agreement英语语法

Subject-verb Concord主谓一致
一、 主谓一致：指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系。
二、 三种原则：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近原则
1、语法一致：主要表现在数的形式上——主语中 心词是复数动词用复数形式；主
语中心词是单数或不可数名词，动词用单数。
e.g. Both boys have their own merits.
Few students are really lazy.
Each boy has his own book.
Every girl comes on time.
2、意义一致原则：有时主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单复数意义。
e.g. The government have asked the country to decide by a vote.
Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.
Fifty-six dollars was stolen.

. The old _____ (be) being taken good care of there.
. The young ___ (be) the hope of our country.
3、就进原则：有时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词的单复数形式。
Either my brothers or my father is coming.
Only one out of five were present.
No one except his own supporters agree with him.
三、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
1、有些疾病名称（arthritis关节炎 bronchitis支气管炎rickets腮腺炎diabetes糖尿病）
用单数。Arthri tis is a disease causing pain and swelling in the joints of the body.
2、表示游戏名称的名词常做单数用

Darts(投镖游戏) is essentially a free and easy game.
但也有一些游戏名称作复数用。Cards are not allowed here.
3、以-ics结尾的学科名称用单数（physics, mathematics, politics, economics, athletics）
但这些词表示学科以外的意义时作复数用。
Athletics (体育运动) have been greatly promoted at this college.
4、以-s结尾的地理名称: 国名（the United States, the United Nations）——单数
群岛，山脉，海峡， 瀑布——复数（the West India西印度群岛， the Himalayas喜
马拉雅山脉， the Straits of Gibraltar直布罗陀海峡）
5、其他：scissors剪子pincers钳子gl asses眼镜shorts短裤trousers裤子suspenders
吊带裤，这些词假如不带 “一副”“一把”“一条”等单位词而单独使用——复数
Joe’s new trousers are black and white.
A pair of shoes costs 5 dollars.
四、以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题。
集体名词 family, team, class, group, government, enemy, company, committee 等
被看作一个主题时, 谓语动词用单数. 如看作一个个成员, 谓语动词用复数.
集体名词 people , police 只当复数用, 谓语动必须要用复数 .
The police are searching for the thief.
Machinery, equipment, merchandise商品——单数
Audience, committee, class, family, public等词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词
A committee of a panel of a board of +复数名词——单数
五、并列短语作主语
1、Andboth…and…——复数 但（ham and egg, bread and butter等表单数意义）
也有一些省略情况：what I say and think are no business of yours.
2、用 and 连接的并列主语被each, every, many a或no修饰时，谓语动词 用单数。
Each doctor and each nurse ____ (were was) given a new shirt.

No sound and no voice ___(is are) heard.
3、由or, nor, either…or.., neither… nor…, not only…but also…——就进原则
4、主语+as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等引导的从属结构时，或主语
+as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等，随后的动词形式
依主语本身的单复数而定。
His brother rather than his parents is to blame.
No one except two girls was late for dinner.
六、表数量概念的名词词组作主语
Ten miles is a god distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。
1、分数百分数+of 依of后的名词类别而定
Two-third of the swampland(沼泽)has been reclaimed(开垦)for farming.
Thirty-five percent of the doctors were women.
2、两数相减或相除——单数，相加或相乘——复数或单数
Forty minus fifteen leaves twenty-five.
Divide除 plusand加 time乘
3、one in one out of +复数名词：正式体中——单数；非正式体——就近原则
4、表非确定数量的名词词组：
all of, some of, none of, half of, most of——依后面的词而定
lots of, heaps of, loads of, scads of, plenty of表许许多多，依后面的词而定
a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of——单数
限定词+kindtypesort of+单数不可数名词——单数

七、其他

More ＋复数名词 ＋than one ＋和 more than one ＋单数名词的意义相同，均表示
“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。
More students than one were punished. ＝More than one student was punished.

1、what, who, why, how, whether引导的名词性从句作主语——单数
What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
2、to do doing 作主语——单数
To eat well is all he asks.
3、不定代词 anyone someone ,everyone, nobody, something, anything, no one , each ,
the other 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
Someone ____(want )to see you.
Everything ___ (be) ready.
Nobody _____ (be) in the classroom.

