高中语法定语从句的详细讲解

高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
定语从句详解与练习
（一）定义及相关术语
1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先
行词 之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词有
when, where, why.
注意：关系代词与关系副词在定语从句 中充当不同的句子成分，定语从句中缺主、宾、表，
用关系代词；缺状语用关系副词，何为句子成分？
五大基本句
1. 主 + 谓（Vi） I come.
2. 主 + 谓（Vt）+ 宾 I love you.
3. 主 + 谓（Vt）+ 间宾 + 直宾 I give him a book.
4. 主 + 谓（Vt）+ 宾 + 宾补 I make him happy.
5. 主 + 系 + 表 I am tall.
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句
1．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. （主） 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen（which）he bought yesterday. （宾） 这是他昨天买的钢笔。
She was fond of dancing, which her brother never was. (表)
她喜欢跳舞,她弟弟从不喜欢。

2．that 指人 物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.（人 主）每年来
参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man（that）I saw this morning? （人 宾）我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？
He is no longer a little boy that he used to be.（人 表）他已经不再是以前那个小男孩儿了。
The season that comes after spring is summer. （物 主） 春天以后的季节是夏季。
The person （that）you introduced to me is very kind.（物 宾） 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
3. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (主) 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
He is the man（who）I talked about to you.（宾）他就是我给你提到的那位男士。
He is no longer the man who he used to be. (表) 他不再是以前的那个他了。
4．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。
5．whose 指人 物，在定语从句中作定语，表所属，“……的”
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. （人） 我拜访了一个全国知名的
科学家。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. （物） 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房
子里。
特殊情况归纳总结
规则1：关系代词若在限制性定语从句中做宾语并且前面无介词时，关系代词可省略。
She is the woman (whom who that) I saw yesterday.

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规则2：定语从句中的主谓一致
(1)关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致
I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you.
(2)one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+
复数动词

the only one of +复数名词+关系代词+
单数动词
，
Tom is one of the boys who have passed the exam.
Tom is the only one of the boys who has passed the exam
(3)非限制性定语从句中，由关系代词as 或which代替整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用第三
人称单数。
Great changes have taken place in China, as which is known to all.
规则3：定语从句中的关系代词只能用that 的情况
(1) 修饰词 + 先行词 + that
（the only, the very, any, few, the first, the best 等 ）
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
(2) 先行词为不定代词 + that
(everything, something, nobody, none, all, few, any等 )
All that can be done has been done.
Is there anything that you want to buy?
(3)Who Which(主句的主语)……+ that (避免重复)
Who is the man that is standing there?
Which is the book that you bought yesterday?
(4) 先行词（人+物）+ that
We talked about the books and writers that we knew.
(5)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已经用了which,另一个则用that.
They have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to environment
protection.
(6)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，只用that.
Hangzhou is no more the city that it used to be.
规则4：定语从句中关系代词只能用which 的情况
(1)在引导非限制性定语从句时
______, which who who…….
The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
(2) in on from (介词) + which whom
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
He is the boy from whom I borrowed the book.
(3) 有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已经用that,另一个则用which
规则5: 指人时，定语从句中关系代词只能用who 的情况
(1)当先行词是anyone, those 时
Is there anyone who can help me?
(2) 有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已经用that,另一个则用who

