ham什么意思-grandpa是什么意思
初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题
在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或
代词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that
。
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。
一、who引
导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表
示人的先行词。
This is the man who helped me.
The
boy whowhom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.
二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,口
语中可以省略。
The doctor (whom) you are
looking for is in the room.
The person
(whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.
=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.
(介词后 whom不能省略)
The babies whom the
nurses are looking after are very healthy.
(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开,仍放在动词之后。
look for look
after take care of put on take off…)
三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行
词。
Do you know the woman whose name is Mary.
Pass me the dictionary whose cov
er is black.
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
四、that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的
先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.
(that指人时,相当于who
或者whom;指物时,相当于which)
The letter (thatwhich) I received was from my
father.
I can’t find the letter
thatwhich came this morning.
Do you
still remember the days (thatwhich)we spent
together ?
This is the man thatwho
helped me.
The house (thatwhich) we live
in is not large. =The house in which we live is
not l
arge.
The doctor (thatwhom
who)you are looking for is in the room.
五、which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词
的宾语,修饰表示物
的先行词。
This is the book (whichthat ) you
want.
The building whichthat stands near
the river is our school.
The room in
which there is a machine is a
workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)
The house
(whichthat) we live in is not large.
This is the watch (whichthat ) he was looking
for.
六、that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词,
但是下列情况只能用that.
①. 先行词为不定代词all, few,
little, much, everything, nothing, anything等.
All (that) you have to do is to practise
every day. There isn’t much (that) I can do.
Tell us everything that you
know, please.
Is there anything that
you don’t understand?
②.
先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.
The first lesson
(that) I learned will never be forgotten.
This is the best film (that ) I have ever
seen.
③. 先行词被all, any, every, few,
little, no, some, much 等不定代词修饰时.
I have
read all the books (that) you gave me.
④. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same
等修饰时.
This is the very book that I want
to read.
This is the same book that
I want to read.
This is the last time (
that ) I shall give you a lesson.
This
is the only thing that I can remember.
七、由when
引导的定语从句,修饰表示时间的先行词,when为关系副词,
做定语从句的时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to
Beijing.
I still remember the day on
which I first came to Beijing.
(
介词+which可以代替 when)
I’ll never forget the
time when we worked on the farm.
I
remember the days whichthat we spent together.
八、由where
引导的定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词,where为关系副词,
做定语从句的地点状语。
This is the place where we lived for five
years.
The factory where his father
works is in the west of the city.
The
factory in which his father works is in the west
of the city.
( 介词+which可以代替where)
This is a place whichthat I wanted to visit.
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
九、Why引导的定语从句,why做原因状语。
I know
the reason why he came late. ( for+which可以代替why)
The reason why for which he was late was
that he was ill.
十、关系代词在从句中作主语,谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。
The
student who is good at English studies hard.
The students who are good at English study
hard.
十一、定语从句可分为两大类,即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉的话,主
句的意思就不完整,
意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词(不用
逗号隔开)如:
I
was the only person in my office who was invited.
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行词起补充、
说明的
作用,也就是说即便去掉定语从句,句意也不受影响。主从句之间常用逗
号分开,且非限制性定语从句不
能用that来引导。
This was the American Civil
War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in
t
he end.
一、用关系代词(that
、which 、who、 whom 、whose)或关系副词
(when、 where、
why)填空。
1.This is the man
_______________ wants to see you.
2.The
student __________________ answered the question
is Zhang Hua.
3.The man
_________________ you went to see has come.
4.The man __________________I met yesterday
lent me some money.
5.The woman
______________________ you saw is our geography
teacher.
6.Here is the pen
________________ you lost the day before
yesterday.
7.These books
____________________ you lent me were very useful.
8.A clock is a machine __________________
tells people the time.
9.This is the
shirt ______________________I bought yesterday.
10.The book ___________________ is on the
table is mine.
11.The film
___________________ they are talking about is very
interesting.
12.I will never forget the
people and the places ____________ I have ever
visited.
13.Is there anyone
___________________ family is in Beijing?
14.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a
well-known singer.
15.The
boy_____________ father is a teacher is good at
English.
16.I don’t know the reason
__________________ he was late for the class.
17.A birthday is the date ____________
one was born.
