初中宾语从句讲解及练习

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宾语从句
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它在句中可以充当及物动词、介词或形容词的 并与。宾语从句的
三大考点即：引导词、时态和语序。
一、宾语从句的引导词
1. that 引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连接词 that 引导， that 在口语、非正式文体中常
被省略。
He says(that) he has bee n to Sha nghai twice.他说他去过上海两次。
She said (that) she went to the park last week. 她说她上周去公园了。
2. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问词就是引导词。特殊疑问词引导的宾
语从句疑问 词不可省略。
Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting? 你能告诉我们将在哪儿开会
吗？
I wondered what I should do next. 我想知道下一步该做什么。
3. if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句
( 1)当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，
whether
只起到连接作用， 不充当句子成分， 一般情况下可互换， 但 if 常用于口语中， whether 常用于
正式文体中。
I want to know if whether he is waiting for me. 我想知道他是否在等我。
Could you tell me if whether you have been to Australia? 你能告诉我你是否去过澳
大利亚吗？
( 2)下列情况下一般只能用
① 与 or not 连用时
I don
'
t know whether he likes the movie or not我不知道他喜不喜欢这部电影。
② 作介词的宾语时
Everything depends on whether we have enough time. 一切取决于我们是否有足够的 时间。
③ 放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组时
She hasn
'
t decided whether to go or n她还没决定去还是不去。
④ 作 discuss 等词的宾语时
We discussed whether we should close the sho p.我们讨论了是否该关闭那家商店。
二、 宾语从句的时态
(1) 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可用其所需的任何时态。
He says (that) he has seen this film. 他说他已经看过这部电影了。
He says (that) he is watching TV. 他说他正在看电视。
(2) 如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句常用过去的某种时态。
He said they would go to Hainan winter holiday. 他说他们将去海南度假。
She didn ' t know if they had seen the mov她不知道他们是否看过那部电影了。
注意：
如果从句的内容表示的是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象等，虽然主句用了过去时态， 从句仍然用一般
现在时。
The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转动。
The teacher said light travels faster than sound. 老师说光比声音传播得快。
三、 宾语从句的语序
whether：
要用 if 或 whether 引导，意为 “是否 ”。 If 和

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当宾语从句是疑问句时，要用陈述语序。
's his father ' s他父me叫什么名字？
't know what his father '我不0知道他父亲叫什么名字？
PWhen will they leave for Shanghai?你们什么时候去上海？
lean you tell me when they will leave for Shanghai?你能告诉我他们什么时候去上海吗？
四、宾语从句的否定转移
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主语为第一人称，谓语动词是
expect等词时，通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词中。
I don ‘ t believe he will com我相信他不会来了。
I don
'
t think there is anything wrong with the radio我认为这台收音机没有毛病。
注意：
1.
意思疑问句由从句来
决定。
I don ‘ t think he is an honest boy, is h我认为他不是一个诚实的孩子，对吗？
2. 若主句的主语不是第一人称，则该句的反意疑问句由主句来决定。
You believe he will come here soo n, don
练习
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1. These flowers are from Guan gdo ng. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _________from Guan gdo ng.
2. Light travels faster tha n sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____ light ________faster tha n sound.
3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn
你相信他很u快就会来这儿，不是吗？
当宾语从句的否定转移时， 若主句的主语是第一人称， 则该句的反
think, believe, suppose.
'
t know.
Jack didn
'
t know ______ there ____________ a meeting in five days.
4. Can they sp eak Fren ch? I want to know.
I want to know
5. Are the childre n p layi ng games? Tell me.
Tell me _______ the childre n ____________ games.
6. Have you fini shed your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang____________________________ homework yet.
7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who kno ws?
Who knows ________________________________________ in the picture?
8. Where did she park her car? Do you know?
Do you know __________________ her car?
9. What does he ofte n talk about? The girl won dered.
The girl won dered ___________ ofte n _______ about.
10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don ‘ t know.
French.
I don ‘ t know ______________ at the door so loudly.
11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.
I don't know he still in that street.
12. What's his name? I asked him.

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I asked him what __________________ .
13. Whe n does the train arrive? PI ease tell me.
PI ease tell me

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14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.
He asked the boys _______ they _____ fried chicken.
15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.

