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非限制性定语从句讲解及练习

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-21 20:09
tags:定语从句讲解

yukon-whale的音标

2020年10月21日发(作者:卞思忠)


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说到非限定性定语从句的讲解,还要分成不同的部分,首先大家要知道就得就
是该从句的作用是什么。其实它在句子中是一个独立的成分,不会受到主句的
限制,把从句去掉之后, 主句仍然是成立的。这也是为什么它会叫做非限定性
定语从句。
其次,大家要了解该从句的形式:
非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密, 因而通常要用逗号
与主句分隔开。例如:
Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?
你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗?它的男主演可是世界闻名的。
My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his l
ife, is retiring next month.
我有位朋友,他一辈子服务于国际奥林匹克委员会,下个月就要退休了。
下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍:
(1) who引导的非限制性定语从句Our guide,who was a French Canadian,
was an excellent cook.我们的向导,一个法裔加拿大人,擅长于烹调。My ga
rdener,who is very pessimistic,says that there will be no apples this year.
我家的园丁非常悲观,他说今年将不结苹果。(2) whom引导的非限制性定语
从句关系代词whom用于指人,在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语,作介词宾语时,
介词可位于句末。如: Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Pari
s.彼得现在回巴黎了,你在伦敦见过他。Mr Smith,from whom I have learn
ed a lot,is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家,我从他那儿
学了许多东西。(3) whose引导的非限制性定语从句 whose是关系代词who
的所有格形式,在从句中作定语。w hose通常指人,也可指动物或无生命的事
物。如:The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩
学习很努力,他的父亲是位工程师。Above the trees are the mountains whos
e magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是
山,其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。The play,whose style is rigidly form
al,is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品,风格拘谨刻板。(4)
which引导的非限制性定语从句 关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所
指代和修饰的可以是 主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句,在
从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。① which指代主句中的名词,
被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词 以及
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表示职业、品格等的名词。如:These apple trees,which I planted three yea
rs ago,have not borne any fruit.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果
实。She is an artist,which I am not.她是一位艺术家,而我不是。Water,w
hich is a clear liquid,has many uses.水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。Th
e two policemen were completely trusted,which in fact they were.那两个警
察完全受到信任,事实上,也真是如此。② which指代主句中的形容词。如:
She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.
她对孩子们很耐心,她丈夫却很少这样。She is always careeless,which we
should not be. 她总是马虎大意,我们可不应该这样。③ which指代主句中的
某个从句。如:He said that he had never seen her before,which was not t
rue.他说以前从没见过她,这不是真的。④ which指代整个主句。如:In the
presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张,这是可以理解的。He may have acute appendic
itis,in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲肠炎,
如果是这样,他就得动手术。When deeply absorbed in work,which he ofte
n was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他经常聚精会神地工
作,这时他会废寝忘食。(5) when引导的非限制性定语从句关系副词whe n在
非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,指代主句中表示时间的词语。如:He will
put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他将把郊游推迟到5
月1号,那时他将有空。(6) where引导的非限制性定语 从句关系副词where
在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,指代主句中表示地点的词语。如:They
went to London,where they lived for six months.他们去了伦敦,在那儿呆了
六个月的时间。They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale wi
ll be held.他们昨天抵达那里, 有一个关于销售的谈判在那儿举行。(7) as引导
的非限制性定语 从句as引出非限定性定语从句时,代替整个主句,对其进行
说明但通常用于像as we all know, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is,
as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the c
ase, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定语从句中作主
语、表语或宾语,且引出的从句位置比较灵活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于
主句中间。通常均由逗号 将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……, 就像……”之意。
如:As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American wr
iter.美国人都知道,马克?吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语)He
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forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了带笔,这是
常事。(as在从句中作主语)He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在
全神贯注地工作,他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)Boy as he was, he
was chosen king. 他虽是孩子,却被选为国王。(as在从句中作表语)as we a
ll know, the earth is round.众所周知,地球是圆的。 (as在从句中作宾语)The
two brothers were satisfied with this decision,as was agreed beforehand.两
兄 弟对此决定都满意,这项决定在事前都已得到他们的同意。(as在从句中作
主语)Taiwan is,as you know,an inseparable part of China.你知道,台湾 是
中国不可分割的一部分。(as在从句中作宾语)(8)“介词+关系代词”引导的非限
制性 定语从句 在介词后引导非限制性定语从句。关系代词which有时并不代
表主句中某一确定的词,而 是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先
行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。They were short of sticks to make
frames for the climbing vines,without which the yield would be halved. 他
们缺搭葡萄架的杆儿,没有它们产量会减少一半。They thanked Tom,witho
ut whose support they would not have succeeded.这些邻居是北京来的,昨天
我被介绍同他们认识了。(9)“名词代词+of+w hich whom”引导的非限制性定
语从句 It now has 20,000 hectares of land,more than two-thirds of whic
h are under cultivation. 现在它拥有两万公顷土地,其中三分之二之多已经耕
种。Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilo
meteThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大厅里有
三十把椅子,绝大部分是新的。The textile mill has over 8,000 workers an
d staff,eighty per cent of whom are women. 这家纺织厂有8千多职工,女
职工占百分之八十。
除此之外大家还要注意一些非限制性定语从句引导词的特殊情况:
1.非限制性定语从句不可用that引导, 在非限制性定语从句中用who(作主
语) whom(作宾语)指人,用which(作主语 宾语)指物, 用whose作定
语(指人 物)。例如:
The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attrac
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ted a lot of attention.
这位试图打反击的著名篮球明星吸引了众人的关注。The film, whose direc
tor is an old man, is very instructive.
这部电影很有教育意义, 它的导演是位老人。
2.关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时 不可省略,若指人时,只用who
m,不用who。例如:
York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.
我去年访问过的约克是个古老而美丽的城市。
Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just no
w.
请把这本书交给杰西卡,就是刚才我们在大厅里遇到的那位。
3.非限制性定语从句不可用why引导, 需用for which替代why。例如:
None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was a
bsent.
我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。


