中考英语复习定语从句专题讲解及练习

中考英语复习定语从句专题讲解及练习
【课前回顾】
一、 宾语从句
例词












词义
无
是否
是否
谁
谁
谁的
什么
哪一个




充当的成分
无
无
无
主语宾语
宾语
定语
主语宾语
定语
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
方式状语

宾语从句三要素：1. _________：_________
2. _________：_________ ___________ __________________
3. _________（见上表格）


二、动词的时态归纳（以时间为轴）

一般
进行
完成
现在



过去



将来




【知识精讲】 定语从句
一．复习定语: 找出下列句子中的定语.
The black bike is mine.（形容词）
What’s your name?（代词）
They make paper flowers.（名词）
I tell him something interesting. （形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语）
He has something to do. （to do为不定式作后置定语）
定语概念: 用来修饰名, 限定, 说明名词或代词的词.( 形容词, 代词,数词,名词, 介词短语, 分词,不定式,句

子说相当于形容词的词,短语及句子)

再看下面的句子:
Mary is a beautiful girl.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句
再看：The man who lives next to me is a teacher.
定语--- 定语从句

二．定语从句讲解
1. 概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。
The man who lives next to us is a policeman (who为关系代词)
先行词 关系词 定语从句
↙ ↘
关系代词 关系副词
2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。位于定语从句之前。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词。（连接主，从句，相当于一个连词）
4. 定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句
一般情况下，三者紧密挨着，顺序不可变。
5. 定语从句的分类:
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限 制性定语从句主句与从句之
间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

限制性定语从句：
e.g: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket．
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

非限制性定语从句：
came back， which made us happy． 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴
town has a big screen, where you can see live sports around the world.

练习：分析定语从句（标出先行词，划出定语从句）
1. He likes the apple that is red.
2. They said something that you didn't like.
3. This is the man who wants to see you.
4. This is the magazine from which I copied the paragraph.
5. I shall never forget those years when I lived on the farm with the farmers.


三．定语从句的考点：关系词引导定语从句的关系词：
必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）

关系代词
（缺主语
或者宾语）
指人
Who
主、宾格
Whom
宾格
Which
主、宾格
Where
地点状语
that
主、宾格
as
主、宾格
why
原因状语
as
主、宾格
whose
定语
--------
---------
whose
定语
--------
--------
指物
That
主、宾格
When
时间状语
关系副词

(缺状语)

--------
--------
The student who answered the question was John.
I know the reason why he was so angry.
The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.


关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A、引导定语从句；
B、代替先行词；
C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.

该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引
导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。


四．关系代词引导的定语从句（whowhomwhichthatwhose)
关
系
法
指
词
代

语


主语

whothat

whichthat


宾语

whomwhothat

whichthat


定语

whose

whose

指人

指物

【针对练习】
用适当的关系代词填空
1)The boys______________are playing football are from Class One.
2)Those______________ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
3)Mr Liu is the person ______________ you talked about on the bus.
4) The man ______________ you met just now is my old friend.
5)Football is a game______________ is liked by most boys.
6)The factory______________ makes computers is far away from here.
7)The number of people______________ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
8)Where is the man ______________ I saw this morning?

9)I visited a scientist______________ name is known all over the country.
10)He has a friend______________ father is a doctor.
11）I once lived in the house ______________ roof has fallen in.


解题技巧归纳：
1.划出主从句，标出先行词
2.根据先行词再句子所充当的成分来确定关系词（一般从句缺什么成分，它就做什么成分）

【提高练习】
1、Yesterday I helped an old man _____________ had lost his way.
2、 The season_____________comes after spring is summer.
3、That is the teacher _____________teaches us physics.
4、The professor_____________you are waiting for has come.
5、He likes to read books_____________are written by foreign writers.
6、The girl_____________ the teacher often praises is our monitor.
7、Do you like the book_____________ cover is yellow?
Do you like the book the cover of_____________ is yellow?
8、The house_____________ is by the lake looks nice.
9、This is the pen_____________he bought yesterday.
10、The film_____________they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
11、The person_____________ you introduced to me is very kind.
12、Yesterday I received a letter_____________ came from Australia.
13、This is the boy_____________ I played tennis with yesterday.
14、We’ll go to hear the famous singer_____________ we have often talked about.

15、The manager _____________ company I work in pays much attention to improving our working
conditions.