八、练习
1. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle.
A. are B. is C. were D. has (C86)
2. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with twelve people in all.
A. is B. are C. being D. was (C85)
3. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known(C86)
4. Not only I but also Jane and Mary __ tired of having one exam after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be (C89)
5. A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift.

A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
3. All but one ____ here just now. A. is C. has been D. were
1. On the wall______ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging (C85)
2. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander
said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept (C85)
6. All but one _____ here just now.
9. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for
different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
10. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided
number of students in this school ______ by 5% every year.
A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises
4.E-mail, as well as telephones, ____ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are played D. play
you or the headmaster ____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out
is one of the few girls who _____ in the kindergarten.
A. is well paid B. are well paid
C. is paying D. are paid well
10._____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
_____ no life on the moon.
A. is said to have B. are said to have

C. is said to be D. are said to be
13 . ----Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university.
----So do I.
A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped
14. A group of _______ are eating ____ and ____ at the foot of the hill.
A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves
C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs
15. All the ____ are made of _______, not plastics.
A. glass; glass B. glasses; glass
C. glass; glasses D. glasses; glasses
16. It was he and I who _____ at your house yesterday.
A. was B. am C. were D. is
17. All means that _____ possible _____ been used to save him
A. is; have B. were; have C. was; has D. are; has
1. Her advice _______ useful to me. ( be )
2. Laying eggs _______ the queen ant’s full-time job. ( be )
3. Everyone_______Tom and Mary will get married next month. (know)
4. Nothing ______ been done to stop the lake from being polluted.
(have)
5. Either of the rooms ____ big enough.( be )
6. More than one person _____ killed in the accident. ( be )
7. More questions than one _______ been asked. ( have)
8. A poor woman together with her four children ______ found begging in the street.
( be )
9. The professor, including all of his students ______gone abroad. ( have)

10. Two hours _____ enough for us to finish the work. ( be )
11. One hundred dollars a month _____ not a high pay. ( be )
12. Arabian Nights _____ a book popular with the young children. ( be )
13. Politics _______ not easy for the students to learn well. ( be )
14. The youth ______ fond of rock ’n roll music. ( be )
15. Fifty tons of coal _______ wasted in the factory last year. ( be )
16. A large quantity of new machines _______ been bought by the factory this year.
( have )
17. Collecting stamps and playing the guitar _____ my hobbies.
18. Each boy and each girl ______ to finish the work on time. ( be )
19. What they needed _____ some water. ( be )
20. Nearly 60 percent of the students in our class____ boys. ( be )
21. More than two thirds of the surface of the earth___ covered by water. ( be )
22. Neither my parents nor my sister _______ known the secret. ( have )
23. There ___ some water and stones in the bottle. ( be )、
对比选项
1．a. He is the only one of the students that _______ got full mark.
b. He is one of the students that ______ got full make.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
2. a. Three fourths of the teachers present _____ against the plan.
b. Three fourths of the surface of the earth ______covered with water.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. a. The famous singer and dancer ____ our party this evening.
b. The famous singer and the famous dancer _____ our party this evening.
A. are going to attend B. was to attend

C. were to attend D. is going to attend
4. a. A number of students ____ from the country.
b. The number of students _____ 900.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
5. a. Where and when to have the party _____ not been decided yet.
b. What I say and think _____ nothing to do with you.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
6. a. Many a boy ______ this kind of bicycle.
b. Many boys ______ this kind of bicycle.
A. like B. likes
7. a. All but one ________ here now.
b. There is nothing unusual. All _____ going well.
A. has B. is C. have D. are
8. a. What she wants ____ more time.
b. What she wants ____ more sheep.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
9. a. I can work out two of the five problems, but the rest ______ too difficult for me.
b. I have finished one third of the work and the rest_____ left for you.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
10. a. The population of the small country _____ 600,000.
b. Two thirds of the population in this small country____ farmers.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
11. a. The basketball team ______ baths now.
b. The basketball team ______ 5 members.
A. has B. is having C. are having D. have