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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
规则6: whose 既可以指人又可以指物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。 指物时，whose+
名词=名词+of which= of which + 名词
The classroom whose door the door of which of which the door is broken is on the second floor.
规则7：as 和 which的区别
(1) as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以在主句前，也可以在主句后，有时还可以插入句中，
意为“正如…… ,正像……”；which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，译成“这”
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
Smoking is harmful to one’s health, as which is known to all.
(2)特殊代词as 的用法
①. such……as……
I hope to get such a dictionary as he is using.
② so……as……
I have never seen so clever a boy as he (is).
③.the same ……as…… (表同一类) the same……that……（表同一个）
This is the same pen as I lost last week.这只笔跟我昨天掉的那支笔一样。
This is the same pen that I lost last week.这支笔就只我昨天掉的那支笔。
规则8：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人时用whom, 指物时用which
某 些带有介词的动词短语，介词可以提至关系代词前，但在一些固定搭配的短语动词中，由
于动词和介词不 可以分割，不能将介词置于关系代词之前。如 take care of, look for, look after,
care for等。
He is the boy from whom I borrowed the book.
He is the boy whom I borrowed the book from.
This is the book which that I am looking for.
（三）关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；when=表示时间的介词（inatonduring…）+which.
I still remember the days whenduring which I stayed in Beijing.(作状)
I still remember the days whichthat we spent together.（作宾）
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，where=表示地点的介词（inatonu nder…）
+which.
He showed me the place wherein which he lived.(作状)
This is the place whichthat we visited last year.（作宾）
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，why=表示原因的介词（for）+which
I don’t know the reason why for which he looks unhappy today. (作状)
The reason whichthat you gave us was unacceptable. （作宾）
特殊情况归纳总结
规则1：the way 作先行词的时候，定语从句中不缺主、宾、表时，用in which, that, 。定
语从句中若缺主、宾、表，则用 which, that。
The way (in which, that, ) he answered the questions was suprising.
The way (which , that) he explained to us was quiet simple.
规则2：一些特殊的先行词如 situation, point, case, activity, scene, period, festival, occasion等

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要注意具体情况具体分析，作主、宾、表时，用关系代词 that which; 作状语时，用关系副
词where when 或“介词+which”。
There is a point (that which) we must insist on.
We are just trying to reach a point (where at which) both sides will sit down together and talk.
注意：定语从句中的关系词选择规则：
作主、宾、表
作状语
作定语
关系代词（whichthatwhowhomas）
关系副词（wherewhenwhy）
关系代词（whose）
(四)定语从句和其他句型之间的区别
1. 定语从句与结果状语从句
He is such a good boy as everyone likes.
He is such a good boy that everyone likes him.
2. 非限制性定语从句与并列句
He said nothing, which made me angry.
He said nothing, and that made me angry.
There are two boys in Peter’s, both of whom are white.
There are two boys in Peter’s, and both of them are white.
3. 定语从句与地点状语从句
This kind of plant grows best at the place where it is warm and wet.
This kind of plant grows best where it is warm and wet.
4. 定语从句与名词性从句
As is known to us all, the light on the earth is given by the sun.
It is known to us all that the light on the earth is given by the sun.
What is known to us all is that the light on the earth is given by the sun.
5. 定语从句与强调句
It was a small village that which we know.
It was in this small village that we got to know each other.
（五）检测:
(一)
1．This is the best factory ____we visited last year .
A. where B. which C. in which D. that
this the factory ____computers are built ?
A. that B. which C. in which D. in that
pass me the dictionary ____cover is red .
A. whose C. which D. which of
man ____has arrived .
A. whom I told you B. that I told you
C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about
5. Do you know the comrade ____we are talking ?
A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that
6. They visited the house ___the great writer was born .
A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where
7. The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher .
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose

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8. He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class .
A. who B. that C. what D. where
9. I’ll visit the professor tomorrow ,___he will be back from Shanghai .
A. who B. that C. when D. which
school ___I study is a new one .
A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which
11. China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan .
A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which
12. The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here .
A. what B. where C. that D. which
13. Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north .
A. which B. his C. that D. whose
14. Do you know the man ___your father nodded ?
A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom
ing is a sport in ___people easily get hurt .
A. that B. when C. which D. what
16. I told you ____I know .
A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom
has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun .
A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them
18. Is this factory ____we visited last year ?
A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one
19. Who is the man ____was there ?
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
20. Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ?
A. that B. which C. whose D. who
21. I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress .
A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which
22. The knife ____we used to cut the bread is very sharp .
A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which
23. The games ____the young men competed in were difficult .
A. in which B. which C. it D. who
rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
A. that B. which C. as D. it
25. George Mallory was an English school teacher _____ loved climbing.
A. who B. whom C. he D. which
parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.
whom whose
heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.

the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
whom whom
weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.

living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.

