定语从句讲解练习完整版-定语从句练习

定语从句
精讲点拨
一，定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰 主句的某个名词性
成分，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：
a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red
如果定语是句子，便称为定语从句。
I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句)
→I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句）
被修饰的词是_______________。这个词就称为
先行词
。
其中连接两个句子的是______________， 称为
关系词
。关系词在从句 中指代先行词，并在从句中充当
一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当____________ ____。

☆总结：关系词有三个作用：
1、 2、 ；3、 。
二，关系代词的句法功能
观察下列句子，找规律：
This is the pen that you are looking for. 这是你要找的那支钢笔。(宾语)
The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。（主语）
1．that指 或 ，在定语从句中可作 或 。
The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well.天津产的自行车销售很好。（主语）
The fish which we bought were not fresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。(宾语)
2．which指 ，在定语从句中可作 或 。
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.打碎窗户的男孩叫Tom. （主语）
The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语)
He is the old man whowhom we looked after last year.他是我们去年照顾的那个老人。（宾语）
3．who, whom指人，who在定语从句中可作 或 。 whom 只作
The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)
He lives in a house whose widows open to the south.他住在窗户朝南的那所房子。(指物)
4．whose指 或 ，在定语从句中作 。

先行词
人
人
物
物
人 物

先行词在从句中的成分
主语
宾语
主语
宾语
定语
关系代词
who that
who whom that
which that
which that
whose
找出关系代词，并说出它在从句中作什么句子成分：
I don't like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called
What's the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.

关系代词练习：
诊断性测试:用适当的关系代词that， which， who， whom填空。(越多越好！)
1. The boy ______ is writing a composition is Tom.
The boy ______ I mentioned just now is Tom.
2. I like the book _______ was written by James.
I like the book _______ James wrote.
Liu is the teacher _____you saw yesterday.
Mr Liu is the teacher _____taught us English .

关系代词练习： 目标：区分先行词是人_____ _____ _____, 还是物_____ _____
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London. 作______语
A. who B. which C. whom D. when
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers. 作____ 语
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
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3. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when B. where C. which D. who 作______ 语
4. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here. 作______ 语
A. whom B. which C. who D. when
5. Where is the man ____ I met this morning? 作______ 语
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
6. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker. 作______ 语
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
7. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which 作______ 语
8. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you? 作______ 语
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
9. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago. 作______ 语
A. where B. C. when D. what
10. The letter _______ was received is from my father. 作______ 语
A. where B. C. which D. on which

三，关系副词的句法功能：
I'll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.我永远忘不了我来北京的那一天。（时间状语）
This is the house where I was born. 这是我出生的那个房子。（地点状语）
Could you explain the reason why you were late? 你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗?（原因状语）
时间
地点
原因

定语从句练习2 目标：whose 及关系副词的____ _____ _____ 练习
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3
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时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
when 介词+which
where 介词+which
why for + which

1. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow? 作______ 语
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
2. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago? 作______ 语
A. the one B. where C. in which D.
3, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which 作______ 语
4. I live in the house ____ windows face south. 作______ 语
A. which B. whose C. where D. in that
5. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large. 作______ 语
A. that B. which C. where D. when
6. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League(青年团).
A. when B. that C. at which D. where 作______ 语
7. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind? 作______ 语
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
8. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with him. 作______ 语
A. that B. when C. which D. on which
9. Everyone likes the family ________ parents treat(对待) their children as（像） friends.
A where B which C that D when 作______ 语
10. I don't know the person ______ house is near my house.
A why B when C that D whose 作______ 语

