shamelessly-丙烯醇
定语从句讲解与练习
一.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
2. 关联词:
1引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语
可省略。
2关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词:when, where, why作时间状语。
三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分
四.关系代词的用法:
1.
that 和which
that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
His father
works in a factory thatwhich makes TV sets.
Who was hurt in the accident thatwhich
happened yesterday?
The coat (whichthat I put
on the desk is black.
注意:The room in which I
live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that
2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:
1 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that
This is the
most interesting story (that I have ever heard.
2先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that
The children like
the second lesson that is about “The Football
Match”.
3先行词被the only,the very 或the
same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。It is
the only word
(that I know in the passage.
Where is the very
book (that I bought just now?
This is the
(same bicycle (that I lost.
4先行词为everything,so
mething,anything,all,none,much,little,few
等不定代词时,
定语从句只能用that
I want everything (that
I want.
I am writing to tell you about
something very strange that happened to me last
week.
5先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little,
much, many修饰时,只能用that
Here is all the money
(that I have.
6先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some
pictures (that I see in the room.
7定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导
Is it the
one(thatyou want?
8为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that
引导定语从句
Who is the girl that won the first
place?
3. who和whom
who指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。
Who is the
teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?
The doctor
with whom she went to the United States last month
is very famous.
=The doctor whowhomthat she
went to the United States with last month is very
famous.
五.关系副词的用法:
指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
I
still remember the day when I first came to
Beijing. when=on which
指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.
We d
on’t know the reason why he was late for school.
㈠.单项选择
1. This is the bag _____ my mother
bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C.
whom
D. this
2. The man
_____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D.
3.
The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students
visited yesterday?
A. the one
B. which
C. who
D. whom
5. The only language
_____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which
B. that
C.
D. it
6. The girl handed everything _____
she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D.
all
7. Please show me the book _____ you
bought yesterday.
A. which
B. whom
C.
whose
D. this
8. The man _____ was here
just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who
C.
D. he
9. The boy _____ has two
lovely dogs.
A. who live next door
B.
which lives next door
C. whom
lives next door
D. that lives next door
10
He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A.
what
B. which
C. as
D.
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