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语法系列:定语从句讲解+练习附答案)

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2020-10-21 20:37
tags:定语从句讲解

virgin什么意思中文-新年快乐的英文怎么写

2020年10月21日发(作者:闵乃本)



定语从句命题规律及趋势
主要考查
:1)引导从句的关系代词和关系副词
2)非限制性定语从句中as 和which的区别
3)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
4)定语从句与名词性从句或强调句型的区别,以及与非谓语动词的重叠考查
5)关系代词作主语时谓语单复数的判断
Step I Translate the following sentences
1.The man who visited our school is from London.
2.Because of my poor memory, all that you told me has been forgotten.
3.Do you remember those days (thatwhich) we spent along the seashore very
happily?
4.Those who want to go please sign their names here.
5.Where is the man (whowhom) I met this morning?
6.The man to whom you talk just now is a worker.
7.The man with whom you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbor.
8.Have you read the book (thatwhich) I lent to you?
9.Finally, the thief handed over everything that he had stolen to the police.
10. This is the most beautiful country that we have visited.
11. This is the factory where we worked a year ago.
12. Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
13. How many students are there in your class whose homes are in the country?
14. As is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
15. He is absent as is often the case.
16. He failed in the exam, which proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
17. I don’t like the way (that in which) you speak to her.
18. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera as he lost
last week.
18. The foreign guests, most of whom were government officials, were warmly
welcomed at the airport.
19. I know only a little about this matter;you may ask someone who knows better
than I .
20. Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess.
总结:
1. 关系代词:_________ _________ ________ _______ ________
2. 关系副词:________ _________ ________
关系代词和关 系副词必须于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句
的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子的成 分。关系代词在从句中充当主,宾,(表);
关系副词在从句中充当状语。
考点:关联词的选择
解题指导
:1. 首先分析从句是否为定语从句
2. 分析定语从句的成分,看从句是否缺主语,宾语;缺时选择关系代词。
3. 观察先行词的特点:指人还是指物;是否被某些特殊词修饰,限制,句子结
构是否特殊。
Step II 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

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Eg: 1. My brother who lives in New York is a lawyer.
2. My brother, who lives in New York, is a lawyer.
3. They will fly to Kunming, where they stay for two or three days.
I was the only person in our office who was invited.
5. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
总结:
______ __________________________________________________ _____________
Step III 关系代词的用法
1.
总结
: 只用that不用which的情况:
a. _____________ ________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________ _______________________

c. ______________ _____________________________________________

d. ___________________________________________ __________________

e ____________________ _________________________________________

f ____________________________________________ _______________

g _______________________ ____________________________________
练一练
:1.我们应该设想到一切可能发生的状况。
______________ _________________________________________________
2. 这是我听过的最动听的一首歌了。
_______________________ ___________________________________________
3. 他们参观的第一个地方就是紫禁城。
_____________________________ _____________________________________
4. 这正是我丢的那本书。
___________________________________ _______________________________
2. 只用which不用that的情况 :
a) 引导非限制性定语从句
b) 介词+关系代词,
3. 代指先行词为人,多用who或只用who的情况:
(1) 关系代词在从句中作主语时多用who :
-- Do you know the man who spoke just now?
(2) 先行词为 all, anyone, one, ones等时,多用who
Anyone who breaks the rule will be punished.
(3) 先行词为those ,people 时多用who:
People who can see sometimes act as foolishly.
(4) 以there be 开头的句子中多用who
There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster.
(5) 非限制定语从句中代指人且作主语的只用who
(6) 一个句子带有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词使that另一个必须是who