☆总结：从句中缺 、 或 时，我们考虑用关系代
词 ；从句中缺 时，我们考虑用关系副
词 。

即学即练：（关系代词，关系副词综合练习）
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1. Have you read about the book is about the moon? (2011 清远)
A. what B. it C. D. which
2.. Is this the city ______ Shakespeare was born?
D. where
3. ——I don't know your brother.
——Oh. The man _______came to see me yesterday is my brother.
A. who B. whose C. where D. whom
4. People from different places come to visit Zhaoqing ____ is famous for its beautiful mountain and lakes.
(2011 肇庆)
A. what B. which C. where D. who
5. I still remember the park ____ we first met. (2010 广东)
A. that B. which C. where D. when
6. Paul's uncle is the man ____ taught us last year. (2010 广东)
A. where B. who C. whom D. whose
7. – Does the teacher know everybody ____ planted the trees？
-Yes, he does. (2010 河源)
A. which B. where C. whose D. who
8. The letter ____ I received from him yesterday is very important. (2010 佛山)
A. who B. where C. what D. that
9. I like the teachers ____ can make their classes interesting. (2009 清远)
A. where B. when C. which D. who
10. I bought the camera ____ was advertised on TV. (2008 广东)
A. what B. why C. which D. who
11. John is the boy ____ legs were badly hurt in the accident. (2011 天津)
A. whose B. that C. who D. which
12. Jamie is a young cook ____ wants to improve school dinners. (2010 天津)
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
13. Friends are those ____ make you smile. (2010 河南)
A. which B. what C. whom D. who
14. Do you know the girl ____ is singing in the classroom? (2010 长沙)
A. who B. which C. when D. whom
15. Is that the man ____ helped us a lot after the earthquake? (2009 杭州)
A. whose B. which C. when D. who
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16. –Have you ever been to the new shop____ is just opened?（2009 济宁）
A. B. who C. that D. what
17. Disney is an amusement park ____ you can find all the normal attractions. (2009 绵阳)
A. which B. where C. that D. when
18. This is the question ____ we are talking about now. (2008 吉林)
A. that B. who C. where D. when
19. This is the dictionary ____ Mum gave me yesterday. (2008 河北)
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
20. This is the novel ____ is written by Guo Jingming. (2011 湖南)
A. who B. whom C. that D.
介词+关系代词的情况：
1．When指代表示时间的先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当时间状语。例如：
October 1，1949 was the day when（=on which） the People’s Republic of China was founded.
2．Where指代先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当地点状语。例如：
We will visit the house where(=in which)Lu Xun was born.
代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当原因状语.例如:
Who can tell me the reason why(=for which) Tom was absent today?
☆总结：当关系代词在定语从句中作 时，如果定语从句中的谓语动词是 动词时，动词
后要加介词或副词。
☆ 注意：(定语从句中的不及物动词加介词或副词构成固定的及物动词短语后，不能把介词或副词提前到
关 系代词前。)
He is the old man whowhom we looked after last year.他是我们去年照顾的那个老人。
That is the book which I am looking for.那就是我要找的书。
用适当的介词+关系代词填空
1. Is this the library ____________ you borrow books?
2. This is the room _____________ I lived.
3. I don’t know the reason______________ he hasn’t come today.
4. Tom still remembers the days ______________they lived in Tianjin.
5. I still remember the date _________ I went to Nanjing for the first time.
6. The primary school ____________I studied in my childhood had very little equipment.
7. The day _____________ I met him first was the first of May on the Great Wall.
8. The reason ____________ it should be so is now clear. I don't need to explain it onceore.
专练1：
1． That is the museum _____ you visited a few days ago.
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6
共 10 页

A. where B. that C. on which D. in where
2．That is the museum _____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. in where
3．. The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.
A. who B. to whom C. whom D. that
4．The city_____she lives _____is very far away.
A. that,in B. where，in ,on ，on
5．This was the time _____ he arrived.
A．which B .that
6．Do you understand the reason_____ she explained to you?
A．for which B .that C. why
7．Do you understand the reason______she felt sad？
A. which B. that C. why
总结：在需要用介词+关系代词时：若先行词是人，则用 ；
若先行词是物，则用 ；
巩固提升
1. ---Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
---Yes, he's our headmaster.
A. he B. who C. which D. whom
2. Is this the river _____I can swim？
A. which B. in which C. that D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
A. where B. which C. that D. it
4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？