31．Carol said the work would be done by October,______personally I doubt very much.
A. it
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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
32．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the
others unhappy.
A．who B．which C．this D．what
ly I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.
price price of which
price price of whose
34._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.

lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English.

the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.
which
er I met him , ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.

visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower.

boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
which that whose
40.I don’t like _____ you speak to her.
way way in that way which way of which
41.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through .
’s the reason ’s why ’s why ’s how
made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science.
I think is I think it is
I think it D.I think which is
was very rude to the customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.

are three bedrooms in the house,_____ is Mary's.
A the smallest of which B the smaller of which
C the smallest of them D the smallest one
Greens will move into the new house next Monday,_____ it will be completely finished.
A by the time B by which time C by that time D by this time
has a large collection of phone,_____ was taken in london.
A none of them B no one of which C all of which D none of which
the fast development of agriculture, the people ____ village I taught before lived a
happy life.
A who B whose C in whose D in which
is a moutain ____ the top is always covered with snow.
A whose B of which C it's D that
may have missed her train, in ____ case she won't arrive for another hour.
A what B that C which D this
are two thousand students in our school,____ are girls.
A two-thirds in which B two-thirds in them C two-thirds of them D of whom two thirds
（二）
place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which B. where C. what D. in which
you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke

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is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
changes have taken place in the factory ____we are working since then.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
pen ______he is writing is mine.
which which which which
arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
whom whom which D. with whom
there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
14.I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that what C. that D. which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
isn't such a man ______he used to be.
A. who B. whom C. that D. as
is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went
C. with who I went D.I went with him
19.I don't like ______ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels
C. such novels D. same novels
talked a lot about things and persons _______they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who; B.; whom C. whom; D.; who
24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.

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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that
summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
which that which D what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
which when
; that which; when
way ______he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which B. whose C. what D.
is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
which I have looked B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that B. that; why
C. for that; hat D. for which; what
is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
which
is not the way ______I do it.
A. which which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which B. either of which
C. both of that D. both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.
was B. which was were D. which
neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.
A. who B. which C. that D. it
is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.
A. that B. which C. from that D. from which
is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
A. that B. which C. who D. as
39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.
A. B. why C. when D. whose
40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
A. that B. which C. it D. though
41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that
42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a
great effect on my life.
; who which C. which; that D. when; which
43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are
44. During the days ______, he worked as a servant at the Browns.
ed ing follow followed
45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?

