加油小短句-laos
定语从句及专项练习
语法解释:
定语从句 ——
修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说,名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词 ——
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词 ——
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词分两种:
一是关系代词(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分)
二是关系副词(在定语从句中担任状语成分)
关系词的三个功能:
1.
连接功能(连接先行词与定语从句);
2.
担任功能(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语);
3.
替代功能(在定语从句中代替先行词)。
A plane is a machine. The
machine can fly. ——
A plane is a machine,
and the machine can fly. ——
A plane is a
machine that can fly.
关系代词有:who, whom,
whose, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任主语的是: who,
that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任宾语的是: who, whom,
that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任定语的是: whose, which
当先行词是人时,可用的关系词是:who, whom, that, as
当先行词是物时,可用的关系词是:which, that, whose, as
关系副词有:when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why
(先行词为原因)
关系副词 = 介词 + which whom
定语从句分为两种:限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性;有逗号隔开则为非限制性。
非限制性定语从句一般不可用关系代词that引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
以下练习详细介绍了定语从句使用的具体语法规则。
一. 单选:
1. A
football fan is _____ has a strong interest in
football.
A. that B. who C. a person
who D. what
2. The house, _____ was
destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A. whose roof B. which roof C. its
roof D. the roof
3. Can you lend me the
novel _____ the other day?
A. that you talked
B. you talked about it
C. which you talked
D. you talked about
4. The matter _____ you
were arguing about last night has been settled.
A. that B. what C. why
D. for which
5. They talked for about an
hour of things and persons _____ they remembered
in the school.
A. which B. that C.
who D. whom
6. Who _____ has common
sense(常识) will do such a thing?
A. which
B. who C. whom D. that
7. All the
apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those C. which D.
what
8. They asked him to tell them
everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what
B. that C. which D. where
9.
I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.
A.
all which B. all what C. that all D.
all
10. A child _____ parents have died is
called an orphan.
A. who B. who’s
C. whose D. which
11. Is this the
museum _____ you visited the other day?
A.
that B. where C. in which D. the
one
12. Is this museum _____ some German
friends visited last Wednesday?
A. that
B. where C. in which D. the one
13.
— How do you like the book? — It’s quite
different from _____ I read last month.
A.
that B. which C. the one D. the one
what
14. Is that the reason _____ you are in
favor of the proposal?
A. which B. what
C. why D. for that
15. The train _____
she was traveling was late.
A. which B.
where C. on which D. in that
16.
He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers
are kept.
A. where B. on which C.
under which D. which
17. Antarctic _____
we know very little is covered with thick ice all
the year round.
A. which B. where
C. that D. about which
18. He
arrived at a time, ______, in his opinion, was
rather inappropriate for them.
A. that B.
C. which D. when
19. He often helps the
students _____ he thinks are not quick at their
studies.
A. whom B. who C.
when D. because
20. The Second World
War _____ millions of people were killed ended in
1945.
A. when B. during that C.
in which D. which
21. He was born in
the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.
A. which B. when C. on which
D. during which
22. Mr. Crossett will never
forget the day _____ he spent with his various
students.
A. when B. which C. on
which D. in which
23. This is just
the place _____ I am looking forward to visiting
these years.
A. that B. where C.
in which D. to where
24. We are
going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou,
_____ live my grandparents.
A. which B.
that C. who D. where
25.
The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the
seaside.
A. in which we stayed B.
where we stayed at
C. we stayed
D. in that we stayed
26. I have
bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D.
than
27. He is not _____ a fool _____.
A. suchas he is looked B. suchas he
looks
C. asas he is looked D. soas
he looks
28. The time ______ was given to us
was too limited. We must hurry up.
A. when
B. during which C. that D. for which
29.
Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our
journey more difficult.
A. which B. it
C. what D. that
30. He must be from
Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A.
that B. as C. who D. what
31. He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of
which D. all of whom
32. The buses,
_____ were already full, were surrounded by an
angry crowd.
A. most of that B. which most
C. most of which D. that most
33. My
glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the
ground and broke.
A. which B. with
which C. without which D. that
34.
Mr. Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us
a talk on chemistry.
A. whom B. that
C. which D.
35. This is Mr.
Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to
tell us.
A. who B. whom C.
that D.
36. _____, the compass
was first made in China.
A. It is known to
all B. It is known that
C. We all know
D. As is known to all
37. I, _____ your good
friend, will try my best to help you out.
A.
who is B. who am C. that is D.
what is
38. He is a man of great experience,
_____ much can be learned.
A. who B.
that C. from which D. from whom
39. It was such a serious mistake, _____
caused by carelessness.
A. which I think was
B. which I think it was
C. I think which
was D. I think which it was
40. He
lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he
picked up some English.
A. this B. which
C. that D. when
41. The general at last
got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to
fight, _____ he had been
dreaming of for
years.
A. thatwhich B. wherethat C.
in whichwhat D. wherewhich
42. I will
hire the man _____ they say is a good English
speaker.
A. who B. that
C. which D. whom
43. He has to work
on Sundays, _____ he does not like.
A. and
which B. which C. and when D.
when
44. I gave him a warning, _____ he
turned a deaf ear.
A. of which B. for
which C. to that D. to which
45. My father has made me _____ I am.
A. who B. which C.
what D. that
46. She is one of the
few girls who _____ passed the examination.
A. was B. were C. has
D. have
47. He is my son, _____ a better son
does not exist.
A. but B. than who
C. against whom D. than whom
48. As many
members _____ were present agreed to the plan.
A. who B. that C. which
D. as
49. You may call on me from one to
five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.
A. the time B. what time C. that
time D. which time
50. China is the
birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying (放风筝) spread
to Japan, Korea, and India.
A. from there
B. where C. from where D. there
二. 用定语从句完成下列句子:
1. I’ve grown so crazy
about everything
________________________________________________
(与大自然有关的).
2. I am only able to look
at nature through dirty curtains
____________________________ (挂在满
是灰尘的窗前的).
3. Later in the next century, people
___________________________ (来自英格兰的) made voyage
to conquer other parts of the world.
4. At first the English ______________________
__________________________________________
(在公元450至1150年间所说的) was very different from the
English whichthat is spoken today.
5.
When I told her that our journey would begin at an
altitude ________________________________
(有五千多米高的), she seemed to be excited about it.
6. The book
______________________________________________
(老师刚刚提到的) will be very
helpful with our
English learning.
7. Mr. Smith is very
wealthy, but he is always driving an old car
____________________________
(门都已经破了的).
8. Scientists are trying to explain the
reasons
_____________________________________________
(为什么地球正在变暖).
9. Li Hua has two
cousins ___________________________________
(在北京工作的), and another
one
_______________________________ (在家乡务农的).
10. There are three books on the desk, all of
_______________________________________________
(都是有关南非黑人的平等权利的).
Answers to the practice:
一.
1
– 5 CADAB 6 – 10 DABDC
11 – 15
ADCCC 16 – 20 ADCBC
21 – 25 BBADA 26
– 30 ABCAB
31 – 35 BCCAA 36 – 40
DBDAB
41 – 45 DABDC 46 – 50 DCDDC
二.
1. that has something to do with
nature
2. thatwhich were hanging before very
dusty windows
3. who came from England
4.
whichthat was spoken in England between about AD
450 and 1150
5. whichthat was of more than
5,000 meters
6. whichthat the teacher
mentioned just now
7. whose door is broken
8. why the earth is becoming warmer
9. who
are working in Beijing; who is farming in the
hometown
10. which are about the equal rights
for black people in South Africa
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