18.Do you know the reason
________ no one questioned Aristotle's theory for
a
bout 2,000 years?
19.Do you still
remember the days ___________________we spent
together last
term?
20.Shanghai is
the city ______________ I was born.
21.The house _____________ I lived ten years
ago has been pulled down.
22.I still
remember the day ______________I first came to the
school.
23.The time ______________we got
together finally came.
24.Please tell me
the reason ______________ you missed the plane.
25.I don’t know the reason_______________
he looks unhappy today.
26.Everything
_____________ I know will be taught to the
students.
27.This is the best film
_____________ I have ever seen.
28.The
manager walked toward the gate ____________ the
workers are w
aiting.
29.You can’t go
into this room ____________ they are having a
meeting.
30.I still remember the days
_____________ we studied together.
31.The picture ____________ has a house and
flowers is the one I like best.
32.He failed
in the exam, _____________ surprised us all .
33.Her parents wouldn’t let her marry
anyone ____________ family was p
oor.
34.Tom, ____________ parents are poor workers,
always goes hungry.
二、单项选择。
(
)1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought
yesterday.
A. that B. who C.
whom D. this
( )2. The man _____
lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who
D.
( )3. The girl _____ you saw in
the street is Mary.
A. that B.
whose C. which D. as
( )4. Is this
the factory _____ a lot of students visited
yesterday?
A. the one B. which
C. who D. whom
( )5. Is this factory
_____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one B. that C. which D.
( )6. The only language _____ is easy
to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C. D. it
( )7. The
girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in
the street to the po
lice.
A. which B. in which C. that D. all
(
)8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That B. Who C. The one who
D. The students who
( )9. Please show
me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
(
)10. This is the best book _____ I have been
looking for all this year.
A.
who B. whom C. which D.
( )11. This
is the only article of these that _____ written by
him.
A. was B. were C. is D.
are
( )12. The man _____ was here
just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who C. D. he
( )13. The boy _____
has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door
B. which lives next door C. whom
lives next door D. that lives next door
( )14. Those _____ made no mistakes in
today’s exercises please raise your han
ds.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
( )15. Don’t go in, this is the shop
_____ we have just been _____.
A. , to B. that, C. where, to D. which, there
( )16. He is the most careful boy
_____ I know.
A. what B. which
C. as D. .
( )17. This is the
school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there
(
)18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous
scientist was born?
A. where B.
in that C. that D. which
( )19. The
factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last
week.
A. when B. where C. that
D. which
( )20. Do you still remember
the day _____ we first met?
A.
that B. when C. what D. on that
(
)21. The time _____ we studied together is not
easily forgotten.
A. that B. when C.
where D. in which
( )22. October
1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where D. in which
( )23. October 1,1949 was the
day _____ the People’s Republic of China was
foun
ded.
A. which B. when
C. where D. in which
( )24. Is this
the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which D. what
( )25. Is this museum _____ they
visited last month?
A. that B.
which C. where D. the one
( )26. I
still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother
and I used to sit in the eve
ning.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
三、句型转换
1.The film is interesting. They saw it
last night.
________________________
_______________________________________
_______
_
2.The students will not pass the exam.
They don’t work hard.
_______________
________________________________________________________
3.The lady is our teacher.
You saw her just now.
____________
__________________________________________________
_
________
4.I was reading a book.
The book is about a boy.
___________
__________________________________________________
__
________
5.He is the young
writer.He wrote the book.
_________
__________________________________________________
____
________
6.I like Chinese tea
with nothing in it.
I like Chinese
tea _______________ ______________nothing in it.
7.The girl who is wearing the red coat is
very clever.
The girl ______________
the red coat is very clever.
8.The
strange thing with three legs was used for
drinking long before.
The strange thing
_______ ________ three legs was used for drinking
long b
efore.
参考答案
答案:
1.
that 2. that 3. where 4. where 5.
when 6. which that 8. which 9. that
10
. whose 11. whose
一. 单项选择
定语从句
1~5 A C A B A 6~10 B C C A D 11~15
C B D D A 16~20 D C A B B 21~26 B B B A D D
二. 在下列定语从句中,用适当的介词填空。
1. with
2. through 3. from 4. by 5. of 6.
under 7. without 8. to 9. in 10. at
11. on 12. on 13. of 14. against
15. of