定语从句讲解的思维导图

形容词




前置
I have a good

friend.



后置
I want to do

something interesting.



定语


修饰名词或代词的
成分
介词短语
常译为“的”
非谓语动词短语
句子

后置
The boy in
white is my friend.

后置
I don’t have a
house to live in.

后置
I like students who
like English.




















可以作名词或代词的定语

作定语的句子，即“的”



特殊情况 注意事项

引导词


先行词在定从中作主语，定从谓动单复数

先行词是人，用who
宾格whom
由先行词决定




先行词非人，用which
one of+复数名词，作先行词，谓动
用that不用which的条件
用复数

用which不用that的条件


the (only) one of, the veryright+复数
无引导词：先行词在定从中作宾语，
万能钥匙that


名词，作先行词，谓动用单数

引导词可省略

定语从句

引导词用that，不用which的条件




①先行词前有最高级修饰；或先行词就是最高级；



②先行词前有序数词修饰；或先行词就是序数词；



③先行词前有the only, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰；


④先行词是不定代词all,everything,one等词；或先行词前有不定代词修饰时；


⑤先行词中既有人又有物；




⑥主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句；




⑦There be 句型中



引导词用which，不用 that的条件





①引导词前有介词，如：in which;on which;with whom



②先行词是that, those


不用that的条件





介词后用whom，which，不用that



who
人 主
人
物
人物
人物

时间
地点
原因


2
宾
主宾
主宾
定
whom
which
that
whose=of whom人 =of which物
关
系
代
词
引
导
词


状
状
状
when=in which on which=at which
where=in which at which
why=for which
关
系
副
词

2006年 book he bought yesterday is very interesting.



A.不填





2007年 41. Do you know the man _______ is sitting behind Nancy?


A. what B. which C. who D. whom





2008年36. This is the dictionary________Mun gave me for my birthday.









2009年41. Sorry, we don’t have the coat _____ you need.

A. what B. who C. whom D. which






2010年43. There are lots of things___________ I need to prepare before the trip.

A. who B. that C. whom D. whose






2011年 teachers______came for a visit are foreigners.







2012年无





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近七年河北中考定语从句原题再现

定从引导词判定拓展：引导词（以先行词在定从中所作成分为准）
(1)先行词在定从中作主宾的判定标准：引导词后是动词，则作主语；否则作宾语
The book he bought yesterday is very interesting.
A.不填
Do you know the man ___ is sitting behind Nancy?
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
(2)先行词在定从中充当定语的判定标准：引导词的位置译为“的”
I live in a house _________ window is small.

(3)先行词在定从中充当状语的判定标准：先行词放入定从中，缺少介词连接。
Is this the river where I can swim?
I love the place where I was born.
This is the school whichthat I visited yesterday.
I’ll never forget the day when we won the first prize.
I’ll never forget the day thatwhich we spent together.
I want to know the reason why you were late yesterday.



典型例题：
(1)Is this factory the one that you visited yesterday?
one what which one that
(2)I like music that I can dance to.先行词在定从中作宾语,要保持定从与先行词连接完整性










拓展练习题
1. I'd like a room ________ window looks out over the sea.
2. July and August are the months ________the weather is hot.
3. She's going home ________ she can rest.
4. Do you know the reason ________ I left early?
5. He is the man ________ car was stolen.
6. The girl ________ father is a doctor comes from Shanghai.
7. 1994 was the year ________ he was born.
8. This is the village ________ he was born
9. That’s the hotel ________ we were staying last year.
10. Give me one reason ________ we should help you.






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