海鸥拼音-blank什么意思中文
被动语态
例如:The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Your
homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
姓名:____________ 时间:_____________
编号:_________
一、被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与
谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态
和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是
动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及
物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用被、
受、给等词来表示被动意义。
如:He
opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)
The door was
opened. 这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原
来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:
All
the people laughed at him. → He was laughed at by
all people.
They make the bikes in the
factory. → The bikes are made by them in the
factory.
He cut down a tree. → A tree was
cut down by him.
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由助动词be+及物
动词的过去分词构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去
分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变
化也如此。
各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)
1.一般现在时(am
is are +done)
English is spoken by lots of
people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
The
classroom is cleaned by the students every day.
学生们每天都打扫教室。
2.一般过去时(was were +done)
The
cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
My
bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3.一般将来时 (will
shall be +done)
A new road will be built
next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
4.过去将来时 (wouldshould be
+done)
I thought thousands of people would be
helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
5. 现在进行时 (am is are
being +done)
The problem is being discussed
now. 问题正在被讨论。
6. 过去进行时 (was were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time
yesterday. 昨天这时,机器正在被修理。
7.现在完成时(have has
been + done)
Two hundred trees have been
planted by now. 到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。
8. 过去完成时:(had
been + done)
He had been told many times not
to be late. 他被告诉好多次不要迟到了。
五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成
We can
repair this watch in two days.
→This watch
can be repaired in two days.
They should do
it at once.
→It should be done at once.
六、特殊情况
made the boy work for two hours
yesterday.
→The boy was made to work by
him for two hours yesterday.
never lets me
watch TV .
→I am never let to watch TV by
mother.
gave Peter a Christmas present just
now.
→(1)A Christmas present was given to
Peter by Jack just now.
→(2)Peter was
given a Christmas present by Jack just now.
七、常见的句型结构:
It is(was)agreed(believeddecide
dhopedthought......)that......大家同意(相信、决定、希望、认
为
)......
It is(was)well known that......众所周知
It is(was)taken for granted that......被视为当然
It must be remembered that......务必记住......
1
三、被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如:Some new computers were stolen last
night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
This bridge was
founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
( )1.The
Olympic Games ___________every four years.
A are held
A. is giving
B were held
B is given
C.are holding
C will give
D.will ho1d
D has given
(
)2. In the art show,a lot of enjoyment _ _to
foreign friends by the Chinese paintings.
(
)3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more
popular. It _________in. many schools around the
world. A. teaches B. is teaching
C. has taught D. is taught
( )4. Ba Jin,
one of the greatest writers in China, ________as
A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is
regarding D. regards
( )5. Usually
computers _________to search the Internet.
A. use B. are using C. are used
D. used
( )6. --Do you often clean your
classroom?
--Yes. Our classroom
__________every day.
A. clean
B. cleans C. is cleaned
( )7.一Did you
hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?
一Yes.In fact,it ____.That's all because of the
people and the factories around.
A. polluted
B was polluted C has polluted D.was
po11ute
( )8. --Our environment is getting
worse than before.
--You're
right. But thanks to Earth Day_______, people have
done more and more useful things to
protect(保护)the earth since Earth Day.
A.
is started B. was started C.
has started
( )9. ---I feel very happy that I
____to be the host. ---Congratulations!
A.
choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D.
haven chosen
( )10. Many trees and flowers
______ in our school last year,and they made our
school a beautiful
garden. A.plant
B.planted C.have planted D.were
planted
( ) famous paintings __________in the
hall next week.
A. will show B. were
shown C. is shown D. will be shown
(
)12. A talk on developments in science and
technology in the school hall next week .
A. given B. will be given C. has
been given D. gives
( )13.---Great
changes have taken place in this city.
---Right. Many modern tall buildings have been
______ these days.
—Yes, our classroom
______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans
C. is cleaned D. Cleaned
(
)16.—Susan, why are you still here? They are all
ready to start.
–I’m sorry, but I _____
when to meet.
A. don’t tell
A.
pull down
B. didn’t tell C. haven’t
told
C. will pull down
D. wasn’t
told
D. are pulled down
( )17.Many old
houses around our school ____ next year and a
large green area will appear.
B. will be
pulled down
( )18.--- My watch ______.
--- Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Lost & Found.
A. is lost B. is broken
---No, I___________.
A. am not invited
-- Once a year.
A. does; hold B. was;
hold C. is; held D. did; hold
(
)21.On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty
(明朝) _______ at the price of 30.36 million
Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B.
sold C. is sold D. was
sold
( )22.The hand Guanyin____ by many
people as the best performance at CCTV's
Spring Festival Evening.
A. has been
regarded B. are regarded
—Yes, they
______ in Hangzhou.
A. painted B. were
painting C. were painted D. had painted
( )24.---Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look
at the sign:: ―Rubbish into the dustbin.‖
---Sorry. A, has throw B, was
throw C, must throw
( )25.The 29th
0lympic Games __in Beijing in 2008.
A.will
hold B will be held C.hold
( )26.
The girl was often heard happily in her
room.