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-- The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest.
4. Whose 引导定语从句。
? Mr King,___________________________ (腿受伤严重),was quickly taken to
hospital.
? It was a meeting __________________________________________ _______at
that time. (这次会议的重要性我当时没有意识到。)
? I saw some trees ___________________________ ____________________with
disease. (它们的叶子而变成了黑色。)
? The novel ____________________________________ (名叫红与黑) is very
interesting.
? The boss, _________________________ Mr King worked had heard about the
accident. (King 先生在他的公司工作)
? Tom, _______________________I went to school is a friend of mine.(我是骑着
他的车的)
总结
:whose 引导定语从句,其先行词不仅可以指人,还可以指物。
5. 介词 + 关系代词 (which whom whose) 关系代词前介词确定:
(1)根据介词与从句的先行词之间的习惯搭配
① The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look.
② 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
③ The beggar has no money with which he can buy food.
④ I’ll never forget the day on which we once stayed together.
⑤ This is the car in which we came here.
(2)根据介词与从句中动词的搭配习惯
① Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands?
② In the dark street there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
③ The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
(3)根据介词与从句中形容词的搭配习惯
① Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m not sure?
② This is the hero of whom we are proud.
(4)表示 “所有格” 或 “整体与部分关系”时,常用介词 of
① He lives in a room, whose windows the windows of which of which the
windows face south.
② There are over 3,000 workers, 80 % two thirds of whom are women.
③ We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of whom are healthy.
④ This dictionary, the few pages of which are missing, is of no use.
⑤ China has thousands of islands, of which the largest is Taiwan.
(5)介词短语+ 关系介词
-- There is a hill in my hometown, on the top of which stands a tower.
-- He lived in a big house, _____________________________ stood a big fall tree.
(在它的前面有棵树。)
(6) 介词+ which whom + 不定式结构 (
介词选择同定语从句
_)
-- There is no one to whom to turn for help.
-- I would like to buy a big house in which to live.
-- He is a real man with whom to talk.

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(7)有一些动词和介词构成的固定搭配,介词一般不能提前
Eg: look for look after look forward to come up with listen to operate on
练一练

1. As is known to all, the age _____ _________ children can go to school is seven.
1. Believe it or not, I don’t like the way _____ _________he spoke to me.
2. He borrowed a book the other day, the author ____ _______ is a worker.
3. The bike _____ ______ he went to school was stolen last week, which made him
feel sad.
4. Thank you for your help, __________ ________we could not have finished the
work in time.
5. Do you remember the building ______ _______ flew a red flag all the year round?
6. He built a telescope __________ ______ he could study the skies in his free time.
7. Did you attend the meeting yesterday ____ ____________ Mary talked a lot.
8. The desk ______ __________ Tom is leaning is Jack’s.
9. There’s no doubt that this is not the way _____ __________I came last time.
10. To tell the truth, the man _______ __________ you are waiting won’t come
tomorrow.
11. Look, they are climbing up a mountain, ____ __________ top stands an old
temple. on the top ____ ________ stands an old temple.
12. The reason _____ _______ it should be so is now clear. I don’t need to explain it
once more.
13. Can you see the speaker _____ _________ comes the voice, “Can I help you?”
14. I will never forget the days ________ __________ we worked together in a
foreign country.
15. Human’s facial expressions are different from animals’ in some degree ______
___________ humans can control their expressions.
6. as 在定语从句中的用法
(1) as 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式中
such the same + n. + as …像…一样的
such + a(an) + adj. + n. +….as … such + adj. + n. +….as …
so + adj + a(an) + n. + as … 和 …一样的
① This is not such a book as I expected..
② He is not so good a person as I expected.
③ Here is the same watch as you lost yesterday.
④ 像你描绘的这种人现在被看作傻瓜。
⑤ 他和过去不同了。__ ________________________________________________.
(2) as 引导非限制性定语从句与which 的区别
① A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses, as has happened in Iraq and
other countries.
② As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making
progress.
③ Sheila couldn’t come to the party, which was a pity.
④ Jim passed the driving test , __________ surprised everybody in the office .
⑤ The Beatles, ___________ many of you are old enough to remember ,came from