A. that you bought B. you bought it
C. that you bought it D. which you bought it
5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up your hands.
A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree
6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that B. it C. which
7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A. who's B. whose C. that D. which.
8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
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7
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A. which, is B. whom, was C. who, is D. who, was
9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
10. The world ______ is made up of matter.
A. in that we live B. on which we live C. where we live in D. we live in
11. This is the old house ______ I lived ten years ago.
A. which B. where C. who
12. Do you remember the day ______ you joined the party?
A. which B. that C. on which
13. This is the small town _____ he visited last week.
A. which B. where C. what D. who
D. whose
D. whose
14. We stayed in the hotel ____ our teacher stayed last month.
A. in which B. in where C. which
15. The basketball team ______ Yao Ming plays won the match.
A. which B. in where C. where
16. The park ______ we often go is near our house.
A. to which B. to where C. which D. that
D. that
D. that
17. I hate rainy days ______ you need to wear a raincoat.
A. which B. that C. when
18. Mum's birthday is the day _____ we won't forget.
A. where B. on which C. when D. that
D. whose
19. The boy _____ you talked just now is tom's brother.
A. which B. who C. to that D. to whom
20. We don't know the reason _____ he left his hometown.
A. which B. why
四. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：（主要根据先行词判断）
当先行词是：
情 况
nothing,everything,anything,much,
all,litt le等不定代词作先行词时，常用
that引导从句.something两者均可。
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8
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C. what D. where
例 句
Is there anything that I can do for you?

2.指物的先行词前被序数词修饰时。
The first thing that we should do is to help

him.

3.指物的先行词前被形容词最高级修
This is the best foreign film that I have ever

饰时。
seen.



They talked about the things and friends

that they could remember.
6.以疑问词(who,which,what)开头的疑
Who is the man that is standing over there?
问句,为避免重复,用 that.
Which is the tool that you are looking for?




专练2：
there anything_____to you?
A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. which belongs D. that belong
last place _____we visited was the Great Wall.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
3. He is the first foreigner _____ been to that place.
A. that have B. that has C. whom has D. which has
is the best book _____I have read this year.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
5. I can remember some pictures and the persons____I saw in the room.
C. when D. that
is the girl_____is crying？
A. which C. whom D. where
2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：
(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：
The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：
The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
专练3：
1. The baby was ill, ____ made the mother very worried .
A. that B. what C. whom D. which
2. Is this the city ______ Shakespeare was born?
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共 10 页
4.指物的先行词前被the last,the very,
That’s the very tool that we are looking for.
the only, the same修饰时。
5.先行词既指人又指物时。

which which where
3主谓一致问题：这 是指关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词
应保持一 致。
, who is now downstairs, is asking to see you.
The , who are now downstairs, are asking to see you.
4. one of +复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词复数形式；
the (only, very, right) one of +复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词单数形式。
Jeff is one of the students who were awarded.
Jeff is the only one of the students who was awarded.
五． 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别：

形式上
意义上
译法上
关系词的
使用上
限制性定语从句
不用逗号和主句隔开
非限制性定语从句
用逗号和主句隔开
是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整
翻译成先行词的定语，…的…
A．做宾语时可省略
B、可用that
C、可用who代替whom
通常翻译成主句的并列句
A、不可省
B、不用that
C、不用who代替whom

11. Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with



B. with whom I went
D.I went with him C. with who I went
中考链接：
1 .I still remember the park we first met. （2010广州，单项选择）
B. which C. where D. when
story I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. （2011广州，单
项选择）
A. whose B. who C. that D. where
Harry, __ __ lived next door to Jack, said he didn't need one. （2011广州，语法选择）
A. which B. whose C. that D. who
4 .Whenever he was late, he could find plenty of excuses sounded reasonable.

5．while in America，it can be shared by anyone is close，friend or lover．（2012广州，语法选择）
A．whom B．who C．whose
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D．which