I don't know ______ the watch ______ made in Shanghai.
、完成句子

（
1． I wanted to know ____________________________________
她在和谁交谈 ） _（ 他

2． He said ____________________________

以前见过我 ） 我所做的
事 ） _（谁能回答这个问题
3． I'm sorry for ______________________ ______________ (
4． The teacher asked _________________

_（她将乘飞机去那里 （ 她
是否有一些钱 ） 我们下一
步该做什么 没有数学难 ）

5． Jane said that _____________________
6． I wanted to know __________________
（ 昨天天气是否晴朗
7． We haven't decided ________________
_______________
(
（ 是如何处理这件事的 ）
8． I think that English is ___________ ______________ (
9． I'm not sure _______________________ _______________
是否要下雨 ） 她是否来
10
He asked me
还是不来 ）
_______________________
．
11

________________________ ______________ (
．
Do you know
12
I wanted to know __________________ ______________ (

．
三、用合适的连接词填空。

1. Jim told me ___ he didn't go fishing yesterday
afternoon.
2. Do you know _______ else is going to be on duty
today ？
3. She said ___ it wouldn't matter much. ( that, if )
4. He always thinks ______ he can do better. (how, who )
( how, why)
who, whom )
how long, how soon )
5. I really don't know ______ the bridge will be
7. We are talking about _____ we ' ll go back tomorrow. (whether, if)
8. I was really surprised at ___ I saw. (where, what)
9. I don't know __ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)
10. Do you know _______ you are studying for? (why, what)
四、句型转换。
1. “ Do you want to try it? m's mo”theTroasked him.( 同义句 ) Tom's
mother asked him ______________ _______ ______ to try it.
2. I think this is a good idea. (改为否定句)
I _________ ________ this _______ a good idea.
3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy. (改为复合句 Lucy hasn't
decided ____________________ _________ ________ ___
4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital. (改为简单句
I don't know _______ ________ ________ to the hospital.
5. I don ' t suppose they will come,
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he
(go) to school tomorrow.
_改?为( 反意疑问句 )
buy.
2. Do you know who _______ (be) the first man to walk on the
moon?
3. Could you tell me where the post office ___ (is)?
4. Our father said that he ____ (will) buy a new computer.
5. I hear that he
(swim) in the sea yesterday.

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6. The little boy tells us where his father _ (work).
7. He said that he ________ (finish) his work already.
8. They thought they could ______ (hike) to the top of the mountain.
9. He was glad that so many people _____ (help) him.
10. She doesn ' t know whether ________ (go) or wait.
六、选择填空。
) 1. What did Mike say? He said _____
A. if you are free the next
week
C. the weather is fine
) 2. Tom asked my friend _____________
A. where was he from
) 3. Let me tell you _________________ .
A. how much is the car
C. how much did I pay for the car ) 4.
Peter knew _____________________ .
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when they will leave for Paris ) 5. Could you tell me ?
A. where do you live
C. who were you waiting for
B. who you are waiting for
D. where you live in
B. how much does the car cost
D. how much I spent on the car
B. that the earth is bigger than the
moon D. not to be so angry
B. what color was it
D. summer comes after spring
) 6. I can't understand ___ the boy alone.
A. why she left B. why did she leave
C. why she had left D. why had she left
) 7. She told me the sun _____ in the east.
A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
) 8.I don't know ______ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got ) 9. The
manager came up to see
A. what was the matter

B. what the matter was
D. what's the matter C. what the matter is
) 10. He asked his father __ A. where it happens C. how it happened
) 11. No one tells us ___ , so we need
B. where did it happen
your help.
D. how did it happen
A. how we should do
B. what should we do
C. how to do it D. what to do it
) 12. Could you please teach me ________ the computer.
A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking

) don't know ______ their parents are.
A that B what C why D which 参考答案：

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一、 , were , travels , would be her they can speak her,
are playing her he had finished his 7. how many people you can see she
parked he, talked knocked her, lives name was her,
wanted her, was
二、 1. whom she was talking with
2. he had seen me before
3. what I have done
4. who could answer the question
5. she would go there by plane
6. ifwhether she had any money
7. what we should do next
8. not so difficult as maths
9. ifwhether it will be sunny tomorrow
10. what I did with the matter
11. if it is going to rain
12. whether she would come or not
三、

四、 her he wanted
't think, is trousers she can to get
they
五、 go 3. is
六、 1—5: DDDBB

1 1— 1 3:CCB
finished go
6— 1 0:ACDBC
soon r r