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Liverpool .
⑥ Last night ,they went to Tom’s party, ____________ they enjoyed very much .
⑦ Her sister has become a lawyer, ___________ she wanted to be .
⑧ Shirley said the she would have a two-week holiday in July, ________ , I think, is
impossible .
正如人人都能看到的__________________________________
众所周知 ___________________________________________
正如上面所提到的____________________________________
正如我们所预料希望的的 ________________________________
译:1.她考试失败了,这是自然的事。
_______________________ ______________________________________________
2.大家都知道,这种电脑是过时货。
________________________ _____________________________________________

总结:as: _______________________________________ _______________

which: ________________________________________________
7. 定语从句VS表语从句:若选择关系代词,发现前缺少先行词,需考虑加the
one (thatwho)来充当先行词
(1) Is this museum the one(that)you visited?
(2) Is that man the one (who) you are looking for?
(3) Is the factory ________ we visited the other day?
A. that B. which C. the one D. where
(4) Is this the book _________ you borrowed from him?
A. which B. in which C. the one D. where
(5) Is the house ___________ you were born?
A. in which B. the one that C. the one where D. the one
8. 定语从句中主谓保持一致
(1) 关系代词在从句中做主语时,从句中的谓语动词和其先行词保持一致。
-- I don’t know the man who is giving a speech.
-- People who like to go swimming please come this way.
(2) one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 +
复数动词

-- The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitor.
(3) the only one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 +
单数动词

-- The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the
moon.
Step IV 关系副词:在定语从句中充当状语, 有时用介词+关系代词代替,
when = atinonduring + which where = atinon + which why = for + which
注意关系代词与关系副词的区别:
1. Winter is the time of the year when the days are short and nights are long.
2. I’ll never forget the days which I spent in London.
3. Do you think the reason he gave is believable?
4. Do you know the reason why he was late?
5. Beijing, which is the capital of China, is developing fast now.

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6. I work in a business where almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.
7. “Gone are the days _________ I was young.” The eighty- year- old lady said.
8. Is this the reason ___________ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in
his work?
9. A fast food restaurant is the place __________, just as the name suggests, eating is
performed quickly.
10. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation __________ he is likely to lose control
over the place.
11. I think you’ve got to the point __________ a change is needed, otherwise you’ll
fail.
12. I can think of many cases __________ students master lots of words and phrase
but can’t write a good composition.
StepV 关系副词when where 的特殊考查。
1. We are living in an age____________ many things are done on computer .
2. We are just trying to reach a point __________ both sides will sit down together
and talk.
3. They have got into such a situation __________ they are at a loss.
4. If a shop has chairs ____________woman can park their man, woman will spend
more times in the shop .
5. There were dirty marks on her trousers _____________she had wiped her hands .
6. I can think of many cases ___________ students obviously knew a lot of English
words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
7. The school themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs
__________ they are being trained.
8. An example of them fraud (诈骗),a crime ________ money is stolen by cheating
others.
9. She will never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who had gone missing
two years before. (09川) A that B which C where D when
10. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ____ they can see themselves differently.
(09闽)A that B when C which D where
11 . I have reached a point in my life ____ I am supposed to make decisions of my
own. (09浙) A which B where C how D why
12 . Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged
6,000 yuan for one night. (09苏)
A if B when C which D since
13. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ____ I can be reached most evenings.
(08京) A which B when C whom D where
14. There were rare occasions __________ she stayed with her baby.
15. Wedding is a formal occasion __________ people usually dress well.
16. The young man experienced a stage of ups and downs _________, life was very
hard for him.
规律总结:
____ __________________________________________________ ______
StepVI. 定语从句与其他从句的区别
1. You should leave the toy ___________ you can find it .