ones怎么用,做题技 巧有哪些关于one和ones的用法其实并不是特别复杂,
但是需要大家做题的时候细心一点,虽然说 ones只比one多了一个s,但是
用法上的区别却很大。大家可以用最简单的办法去理解,加s之后 就变成了复
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数了的形式,事实上ones就是one的复数形 式。但是很多同学就有了这样
的疑问,ones怎么用?这也是很多人都很好奇的一个问题,针对one s怎么用
这个问题,小编给大家做出了如下的总结:
one
1)代替上文中出现过 的单数可数名词,表泛指(同类但不是同一)前面可以有冠
词或形容词,也可以有this或that或 another,但前不能有物主代词:
e.g.:I have lost my pen.I’m going to buy one. I prefer this o
ne to that one.
比较:
I’m looking for a flat. I’d like a small one with a garden.
I’m looking for a flat. I’d like one with a garden.
(不能说:... a one with a garden.)
2)作为不定人称代词, 可泛指“任何一个人”,有one's 和oneself形式。多
用于正式文体,口语中也可用hehis代替第二个oneone's.
e.g.:
One has to take care of oneself and one's family if he can.
One shouldn't hesitate to correct hisone's mistakes.
If one wants to see the ruins, he must find his own guide.
(如果一个人想看那废墟, 他必须找自己的向导。)
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ones
ones是one的复数形式,常用来代替复数可数名词,表泛指,前面不用物主< br>代词修饰,也不用these或those来直接修饰,除非ones前面有形容词:
e.g.:
I have a new coat and several old ones.
These yellow waistcoats are so small. I want those green ones.
oneones用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,one指代单数, ones指代复数,
所代 替的是同名异物,表示泛指,可有前置定语或后置定语,也可单独使用,
特指时必须加 the,用the oneones 。

















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一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point
You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的
地步。
The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called
in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。
We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一
改的地步。
注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:
The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故
发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。
二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case
There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一
些情况下,mighty一词可用作副词。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginnersof English fail
to use the language properly. 今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使
用不当的问题。
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三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where
sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为,舞蹈
是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。
四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and
wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous
situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险,那你就是
将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position
It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我
陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。
六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.
她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。
I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份
整天坐在办公桌前的工作。
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