限制性定语从句的译法

教案
第八部分 从句的翻译
教学目的: 帮助学生掌握翻译英语从句的基本技巧。
教学重点: 如何灵活处理英语中的各种类型的从句。
教学难点: 如何灵活使用各种翻译技巧，摆脱英文原文的束缚，从而产生符合中
文习惯的句子 。英语从句的翻译对译者的英文理解能力提出了比较高的
要求。所以，译者首先需要弄清句子的语法关系 。然后分析原文句子间
的从属关系。最后，将这些句子按照符合中国人思维习惯或中文构句习
惯 的逻辑顺序或时间顺序重新排列。
教学方法: 任务驱动，集体讨论
教学手段: 多媒体
教学情景: 参与广州外商活动中心口笔译任务(外商接待，关于广州投资环境会
议)
时间分配:
第1，2节: 名词性从句的翻译
主语从句的译法;
宾语从句的译法;
表语从句的译法;
同位语从句的译法
翻译实践
第3，4节: 定语从句的翻译
限制性定语从句的译法
非限制性定语从句的译法
翻译实践
第5，6节：状语从句的翻译
时间状语从句的译法
因果状语从句的译法
让步状语从句的译法
翻译实践

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名词性从句的翻译
名词从句就是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。名词性从句 包括主语从句，宾语从句，
表语从句和同位语从句。翻译这类句子时，根据从句与主句的长短和紧密程度 ，可以将从句
译为句子的成分或者处理为与主句并列的单句。

主语从句的译法
1. Where we are today has to be one of the most commercially dynamic places in the world.
我们今天所处的地方是全世界最具商业活力的地区之一。
2．What I want to say is that the computer Internet is transforming business operation patterns.
我所要说的是，计算机因特网正在改变商务运作的模式。
以it作形式主语所引出的真正主语从句，翻译视情况可以提前也可
以不提前。
1. It’s no wonder that Guangdong, with only 3% of China’s population, produces 9% of its GDP,
attracts 15 of its foreign investment, and generates 13of its export.
广东仅生活着中国3%的人口，生产却占国 内生产总值的9%，吸引外资总量的15，出口在
整个中国占13， 这并不让人感到奇怪。
2. It was therefore only logical that the first thorough reform in Germany in 1948 was a
“currency reform” with the introduction of the Deutsche Mark as a new monetary unit and at
the same time the establishment of a fixed rate of exchange with the previous currency.
因 此，唯一符合逻辑的是，1948年德国进行的彻底改革属于“货币改革”，期间德国马克被
作为新的货 币单位推出，而且同时建立了与以前的币种进行交换的固定汇率制。
3． It seems to me that the Fair has got the whole China behind it.
我觉得整个中国都在支持这个交易会。

宾语从句的译法
1. Guangdong has about 16million telephone users。This means that the entire traffic could be
handled by four fibers.
广东有1600万个电话用户，这意味着四根光纤就可以搞定整个信息交通了。
2. International experience suggests that Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
infrastructure and services can have a substantial impact on the competitiveness of firms, nations

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and regions.
各国的经验表明，信息交流技术的基础设施和服务对于一个公司，一个国家乃至一个地区的
竞争 力都发挥着相当重要的作用。
3. This dramatic economic progress shows what is possible when governments leave more
decision-making power in the hands of private enterprises and individuals.
种种巨大的经济成就表明，政府允许私营企业和个人享有更多的决策权能带来什么样的变
化。
4．This local wisdom is very much in line with what we are driving to achieve at Kodak as we
work to execute on our strategies.
这种本地化的智慧与柯达在执行战略时要努力达到的目标非常一致。
5. Last year our CEO committed the BP Amoco Group to a carbon dioxide emission reduction
target of 10% by 2010, on a 1990 base and to reporting openly how and where we are achieving
the targets.
去年，我们公司的首席执行官承诺BP阿莫科集团要在2010将二氧化碳的排放量 在1990年
的基础上削减10%，而且不断公开在这方面的发展情况。

表语从句的译法
1. The second general message is that future growth must be sustainable.
第二个原则是，未来的增长必须具有可持续性。
2．The good thing about our relationship is that we want nothing from each other.
我们的关系中有一点很好，那就是我们都不想从对方那里获得什么。