五．特殊情况：
限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况
1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，
或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。
1)Have you taken down everything____________Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
2)There seems to be nothing____________ is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不
可能的事。
3)All____________ can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。
4)There is little____________I can do for you. 我不能为你干什么。
5)He stayed in the library and looked up any information（ ）they needed. 他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。

2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。
The first place____________they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best film____________I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

4．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。
1)This is the very dictionary____________I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。
2)After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing ____________ he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧
车成了他的唯一拥有。
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。

1)Wang Hua is the only person in our school ____________will attend the meeting. 王华是我校唯一出席会议
的人。

5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
1)Who is the man____________is standing by the gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁？
2)Which is the T-shirt____________fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？

6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
1)They talked about the persons and things____________ they remembered at school
他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。
2)Look at the man and his donkey____________are walking up the street.瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。

【针对练习】

（ ）1. — What are you looking for?
--I am looking for the book ________ I bought yesterday.
A. who B. which C. whose
（ ）2. We know Jackie Chan ________ movies are very popular with the young.
A. whose B. that C. who D. which
（ ）3. Is this university_______ your elder brother will choose this year?
A. the one B. that C. where
（ ）4. —Do you know the boy _______ is standing under the tree? --Yes. He’s Peter. He’s new in our class.
A. where B. what C. who D. whose
（ ）5. The room ____ windows face south is his.

A. that B. which C. whose D. who’s

下列情况只用which，不用that
① 用于介词后，跟介词一起引导定语从句时。例如：
Galileo built a telescope through which he could study the universe.
I’m looking for a container in which I can put all these coins.
② 先行词本身是that时。例如：
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?
③ 引导非限制性定语从句时。例如：
There has just been a heavy rain, which makes the farmers delighted.

【针对练习】
（ ）1. The park, ____ we visited yesterday, is very nice.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
（ ）2. The first time ____ I saw her was in 1989.
A. when B. which C. that D. as
（ ）3. Pay attention to all ____ I do.
A. which B. in which C. what D. that
（ ）4. I’ve read all the books ____ you gave me.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
（ ）5. Is there anything ____ I can do for you?

A. what B. which C. that D. it

（ ）6. The woman ____ child had fallen ill was a doctor.
A. who B. her C. whose D.
（ ）7. The pen ____ I’m using ____ is hers.
A. which; it B. that; it C. it; D.
（ ）8. The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease ______ has caused many deaths.
A. who B. which C. whom D. what
（ ）9. The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new math teacher.
A. what B. whose C. who D. which
（ ）10. The skirt _________ is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.
A. what B. C. that D. it
（ ）11. I like the teacher ________ classes are very interesting and creative.
A. which B. who C. what D. whose
（ ）12. Jack, there is someone in the office ______ would like to speak with you.
A. who B. which C. whom
（ ）13. Shaolin Temple ____ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.
A. where B. which C. who D. what
（ ）14. We should give love to the children _______ lost their parents in the earthquake.
A. who B. whom C. those D. which
（ ）15.. --There are many volunteers ________ are helping the children in Sichuan.
--And most of them are college students.

A. which B. when C. whose D. who

【真题练习】
( )1、Last month, my mum got a new job________ is in HongKong! （越秀区）
A. which B. what C. who D. whose
( )2、He had made the same trouble with our horses,_______ caused him a lecture from his father about the
importance of not wasting water. （天河区）
A. which
( )3、The users___________ have the company’s mobile APP just need to use their phone to scan the QR
code(二维码)on the bike. (海珠区）

( )4、They came across four old men_______asked them to be more careful. （南沙区）

( )5、Their parents want them to do homework________ can help them get good marks. （黄埔区）
A. who B .which C. what D. when
( )6、There was a king________was always sad and easy to get angry. （白云区）

( )7、his friend Keith was a businessman supported him. （一中）

( )8、She put on a pile of long necklaces___________her grandmother had given her to play with. （二中）

( )9、Eating at restaurant hasn't always been known as the best choice for people ________ are trying to keep a

healthy diet. (七中)

( )10、A person_______ cares for others is popular everywhere. (育才实验)
A.
( )11、Ma's hero is Forest Gump 13 never gives up. (番禺华附)
C.
( )12、Levis Strauss--- a name that now is famous– was the man_______ invented jeans.

( )13、George’s grandma was a woman______was always complaining about something or other. (2017 中考)
A. who







区分定语从句和宾语从句：
主要区别是位置和作用不同。

从句的类型是由从句的位置或者说从 句起的作用决定的。从句放在宾语的位置、起宾语的作
用就是宾语从句；放在名词代词之后、起定语的作 用就是定语从句（修饰名词代词的词叫定
语，修饰名词代词的从句就叫定语从句）。
eg: I don't know why he was late.
我不知道他为什么迟到了。
(why he was late放在了know之后，占了动词know的宾语的位置，所以叫宾语从句。）
I don't know the reason why he was late.
我不知道他（为什么）迟到的原因。
（why he was late放在了the reason之后，是用来修饰the reason的，也就是the reason的定语，
所以叫定语从句。）
同样是这个从句，只因为位置不同、作用不同，类型也就不同了。如果是Why he was late is still
unknown. 那why he was late就叫主语从句了（因为它放在了is之前，占了is的主语的位置)。
Could you please tell me something about what you did last weekend?
这个句子中what...放在了about之后，about是介词，后面要加 宾语，what从句占了介词about
的宾语的位置，那就是宾语从句。