A. sing B. to sing C. singing
D. sings
( )27. It is reported that more new
teaching buildings _________ in our school in the
next term.
A. will be built B. was built
C. has built D. will build
( )28. Don’t
put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s
work _________ today.
A. may do B. must
do C. may be done D. must be done
2
C. has found D. has stopped
(
)19.---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party?
B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t
invite
( )20.-- How often ______ your school
sports meeting ______?
C. has regarded D.
regards
( )23.—Those eggs of different colors
are very beautiful.
D , must be thrown
A. turned up B. put up C. shown up
D. fixed up
( )-year-olds should not
to drive in China.
A. allow B. be
allow C. allowed D. be allowed
( )15. —Do you often clean your classroom?
典型例题
一般现在时
1A 。[解析]考查被动语态,
根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,
故排除了B、C、D。
2[答案]B。[解析]本题考查被动语态,句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受
者。“在这次艺术展中,
一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”
3[答案]D。[
解析]考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,
不能用被动语态。
4[答案]A。[解析] 选用一般现在时态的被动语态,表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。
5[答案]C 。[解析]从句子看,电脑作主语,是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,故选C。
6. [答案]C。[解析]考查被动语态物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性
,不
能用被动语态。
一般过去时
1[答案]B。考查被动语态。物作主语,一般
要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用
被动语态。
2[答案]B。 [解析
]从句意:“??自从‘地球日’开始以来,人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护
环境。”可知,“地球
日”的开始,要用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为was started故选B。
3. We
________into five groups to go to the old people's
home. We did many things to cheer them up.
[太
原市]
A. divided B. are
divided C. were divided
3[答案]C。[解析]
本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形
式。由后一句.”可推断
,时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。
4C 5D
一般将来过去
1[答案]D。[解析] 本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”,在此为动作“展出”的承受
者,
故应用被动语态,时间状语为next
week,是表示将来的时间状语,所以句子时态是一般将来时,
所以D项正确。
2B
答案
B
答案:D。情态动词用于被动结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
答案为C。句中有every day,主语为our
classroom,故要用一般现在时的被动语态。
【参考答案】
1.答案D
解析:依据句意:对不起,但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去,I
和tell
之间是被动关系。
2.答案B 解析:由题干时间next year
科知识将来时态,句子主语是old houses ,应用被动语态。
故选B。
3.答案A
解析:由Let’s go to the Lost & Found.可知,说明表丢失了。故选
4.答案B 解析:由Did you go to Sam’s weekend
party?可知陈述过去的动作的发生,I 和invite之
间存在着被动关系。故选B。
5.答案C 解析:How
often+一般疑问句?此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数,
3
表示―多长时间一次‖。往往针对频度副词如:always, seldom, usually,
once a month, sometimes, every
five
minutes.等提问,常用于现在时或过去时。由题干your school sports
meeting 作主语,谓语应用
被动语态。故选C。
6.答案D 解析:由On May
30th, ,可知动作发生在过去;其主语是one bowl与sell存在被动关系。
7.答案A 解析:依据题意: ―千手观音‖ 被许多人认为是中央电视台春节联欢晚会最好的节目。
表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在的影响或产生的结果,应用现在完成时。其主语是The
,要用被动语态。故选A。
8.答案C 解析:they指代Those eggs of
different colors,主语是物,故用被动语态。依据结构,应
选C.。
9.答案D
解析:依据句意:垃圾必须扔进垃圾箱里。表示―命令‖,句子主语是垃圾,应用被动语
态。
10.答案B解析:考查一般将来时的被动语态。由in
2008可知是将来时,运动会应该是―被举行‖,
所以使用一般将来时的被动语态:will
+be+过去分词。
11选B。考查使役动词的被动语态。在主动语态中heard后用省略to的动
词不定式作宾语补足语,
而在被动语态中动词不定式符号to需补上。由关键信息was often
heard可直接断定正确答案为B。
12选A。考查一般将来时的被动语态。由关键信息in
the next term可知要用一般将来时,先排除B、
C二项;另结合题意―据报道我们学校在
下个学期有更多的教学楼被建造‖可知要用被动语态,故舍
D选A。
13选A
14
选B。由时间状语yesterday可知本题要用一般过去时,先排除A、C二项;另根据题意―那个生
病的男孩被警察送到了医院‖可知要用被动语态,故舍D选B。
15选D
16选C。考
查现在完成时的被动语态。结合题意―如果没有人看电视就关掉它‖可知第一个空是条件
状语从句;另由
关键信息―The music is from the
radio.‖可知―(电视)已经关掉了‖,要用现在完成时
的被动语态,故正确答案为C。
17选C
18选D。考查含情态动词的被动语态。由题意―今天的工作必须在今天被做完‖可
知本题要用被动语
态,先排除A、B二项;结合题意可舍C选D。
给力的意思-免费课程软件
盘踞-enters
黄蒿-sprain
supposed什么意思-迦怎么读
造父变星-组成英文
蓝精灵体-down的反义词
濒临的拼音-乘人之危的读音
corrode-peli
-
上一篇:最新中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)
下一篇:高考被动语态详解+例句