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高考被动语态详解+例句

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-21 23:19
tags:被动语态讲解

足球的英文怎么写-said

2020年10月21日发(作者:芮国器)


高考被动语态详解+例句

一、单项选择被动语态
1

The old man was weak after the accident; so he ______ carefully by us.

A

must be take care of B

must take care of

C

must look after D

must be looked after

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 含情态动词的被动语态。句意:事故发生后,老人很虚弱;所以他必须由我们仔细照
顾。固定词组:take care of looked after“
照顾

;句子主语he
和谓语动词之间是被动关
系,所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态,

情态动词
+be +
过去分词

。故选
D



2

At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in
science and technology.

A

has discovered B

has been discovered

C

had discovered D

had been discovered

【答案】
D

【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学 技术的发现。科学家们感
到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,
what
于 动词
discover
是被动关系,故选
D



3

Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present.

A

were exhibited B

were being exhibited

C

are being exhibited D

are exhibited

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:许多史前古器物目前正在 国家博物馆首次展出。根
据时间状语
“at present”
可知,句子描述现在正 在进行的动作,主语
artifacts
与谓语
exhibit
之间是被动关 系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选
C



4

—Are we about to have dinner?

—Yes

it ________ in the dining room.

A

serves B

is serving

C

is being served D

has been serving

【答案】
C

【解析】

考查时态。因
serve

it(dinner )
是动宾关系,要用被动语态;由问句中的
are about to(
即将
)
have dinner
和答语
Yes
可知 ,已



供应
dinner
了,故用现在进行时的被动语 态。故选
C



5

The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.

A

announced B

was announced C

announces D

is announced

【答案】
B

【 解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在
2017

4
月< br>1
日被官方宣
布。计划是被官方宣布,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时 的被动语态。
故选
B



6

When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ .

A

are being painted B

are painting

C

were being painted D

were painting

【答案】
C

【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意:当我到达他家的 时候,我发现墙正在被粉
刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故选
C


7

All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.

A

should be; be operated on

B

were; must be operated on

C

be; was operated on

D

was; be operated on

【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:考查
insi st
的用法。句意:医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重,要求他立
即动手术。
in sist


坚决要求做某事

讲时,要用虚拟语气;当

坚持说,坚持陈述某事实

解时,用陈述语气。

考点
:
考查
insist
的用法


8

105

The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events
to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

A

will make B

will be made

C

has been made D

had made

【答案】
B

【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际 奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时
的被动,故选
B



9

Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet
sauce.

A

was served B

will serve


C

is served D

served

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时 态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句
子说的是一般情况,要用一般现 在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动 词
serve
之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
C



10

Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _______ properly in this hospital.

A

can be the patients treated

B

the patients can be treated

C

can the patients be treated

D

treated can be the patients

【答案】
C

【解析】

试题分析:考查部分倒装。句意为:只有增加
50%
的医生,这个医院的病人才能得到 恰当
的医治。
“only
+状语

放于句首时句子须用部分倒装,故 选
C
项。

考点
:
考查部分倒装


11

Peter is helping set tables in the hall, where John’s birthday party ________.

A

is holding B

has held

C

is held D

will be held

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:皮特正在 帮着在大厅里放桌子,约翰的生日晚会将在这
里举行。根据前面语境正在放桌子,可知现在
pa rty
还没举行,马上将要举行,

生日晚会



举行

之间是被动关系,故选
D



12

A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two
days.

A

are trapping B

have been trapped

C

were trapping D

had been trapped

【答案】
D

【解析】

考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援 人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游
者。
“who ___ in the mountains for two days”
是定语从句,修饰
two tourists

two tourists

trap
之间是被 动关系,该空应用被动语态。由
risked
可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事
情,被 困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即

过去的过去

,该空应用过去完成 时态。
综上,
D
选项正确。

点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或 动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即

过去的过


,其表达形式 为
had done
,被动语态的表达形式为
had been done



13

—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?

—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.

A

have thought B

are thought

C

had thought D

were thought

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:
——
你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗< br>?——
是的,在现场的
35
名矿工
中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处 指现在只有
2
个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的
被动语态,故选
B.

14

The affairs of each country should be by its own people.

A

elected B

settled

C

developed D

contained

【答案】
B

【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决 。由句意可知,选
settle

意为

解决


elect
选举;
develop
发展;
contain
包含,控制。故选
B



15

You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.

A

has painted B

is painted

C

is being painted D

is painting

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来
,
房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进
行时的被动语态。故
C
选项正确。


16

More expressways ________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.

A

are being built
C

have been built
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意为:四川将建设更多的高速公 路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语
soon

知,考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠 动词的变化来体现的,在具体做题时,需要关注的
是时间状语。因此,考生在做本题时,需要先找出时间 状语
soon
,然后才能准确判断时态
是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知,选项
A
是现在进行时;选项
B
是一般将来时;选项
C
是现在完成时;选 项
D
是过去完成时。故选择
B


B

will be built

D

had been built



17

Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A

were told to
C

are told to
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重 复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号
to

分析句子可 知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。

【点睛】

to
代替不定式

在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以 被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
to

to
代替不定式,常 同
refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try

tell
等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,

have been
,一般要保留
be, have

have been


本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。

B

are told

D

were told


18

This is one of the best films _______.

