定语从句基本概念讲解及练习

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初中英语定语从句

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which
关系副词有：when, where, why

一．关系代词引导的定语从句
1）先行词是人：who∕whom ∕that ( 区分：who可做主语和宾语，whom只能做宾语)
Is he the man ＿＿＿ wants to see you?
He is the man ＿＿＿＿＿＿I saw yesterday.
Yesterday I helped an old man ＿＿＿lost his way
Mr. Liu is the person ＿＿＿＿＿＿you talked about on the bus.
2）先行词是事物：which∕that
3) whose 用来指人或物（,若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：
我认识那个车被偷的男人。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
请递给我那本绿色封面的书。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

二．关系副词引导的定语从句
1）when, where, why ﹦“介词+ which”
when= oninat which
I still remember the day ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I joined the Party. 。
I won’t forget the day＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I spent with you .
2）where=inon which
Beijing is the place ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I was born.
I can see the desk ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ there is a book.
这是我去年参观过的山村＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
▲当point, situation，conditions等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导
Can you think out a situation ＿＿＿ this word can be used?

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Her illness has developed to the point ＿＿＿ nobody can cure her.
3）why=for which
Is this the reason ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿he refused our help?
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

三、that 的用法
1）不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时不能用that;
The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用that。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land thatwhich we get our food from.

2) 在限制性定语 从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；
但在下列情况中，只能 用that，不用which：

a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
There is a book on the desk that I have never read before.
商店里有一个我喜欢的玩具。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词
时，只用that，不用which。
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
所需的只是时间问题。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
c) 先行词有the only, the very, the next, the last修饰时，只用that。

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This Is the only thing that you have to take with you.
他是唯一解得出这道题的学生。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
d) 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级时，或者被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用
that。.
When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.
The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.
That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.
Is that the best that you can do?
他是第一个通过考试的人。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
她是我们班最高的女生。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
e) 先行词既有人，又有物时只用that，如：
She described the people and places that impressed her most in her compositions.
我能清楚记得我所见到的人和一些照片。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
f) 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：
Which is the car that killed the boy?
g)当先行词是基数词时用that,如：
Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the
two

that are still alive.
h) 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：
Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?
Which of us that knows anything does not know this? 我们中凡是稍有常识的人哪一个
不懂得这个?
Who is the girl ＿＿＿＿ is crying？

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定语从句概念性基础练习
一、单项填空
1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which
2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. which C. they D. where
3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.
A. which B. when C. who D. whom
4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A. who B. whom C. he D. which
5. This is the place _____I have ever visited.
A. there B. when C. where D. which
6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.
A. that B. which C. why D. when
7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.
A. that B. which C. where D. why
8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.
A. when B. where C. that D. on which
10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
A. who B. that C. whose D. which
11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
12. This is the house _______ I want to buy.
A. in which B. that C. whose D. where

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13. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _______, of course,
made the others envy him.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
二．分析下列句子，用括号把定语从句划出来。
e.g.I like music (I can sing along with).
I love places (where the weather is always warm).
1. Mr Liu is the person you talked about on the bus.
2. The professor you are waiting for has come.
3 This is the pen he bought yesterday.
4. Here is the man I saw this morning?
who would do great things should not attempt them all alone.
can’t wake up a person who is pretending to be asleep.
like music that is quiet and gentle.
prefer music that has great lyrics.
9.I like places where the weather is always warm.
10.I never forget the day when I joined the Army.
三、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子
1. The boys________ are playing football are from Class One.
2. Those ________ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.
3. Football is a game ________ is liked by most boys.
4 . I visited a scientist ________ name is known all over the country.
5. He likes to read books ________ are written by foreign writers.
6. The season________comes after spring is summer.
7. He succeeded in the competition, ________ made his parents very happy.
8. The reason________he was punished is unknown to us.
9. The school ________ he once studied is very famous.
10. I still remember the day ________ I first came to this school.

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