初中宾语从句详细讲解与练习

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宾语从句
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中 的一员，在复合句中作主句谓语
动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。
在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如： I know that the man is a policeman.
主句 引导词 从句
宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句
的时态。
Ⅰ.宾语从句的引导词
1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：
My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1. I know …
2. She says …
3. Tell your friend …
（that）
is a book.
like singing.
worked last night.
will go home.
has been to Beijing.
sings well.

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2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：
(1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t know
I don’t know if whether Jim is a good student.
(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?
Do you know if whether Kate gets up early?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
you know …
2.I want to know …
teacher asks …
ifwhether
he reading ?
you get up at six?
Tom work hard?
you watch TV ?
they read books ?
you sing ?
注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况
? 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种 情况只能用whether：
? ①与or not连用：
He asked me whether or not I was coming. Let me know whether you can come or
not.
? ②在介词之后：
It depends on whether it is going to rain. I worry about whether I hurt her
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feelings
? ③在不定式之前：
We haven’t decided whether to go there. I don’t know whether to accept or
refuse.
3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：
is she doing? Can you tell me?
Can you tell me what she is doing?
does she live? Do you know?
Do you know where she lives?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
you know …
2.I want to know …
3. Can you tell me …
1. What is this ?
2. What are you doing ?
3. Where do you live ?
4. When does he get up ?
5. How did you go to work?
6. Who will you play with?
Ⅱ.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序
句式
陈述句
连词
That
语序
不变
例句
I think that we can be good
friends.
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一般疑问句 ifwhether 改为陈述语
序
I can’t remember if I posted the
letter.
He asked who was our English
teacher.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 改为陈述语
序
注意事项:
(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter?
What’s happening?
eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there?
Ⅲ.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________时态。
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow.
Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态（一般过去时， 过去进
行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
特殊情况：
1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。
Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.
He told the boy that three and three is six.
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Could you tell me where the bookshop is.
2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。
The teacher told me she was born in 1960.
[即学即练]子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2) Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know ______ there ______ ____ a meeting in five days.
4) Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______
_______ French.
5) Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______
games.
6) Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _______ _______ ______ _____ _____ homework yet.
7) How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8) Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
9) What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.
The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
10) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know _______ _______ at the door so loudly.
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11) Does he still live in that street? I don't know.
I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
12) What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ ____ ______.
13) When does the train arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
14) Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _____they
_____fried chicken.15）Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.
I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.。
2)—I don’t know ________ Mr. Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English.
A. why B. when C. how
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