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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
A. that B. C. which D. it
46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside
house.
A. which; what B. through which; what
h that; what D. what; that
47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?
A. this school B. this the school
C. this school one D. this school where
48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as B. that C. what D. who
49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them B. neither of them
C. neither of which D. none of which
50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been
（三）
1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run
from north to south are called avenues.
A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that
2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.
A. when B. where C. that D. on which
3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic
Games in 2008.
A. where B. when C. which D. how
4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .
A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him to
C. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him
5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?
—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is
provided.
A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose
6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.
A. when B. that C. what D. which
7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly
and safely.
A. when B. where C. which D. whose
8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being
studied.
A. which B. where C. when D. what
9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in
China’s vast countryside.
A. as B. when C. until D. before
11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.
A. It B. As C. Which D. What
12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________ has a great effect
on my life.
A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that
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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
13. The bread my wife makes is much better than ________ you can buy at a store.
A. that which B. one that
C. that of which D. this of which
14. There is no such place _____ you dream of in all this world.
A. that B. what C. which D. as
15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
A. all whose homes B. all of whose homes
C. all their homes D. all of their homes
16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, of course, will cause severe
punishment from it sooner or later.
A. who B. when C. on which D. which
17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where
18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________ they swam in it.
A. when B. that C. who D. where
19. The man showed us so heavy a stone ________ no man can lift.
A. that B. as C. which D. and
20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during ________ time he learned much spoken English.
A. that B. this C. which D. same
（四）
1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who B. C. that D. when
2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
4. Have you read the book I lent to you?
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.
A. which price B. the price of whose
C. its price D. whose price
7. Lily, is Helen ______ you want to introduce me to?
A. that B. who C. whom D. the girl
8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers ______
they had seen.
A. that B. who C. which D. what
9. This is the only bus ______ goes to the village school.
A. B. that C. where D. it
10. Is there a shop around _______sells China Daily?
A. who B. where C. in which D. which
11. She was the only one of the girls in our class _______ accepted as candidate for the president
of our Students’ Union.
A. who was B. who were
C. who has been D. who have been
12. She is no longer the sweet little girl ______ she used to be.
A. what B. who C. when D. that
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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
13. Is this singer ______ songs you like best?
A. who’s B. whose C. which D the one whose
14. He got angry with _____ was against his opinion.
A. who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
15. Anyone _____with what I said may raise your hand.
A. which agrees B. who agree
C. who agrees D. which agree
16. That’s the dog ______.
’ve been looking after B. after which we’ve been looking
C. what we’ve been looking after D. we’ve been taking care for
17. This is the last time ______ I’ll give you a lesson.
A. when B. that C. what D. as
18. The family _____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London.
A. whose B. which C. what D. whom
19. This is the very knife ______ I used to cut apples yesterday.
A. that B. by which C. which D. with which
20. China has many rivers, _____ the Yangtze River is the longest..
A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which
21. The use they are ______ the waste helps to save a lot of money.
A. made of B. made from
C. making up of D. making of
22. That tree, the branches _____ are almost bare, is a very old one.
A. whose B. in which C. of which D. of it
23. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
24. What is the way Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house?
A. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get
25. Jack spent as much time as he could ______ over his lessons.
A. going B. went C. go D. to go
26. The freezing point is the temperature ___water changes into ice.
A. at which B. on that C. when D. of which
27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _____ he can spare.
A. that B. in which C. in that D. when
28. This is the last time ______ I will write to you.
A. when B. that C. what D. as
29. I don’t like the way ______ he spoke to me.
A. what B. by which C. by that D.
30. The train ______ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.
A. by which B. on which C. for which D. on that
真题回顾
[2013?上海卷]38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______
interact with one another
A. that B. where C. who D. what
[2013?浙江卷] museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing
platform_________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.
A. what B. where C. when D. why


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高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
[2013?重庆卷] 24. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are
family members.
A．them B．that
C．which D．whom
[2013?陕西卷]16. is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor
arrived..
A. It B. That C. What D. As
[2013?四川卷]9. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they
live.
A. what B. which C. when D. where
[2013?山东卷]35. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the
outside world.
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
[2013?山东卷] is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
A. as B. that C. when D. where
[2013?辽宁卷] 34. He may win the competition, ________ he is likely to get into the
national team.
A．in which case B．in that case C．in what case D．in whose case
[2013?江西卷] 33. He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
A. what B. which C. where D. how
[2013?江苏] 32. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，________ he
remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A．where B．which C．what D．when
[2013?湖南卷] 21. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing
their own strengths.
A. whom B. who C. what D. which
[2013?福建卷]27. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________
lives were affected.
A. whose B. thatC. who D. which
[2013?北京卷] 27. Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and
plants can be protected.
A. when B. which C. whose D. where
[2013?安徽卷] 29. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________
made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true.
A．it B．that C．what D．which
[2013?天津卷]6. We have launched another man－made satellite，________ is announced in
today's newspaper.
A. that B. which C．who D．what
[2013?课标全国卷Ⅱ] I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I
would be staying.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
[2013浙江]5. The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what B. all of which C . all of them D. all of whom

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