同位语从句的译法
同位语从句可以提前也可以保持原来的顺序
1. In fact, I have no doubt that I’ll learn in something today that I can take home and share with
other leaders in New York State, where Kodak’s headquarters is located.
事实上，今天我将学到一些东西，并能将我的收 获带回去，和柯达总部所在地纽约州的其他
领导们分享，对此我深信不疑。
2． Leadership in the digital Renaissance will be about the realization that everyone on this earth
is born with the potential to lead.
数字复兴的领袖将要努力实现使这个地球上每个人都有成为领袖的潜能。

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翻译实践
1. It’s estimated that by the year 2010 the revenues will exceed 9 billion USD per year.
2．It is our sincere wish that we continue to work closely together enhance our friendly
relationship and to ensure a sustained growth in our economic, financial and trade cooperation.
3. What is simple is easy to grasp, what is simple is easy to follow, what is easy to grasp becomes
familiar, what is easy to follow is effective, what is familiar will become habit, what is effective is
scalable, what is habitual becomes virtue, what is scalable enables the virtuous man to achieve
great things.
4. It is important to realize that protection of intellectual property rights does not only benefit
foreign copyright holders, it is even more important for domestic software companies.
5. I’m wondering why the Guangzhou Municipal Government decided to undertake such a great
project.
6. I guess that the Fair was transferred to this new construction because of its expansion in scale?
7. I believe that the British Government was the first, anywhere in the world, to appoint a Minister
with specific responsibilities for Corporate Social Responsibility.
8. You may wonder why the EU or – in general terms – the world economy needs anti-dumping
legislation.
9. My prediction is that Guangdong Province will not only remain an economic power, but will
also become a major province with advanced higher education in the near future.
10. I’m particularly happy with the fact that the University Town is surrounded by the Pearl River.


参考译文
1.预计到2010年广州的财政收入将超过90亿美元。
2．我们真诚 地希望彼此之间继续密切合作，发展我们的友好关系，确保我们在经济，金融
和贸易方面的合作持续增长 。
3.易则易知，简则易从。易知则易亲，易从则有功。有亲则可久，有功则可大。可久则贤人之德，可大则贤人之业。
4.必须意识到保护知识产权不仅可以使外国版权持有人受益，对国内软 件公司而言有着更为
重要的意义。
5.我想知道广州市政府为什么决定要建设如此巨大的工程。
6.我猜，是因为交易会的规模扩大了，你们才将它搬到新馆里面来的吧？

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7.我相信英国是世界上第一个任命一位部长来负责企业社会责任的国家。
8 .大家可能会提出这样的问题：为什么欧盟，或者就更大范围而言，世界经济，需要反倾销
法呢？
9.我预言广东省不仅将维持其经济强省的地位，也会在不久的将来成为高教大省。
10.我特别喜欢大学城被珠江环绕。

定语从句的译法
定语从句分 为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。前者和先行词关系紧密，决定着句子
的意义，所以往往译为先行 词的定语。后者主要是对先行词加以描述和说明，所以往往单独
译为一句，与主句为并列关系。当然，在 某些情况下，第一种策略可以用于非限定性定语从
句；而第二种可以用于限定性定语从句。除此之外，两 种定语从句都可以在翻译中处理为句
子的一个成分。另外，有些定语从句与主句实际上是条件，因果，转 折，目的等逻辑关系，
所以在翻译中还可以将这样的定于从句转换为状语从句。
限制性定语从句的译法
1. 译为汉语定语
1. I’m hesitant to offer advice to a province that has been so successful.
为一个已经这样成功的省提建议，我不胜惶恐。
2. Sustainable development was defined by the UN Commission on Environment and
Development in 1987 as “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generation to meet their own needs.”
19 87年联合国环境与发展委员会将可持续发展定义为“在满足目前需求时不会对未来后代
满足他们的需求 造成负面影响的发展。”
3．The whole world is watching with great interest the remarkable changes that are taking place in
China, particularly in Guangzhou, a thriving and robust megalopolis.
整个世界都在以极大的兴趣注视着中国正在发生的巨大变化，尤其是注视着广州这座蓬勃向
上的特大型城 市所发生的巨大变化。
4．A lot of effort is concentrated on maximizing the amount of information that can be transmitted
using this single wavelength.
研究的精力主要集中在如何使单一波长所传输的信息量达到最大化。


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