【巩固练习】

一．真题（60分）
humans have created things like plastic bags _____ can’t be broken down by nature.
A. who B. which C. how D. Where
er he was late，he could find plenty of excuses sounded reasonable．
A．who B．where C．when D．which
in Japan，only romantic partners come together,while in America，it can be shared by anyone
is close，friend or lover．
A．whom B．who C．whose D．which
4..But Harry, lived next door to Jack, said he didn’t need one.
A. which B. whose C. that D. who
story ____ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.
A whose B who C that D where
6. I still remember the park ___ we first met.
A that B which C where D when
7. The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what C. whose D. Who
8. —Do you know of Guo Mingyi?
—Yes. He is an ordinary(普通的)worker ______ helps many poor children in China. We should follow his
example.
A. that B. which C. whom

9. The Palace Museum is the best place _________ I’ve ever visited.
A. that B. which C. where ` D. what
10. Teenagers like reading the books _____ are written by Guo Jingjing.
A. who B. what C. whose D. that
11. —Do you know the man ______ is standing at the door?
—Yes, I do. He's a friend of_____.
A. when; I B. who; mine C. that; me D. which; my
12. She is the girl invention got the first prize in the school competition .
A．who B．that C．which D. whose
13. I’ll remember the old buildings I visited in the village.
A. where B. which C. who
14. A friend is someone______ says,
A. who B. Which C. What D. whose
15.一Linda, cm you tell me something about Mo Yan?
—Sure. He is the writer ______won the Nobel(诺贝尔) Literature Prize.
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
16. A Wechat (微信) is an invention ______ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D
17. I like the cartoon ______ has a happy ending and makes me ______.
A. which; to laugh B. that; to laugh C. whose; laughing D. which; laugh
18. Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine.

A. who B. what C. that D. whom
19. —Excuse me, Could you tell ?—Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.
A. where is the museum B. which is the way to the museum
C. how far is the museum D. how can I get to the museum
20. People are talking about the old houses ____ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A. which B. where C. who D. when
21. — Do you know Mo Yan?
— Of course. He is the famous writer _________ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A. who B. whom C. Which
22. Most students like the teachers understand them well.
A. which B. who C. where D. when
23. I still remember the college and the teachers_____________I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who C. that D. which
24．They had a long talk about the persons and things_____ they both knew．
A．whom B．what C. that D．which
25．That is the very book______ I am looking for.
A．that B．which C．what D．as
26．Who is the scientist_____ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?
A．that B．who C. which D．whom
27．Could you tell me when to get the book______ I want to read?
A．what B．who C．／ D．it
28．The days_____ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.

A. when B．which C．who D．on which
29．He was seriously ill when he was a child, ____ made him lose his sight.
A. as B. that C. which D. it
30. The house fell and hurt a woman and her dog ___ were just passing by.
A. which B. as C. that D. who


二、造句。请用定语从句写出下列句子。（每题4分，共40分。）
1.这是一本封面是蓝色的书.
___________________________ __________________________________________________ ___
_____
2.
窗户最大的那间房间是我的.

___ __________________________________________________ ___________________________
_____

3. 他是那个帮助了我的老师.
_________________________________ _______________________________________________
_____
4. 正在做演讲的女孩是我们班的班长.
______________ __________________________________________________ ________________
_____
5. 这个话题是我感到厌倦的.
__________________________________________________ ______________________________
_____
6. 北京是我的出生地.

________________________ __________________________________________________ ______
_____
7.她是我在聚会上遇到的那个女孩.
______ __________________________________________________ ________________________
_____
8.这是你将住的旅馆.
______________________________________________ __________________________________
_____
9.这是他看过的最好的电影.
___________________________ __________________________________________________ ___
_____
10.这是我用英语写的第二篇文章.
__________ __________________________________________________ ____________________
_____


三、请用宾语从句写出下列句子。
1.
我认为它不能飞。

__ __________________________________________________ ____________________________
____


2. 他说他想待在家。
______________________________ __________________________________________________
____

3. 我想知道他昨天是否借了我的字典。
________ __________________________________________________ ______________________
____

4. 你知道他们在等谁吗？
____________________________ __________________________________________________ __
____

5. 你能告诉我城堡在哪里吗？
__________ __________________________________________________ ____________________
____

6. 跟我讲讲你昨天在商场买了什么。
______________________________ __________________________________________________
____

7. 老师告诉我们光比声走得快。
___________ __________________________________________________ ___________________
____

8. 他不知道火车为什么迟到。
_________________________________ _______________________________________________
____

9. 我妈妈问哪一本书是我的。
_______________ __________________________________________________ _______________
____

10. 你能教我怎样使用电脑吗？
______________________________________________ __________________________________
____