A

that have been shown this year
C

that has been shown this year
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语 从句,先行词

the one
,有最高级
the best
修饰 ,关系代词应该用
that
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要 用第三人称单数,故
C
项正确。

B

that have shown

D

that you talked


19

It was announced that only when the fire was under control __________to return to their
homes.

A

the residents would be permitted

B

had the residents been permitted

C

would the residents be permitted

D

the residents had been permitted

【答案】
C

【解析】

句意:通报说,只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里
I t
是形式主语,真正的主
语是
that
引导的从句;
that
引导的主语从句中,"
only+
状语从句"位于句首,状语从句对


应的主句要用倒装语序,且此处表示过去将来,故选
C



20

Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the current
global financial crisis.

A

had been affected
C

should be affected
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当 前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种客观事实,且
the econom y

affect
之间是一种被动关系,所以
that

导 的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D


B

were affected

D

is affected


21

—Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?

—Yes, the posts about the virtual green frog ________ over 4 million times.

A

have read
C

would be read
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:
——
你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗?
——
是的,关于虚拟绿蛙的帖
子已经被阅读了
400
多万次。
The posts

read
是被动关系,用被动 语态,

已经被阅读过


用完成时态,故选
B


B

have been read

D

are reading


22

The Palace Museum has put on many attractions since it ___________ in 2017.

A

had been rebuilt
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:自从
20 17
年重新修缮,故宫博物院内部已经增加了许多景点。
分析语境可知,重新修缮是过去某个具 体时间点(
2017
年)发生的事情,应用一般过去
时;此处也可用固定句型
havehas done since…
来理解,该句型中主句用完成时,
since

导的从句使用一般过去时;故宫博物院是



相关人员修缮, 应使用被动语态,
was rebuilt
符合题意,故选
B


B

was rebuilt C

had rebuilt D

rebuilt


23

The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days later.

A

were put
【答案】
A

【解析】

B

was put C

put D

has put


【分析】



【详解】


考查被动语态。句意:给老板的那些信放在他的办公 桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那
些信。
letter“
信件


put“


之间是被动的关系,所以排除
C

D
,然后因为
letters
是复
数,谓语动词用
were put,
故选
A



24

It is ______ that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.

A

reported
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 被动语态。句意:据报道,金融危机正在一些国家消退。句中
It
为形式主语,
tha t

导的从句为主语从句,是真正的主句的主语,所缺词为主句谓语动词,主语与动词
report
是逻辑上的动宾关系,是动作的接受者,所以用被动语态。故选
A

B

to report C

reporting D

being reported


25

We didn’t play football match________.

A

was canceled B

is canceled

C

has canceled D

had canceled

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态语态。句意:昨天我们没有踢足球,比赛取消了。根据句意可知,
match

c ancel
之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;由
yesterday
可知,这是发生 在过去的一件事
情,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选
A



26

Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last
week.

A

is given
C

was given
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:艾米和她的兄弟们当 上周回到村里时,受到了热烈的欢迎。根据
last week
可知,应用过去时,排除选项< br>A

B
;本句的主语是
Amy
,她受到热烈欢迎,所
以用过去时的被动。故选
C


B

are given

D

were given


27

—The hurricane ____ to reach the coast tomorrow morning.

—If so, we’d better make full preparations for it.

A

will be predicted
【答案】
D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态 及语态。句意:
——
预测飓风明天早上会到达海岸。
——
如果是这样的
话,我们最好做好充分的准备。
A. will be predicted
将被预测;
B. is predicting
正在被预测;
C. has predicted
已经预测;
D. is predicted
被预测。分析句子可知,空格处的主语是
the
hurrica ne
与动词
predict
二者是被动关系,要用被动语态。
B
和< br>C
是主动语态,故不正确。
根据第二句话可知,飓风明天早上才到,现在还没到,即飓风 到达海岸是现在做出的预
测,所以要用一般现在时,故选
D


B

is predicting C

has predicted D

is predicted


28

The father,along with his four children,_____ they will be back_____fixed.

A

have gone to;isn’t B

had gone to;is not C

went to;aren’t
been

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查的是主谓一致性及时态。句意:这位父亲和他的四个孩子去杭州了。他 们什么时候回
来还没有定下来。
along with

together with

as well as, with
引导并列主语时,谓语动词与
前面的主语保持主谓一致,根据
When they will be back_____fixed.
可知,说话时他们不在现
场,应使用
havehas gone to“
到某地去


When they will be ba ck
是主语从句,谓语动词应
使用单数形式,结合从句中的时态可知,此处应使用现在完成时, 表示对现在的影响。故

D


D

has gone to;has not

29

They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.

A

to solve
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语
be difficult to do
sth.“
难以;很难
……”
后跟不定式 ,且在此结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那
么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。 故用
to solve
形式。故选
A


B

solved C

to be solved D

solving


30

The officer commanded that everyone passing by ______ that day.

A

search
C

be searched
B

would be searched

D

must be searched


【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。
command
后面的宾语从 句用虚拟
语气,(
should

+
动词原形,此处
eve ryone

search
之间是被动关系,故答案为
C


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