大学英语语法练习

例3：Often very annoying weeds ,___and act as hosts to many insect pests.
(A) that crowd out less hardy plants than goldenrods
(B) crowding out less hardy plants by goldenrods
(C) the goldenrod's crowding out of less hardy plants
(D) goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants
分析：空格后面是and, 句中缺少与and并列的谓语动词。A只有从句没有主句;
B,C分别是分词和名词短语, 无法与动词act并列; D 包含主语的同位语
goldenrods和谓语动词crowd。
同位语考试形式三：主谓宾后面出现一个名词，那么名词可以作宾语或者表语的
同位语
例1：Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than___eastern Nebraska.
(A) does (B) in (C) it does in (D) in it does
分析：than引导比较状语从句，空格后面是个专有名词，肯定是比较从句的主语，
空格处明显缺从句 的谓语动词，只有（A）符合条件，故选（A）。注意than eastern
Nebraska does 是正确的语序，但是原文中使用了倒装；在比较结构的后面部分
中，如果比较从句的主语长， 谓语动词短，动词可放到主语前面进行到装。
例2：A majority of people in the United States can get all the calcium their
bodies----from the food they eat.
(A) require (B) requires (C) requiring (D)to require
分析：此题显然缺从句谓语动词，故首先排除（C）和（D）。（B） 为第三人称
单数形式，与主语bodies相矛盾，故也可排除,因此选择A。their bodies require from
the food they eat是定语从句修饰calcium, 省略了that; 实际上they eat也是定语
从句省略了that修饰the food“介词+名词”在定语从句中做表语时，关系 代词和
be动词可以同时省略，剩下的形容词短语做名词的后置定语。
例2：All marble is composed of crystals of the minerals calcite or dolomite, ___, are
perfectly white.
(A) when, pure which (B) when, which pure (C) which, pure when (D)
which, when pure

分析：空格前是个完整的句子，空格后是系表结构，空格处显然缺非限定性定语
从句的 引导词兼作从句主语。（A）、（B）不引导非限定性定语从句，可首先
排除。（C）中的pure和w hen位置错了，故选（D）。注意when pure是插入语，
同时也是省略用法when they are pure；which are perfectly white, 状语从句省略结
构，
例3：Automatons programmed to perform a given task ___the flexibility and adaptability of
human beings.
(A) without (B) lack (C) minus (D) not having
分析：programmed在句中是过去分词作名词后置修饰语，空格处缺谓语动词。四个选择答案中只有（B）是可作谓语的动词，故选（B）。 B， programmed是一个定语，而不是谓语，
机器人被编制程序，所以是过去分词，而不是谓语动词
4) Americans eat __A__ as they actually need every day.(1998.6)
A. twice as much protein B. twice protein as much twice
C. twice protein as much D. protein as twice much
2) If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, ___C_____ would be getting
sick.(1998.1)
A. a lot of more us B. more a lot of us C. a lot of us more D. a lot
more of us
6) The little man was _C___ more than one meter fifty tall.(1995.1)
A. nearly B. quite C. hardly D. almost
9) It is reported that ____C____adopted children went to know who their natural
parents are.(1997.1)
A. the most B. most of C. most D. the most of
4) We have been told that under no circumstances ____B__ the telephone in the office
for personal affairs.(1999.6)
A. may we use B. we may use C. we could use D. did we use
① The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor
of the new theory.
A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base
① The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city?s telephone network to
cover 1000，000 users.
A. accomplished B. being accomplished
C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished
Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patient do not take drugs
___ directed.
A. like B. so C. which D. as
由上下文的意思可以看出，分词所做的是方式状语，连词应该是as。
The job finished, we went home.
The question being settled, we went home.
?

