)when C)which D)why
7、I think that
Anna is_____far the most active member in our
group.
A)with B)at C)as
D)by
五．倒装
1. 当only 放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装
例：Only in this way can you solve this problem.
只有用这种方法，你才可以解
决这个问题。
Only yesterday did I
finish the book. 到昨天我才读完那本书。
2.
具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装。常见的否定词有：never,
seldom,
rarely, little, hardly, not until, by no means,
not only, neither, no sooner,
hardly等。
例句：Never shall I forget the days when you were
with us.
1、Olny when we had finished all the
work_____that it was too late to take a bus
home.
A)did we realize
B)informing C)informed D)to inform
2、Not until the day before yesterday_____to give a
speech at the meeting.
A)he agreed
B)does he agree C)he agrees D)did he agree
3、Young_____he is, he has proved to be an
able sale sman.
A)that B)who
C)as D)which
4、Not until
yesterday_____anything about the project that will
be completed
soon.
A)did I learn
B)have I learnt C)I learnt D)that I
learnt
5、He is used to flying by air and on
no occasion_____frightened.
A)he has
ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he
feel D)has
he ever felt
6、So_____after she learned the good news that she
could hardly fall asleep that
night.
A)excited the mother was B)was
the mother excited
C)the mother was
excited D)excited was the
mother
7、So loudly_____that people could
hear it out in the street.
A)did the
students play the music B)the
students playing the
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music
C)the students played the music
D)have the students
played the music
六．it的用法
作形式主语或者形式宾语
It is necessary
for us to learn English. it这里指代to learn English
It was not very clear what she meant. it这里指代
what she meant
2. it 在强调句型
强调句型的结构为： It
iswas +被强调部分+ that(who) +句子的其余部分
练习1. It was
only when I read his poems recently _______ I
began to appreciate
their beauty.
A. until
B. that C. then D. so
选B。
强调句型强调when引导的时间状语从句。
was about 600 years ago
_______the first clock with a face and an hour
hand was
made.
A. that B. until C.
before D. when
选A。 强调句型强调时间状语。
七．形容词比较级 比较级
最高级
1.不规则变法 goodwell better
best
bad worse
worst
manymuch more
most
little less
least
2. 形容词比较级结构
(1) 形容词+than
例句：Real friendship is more valuable
than
money. (2) the +形容词比较级，the + 形容词比较级 例句：The more
medicine I take
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