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2. I still remember the bus stop ___________ I met you.
3. He is such a kind person ___________ everybody likes .
4. He is such a kind person ___________ everybody likes him .
5. The news ___________ he had been back surprised us all.
6. These houses are sold at such a low price__________ people expected .
7. (1) ______ is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are
making progress.
(2) ________ is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are
making progress.
(3) _______ was mentioned in his speech, he went on with further study abroad later.
8. (1) Miss Cox is a strict but good teacher, and she often cares about our life and
study at school.
(2) Miss Cox is a strict but good teacher, who often cares about our life and study at
school.
(3) Miss Cox is a strict but good teacher, one a person who often cares about our
life and study at school.
** This is our monitor (Our monitor is a student), a student (one) who always
studies hard.
** Do you know the boy, the one who is standing under the tree?
9. -- Where did you meet the famous actress?
-- It was in the supermarket _________ we went shopping last Sunday.
10. That is __________ I lived with my mother ten years ago.
11. That is the farm __________ I lived with my mother ten years ago.
12. That is __________ I talked of with my mother ten years ago.
Step VII 综合练习:
1. 他们在比赛中获胜的消息很快传来了。
______________________________________________ _______________________
2. 你昨天告诉我的消息是证实是真的的。 < br>_______________________________________________ ______________________
3. 正如我们所预料的,他没能考上大学。 ________________________________________________ _____________________
4. 我将永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那一天。 < br>_______________________________________________ ______________________
5. 他迟到的原因就是他的车抛锚了。
__________________________________________________ ___________________
6. 在这场事故中有20个人死亡,其中三分之二是孩子。
_____________________ ________________________________________________
7. Tom 是我们班唯一一个被邀请到晚会上的学生。
_______________ __________________________________________________ ____
8. 曾经有一段时间我很讨厌去上学。
__________________ __________________________________________________ _
9. 我向你推荐一家商店,在那里你可以买到所有你需要的东西。
Answers
StepIII.

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1. 总结 a: 先行词为不定代词 b: 先行词被不定代词修饰
c: 先行词包括人和物 d: 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰
e: 先行词前被the very, the right, the only, just the修饰
f: 先行词本身是who, what, which, 或由who,which引起的特殊问句。
g: 关系代词在从句中作表语的。
练一练:1) . We should expect everything that may happen.
2) This is the best song that we have ever heard.
3).The first place that they visited was Forbidden City.
4) This is the very book that I lost.
4. (1) whose leg was seriously injured (2) whose importance I didn’t realize
(3) whose leaves turned black (4) whose name is Red and Black
(5) in whose company (6) on whose bike
5. (5) in front of which
练一练:1. at which 2. in which that × 3. on which 4. without which 5. over
which 6. through which 7. at which 8. at which 9. in which that × 10. for
whom 11. on whose of which 12. for which 13. from whom 14. during which
6. (1)④ Such people as you describe are considered to be foolish
⑤ He is not such a person as he used to be.
(2) ④ which ⑤ which ⑥ which ⑦ which ⑧ which ⑨ as everyone can see
⑩ as we all know as is known to all
is mentioned above 12. as we expected as was expected
译:1. She failed in the exam, which is natural.
2. As we all know, this computer is old-fashioned.
7. (3) (4)(5) CAC
StepIV:7-14. – when; which; where; where; where; where;
StepV:1-8:when, where, where, where, where, where, where,where
9-13: DDBBD 14-16:when, where, when
StepVI: 1-6: where. where, as, that, that, 7. It, What, As
9-12: where, where, where, what
StepVII. 1. The news quickly spread that they won the game.
2. The news that you told me proves true.
3. As we had expected, he wasn’t admitted to university.
4. I will never forget the day which that we spent together.
5. The reason why he was late is his car broken down
6. There were 20 people killed in the accident, two-thirds of whom were children.
7. Tom is the only one in our class who has been invited to the party.
8. There was a time when I dislike going to school.
9. I recommend a shop to you, where you can buy everything you need.
10. The weather is improving, which is better than we expected.

8

summer什么意思-你不知道的我读后感


小型客货车-bi什么意思


rigorous-空谷足音的意思


obie-自学日语难吗


作文写信的格式-广州黑暗餐厅


呼啸山庄英文读后感-骑兵营


济的成语-相思染


门英语怎么读-blanc



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