3. The Latin class had twenty students, ____ had had much better language
training than I.
A. most of which B. which C. most of them D. most of whom
4. The establishment of the company shall start from the day ____ the business
license of the company is issued.
A. which B. on which C. in which ? D. whenever

66. Mrs. Brown is supposed A_ for Italy last week.
A to have left B to be leaving C to leave D to have been left
43. I decided to go to the library as soon as I _D_.
A finish what I did B finished what I did
C would finish what I was doing D finished what I was doing
as soon as所引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态搭配有一种情况是主从句都用
一般过去时。
34. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested __ at the next town.
A to stop B stopping C stop D having stopped
suggest + doing也可以
39. It is said that the math teacher seems __ towards bright students.
A partial B beneficial C preferable D liable
partial adj. 偏袒的，偏爱的（经常与to或towards搭配）
41. -
-
A will have gone B had gone C would have gone D has gone
当要表达将来的行为在将来的某时间之前完成用将来完成时，将来完成时结构：
will have + p.p.
42. You __ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.
A shouldn't follow B mustn't follow
C couldn't' have been following shouldn't have been following
should have + p.p. 本应该； shouldn?t have + p.p. 本不应该
47. In the __ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $$30
million. [in the event of 万一，如果]
A face B time C event D course
in the face of 面对； in the time of 在…时期； in the course of 在…期间

构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。(见下面2个例题)
31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the __ movie could not hold
our attention.
A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours? D three-hour?s
267. Professor White wrote a __ report yesterday.
A two- thousand-words B two-thousands-word
C two- thousand-word D two-thousands-words
以ly结尾的不全是副词； friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.
考试中常见的否定前缀： un-、dis-、in-、im-
54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of
wages.
A laziness B poverty C idleness D inability
laziness n. 懒惰； poverty n. 贫穷； poor adj. 贫穷的；
idleness n. 无事可做(中性，有时也有贬义含义)； inability n. 没有能力，没有办
法。
358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.
A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to
具有比较意味的形容词只要与介词to搭配即可表示其比较级。 super- 表示
在…上方，超过…
inferior adj. 低于…的，劣于…的； superior adj. 高于…的，优于…的； prior adj.
在…之前的
Revolutionary War 特指美国独立战争；second adj. 第二的（含有比较意味，也与
to搭配）
He is second to none. 首屈一指，无与伦比；
43. It wasn't such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.
A that B which C as D what
such … that … 如此… 以至于… ； sb + be + ___ + sth 空格处应为能加双宾语
的动词；
加双宾语的动词的用法：动词 + sb + sth（主动形式）； sb + be + pp + sth（被
动形式）；
45. _ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.
A Each B Any C Either D One
common sense 常识； each 这个词在英语中强调的是个体与众不同的特点；
any 这个词强调的是很多东西在一起的共性； either 两者之间任何一个；
before(after) + being + 过去分词；

44. After A__ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
A being interviewed B interviewed C interviewing D having interviewed

四级考试中常见的考察词汇的题型：I 押韵题型（押头韵、押尾韵）
答案总在相似中，如果有三个一样，基本上就在其中了。
54. The rain was heavy and __ the land was flooded.
A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently
continue v. 继续，连续； continually adv. 时断时续地； continuously adv. 连续
不断地。
说不停的咳嗽时，continually是间歇的时断时续的咳嗽，cont inuously是一直不
停的咳嗽。
consequently adv. 因此，所以；(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨)
constantly adv. 始终如一地，连续发生地；constant temperature 恒温
consistently adv. 一贯地，一致地； consistent adj. consistent policy 一贯的政策。
33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to
one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.
A acceptable B applicable C advisable D available
living expenses 生活费； acceptable adj. 可接受的；
apply vt. 申请，应用； applicable adj. 可应用的，适当的，合适的；
advise vt. 建议； advice n. 建议； advisable adj. 明智的，可取的。

44. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she _B_ a job she
probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.
A has to get B were to get C had got D could have got
-------------------------1997-0 1-------------------------
21. Until then, his family _D_ from him for six months.
A didn't hear B hasn't been hearing C hasn't heard D hadn't heard
until then 直到那时。 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信，得到某人的消息。
dest dreams.
A under B over C above D beyond
beyond one?s wildest dreams 做梦也想不到。
32. It is reported that __ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.
A the most B most of C most D the most of
most单独出现的时候有两种词性要考虑：1 adv. 非常；2 adj. 大多数的。
the most后面加多音节的形容词或副词构成该句的最高级。

most of + 名词，表示这些名词中的大多数。 make the most of 充分利用。
34. __ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner
party. [Were they to arrive=If they were to arrive]
A Had they arrived B Would they arrive C Were they arriving D Were they to
arrive
53. We agree to accept __ they thought was the best tourist guide.
A whatever B whomever C whichever D whoever
they thought是插入语，可以不看； tourist guide 导游。。
65. She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it _D_ enough to eat.
A mild B slight C light D tender
mild adj. 不辣的； hot adj. 辣的； extra hot 极辣的；
light adj. 清淡的，容易消化的；蛋糕点心等松软的； muffin n. 松饼；
slight adj. 轻微的，少量的； tender adj. 肉嫩的。
steak n. 牛排；rare 三成熟的；medium 七成熟的；well-done 全熟的；medium rare
五成熟。
35. Housewives who do not go out to work feel they are not working to their full __.
A strength B capacity C length D possibility
strength n. 力量，体力，实力； capacity n. 才能，才智（能力方面）。

49. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think __.
A have to be said B must say C ought to be said D need to say
一般日常用语，用一般时。
56. She was glad that her success would ___ for the women who would follow.
A make things easier B make it easier C be easier D be easier to make
make for 导致，促成；朝某个方向前进，走向那里。
不要选有代词指代不明的选项。 A项中的things指的是境况，境遇。
68. The newest satellite can _A_ a thousand telephone conversations and a color TV
program at the same time.
A carry B extend C bring D take
carry vt. 传送，传输； extend vt. 延伸，延续（extend to 延伸到，延续到）。
fetch vt. 去拿来，去请来，去叫来； fetch water 打水。。
53. Medical care reform has become this country's most important public health _C_.
A question B stuff C matter D issue
matter 事物，事情； question 有疑而问，并且有待回答的问题；
questions and answers Q & A 问与答； issue n. 问题（强调的是政治方面的问题）。

1999年前，台湾问题Taiwan issue；1999年后，台湾问题Taiwan question，态度
转变。

46. I've already told you that I'm going to buy it, __.
A however much it costs B however does it costs much
C how much does it cost D no matter how it costs
however在这里不表示转折，而是句子的引导词，这种情况下它相当于：no matter
how。
意思是，我已经决定要买了，不管多少钱。
50. I like watching TV _C_ to the cinema.
A more than to go B than going C more than going D rather than to go
than 除构成固定短语外就要与比较级搭配，不会单独出现； rather than + 动词
原形；
55. In the course of a day students do far more than just __ classes.
A attend B attended C to attend D attending
far more than 远远多于，远不止于；也要句子前后平衡结构。
57. Many difficulties have __ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel.
A risen B arisen C raised D arrived
因本句未加宾语，估不应选不及物动词，可排除C项； arrive vi. 到达，抵达；
rise vi. 升起，升高（侧重指旗帜或太阳升起）；数量的增高（侧重指水位、价
位）；
the sun rises in the east and sets in the west 太阳东升西落。
arise vi. 升起，升高，出现，发生（经常与抽象名词联用）。
69. A completely new situation will __ when the examination system comes into
existence.
A arise B rise C raise D arouse
45. I wish I __ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A have slept B slept C might have slept D could have slept
wish 后面的句子要用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用：情态动词 + have + 动
词过去分词。
might经常被翻译成或许。
52. __ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.
A Until B Before C From D Since
until recently 直到最近； not surprisingly 一点也不奇怪。
56. I walked too much yesterday and __ are still aching now.

A my leg muscles B my muscles of leg C my leg's muscles D my muscles of the
leg
英语中一个名词修饰另外一个名词时第一个名词要用单数。 apple trees, eye
drops
61. Then the speaker __ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.
A went after B went into C went for D went on
go after 追求，设法得到； go into 谈论，叙述； go for 袭击支持； go on 继
续。