月开头的四字成语-夫妇
【英语】被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
Louis Cha (
金庸
) passed away.
As for his achievement, there is such a comment,
“He ______
the Nobel Prize for Literature with
his written works translated into English.”
A
.
could have been rewarded
C
.
should be rewarded
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词
+have done
用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本
能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻
译成了英语的著作。
A. could have been
rewarded
本可以被
授予;
B. must have been
rewarded
一定被授予;
C. should be
rewarded
应该被授予;
D. need
have been
rewarded
本必要被授予。根据语境,
A
选项正确。
【点睛】
could have done
可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句
。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实
际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为
“<
br>本来可以
”“
本来能
”
,也可以表示对过
去动作的推测,常可
译为
“
可能(已经
)”
。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故
A
选项正确。
B
.
must
have been rewarded
D
.
need have
been rewarded
2
.
Our teacher
keeps telling us that the future to the well-
educated.
A
.
belonging
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查短语:
belong
to
属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选
B
。
B
.
belongs C
.
is belonging
D
.
is belonged
3
.
________scores of times, but Derek
still couldn’t understand how to use past
participle in a
concrete situation.
A
.
Having explained
C
.
Though it was explained
【答案】
D
【解析】
因为有连词
but
,前面应是完整的句子,排除
A,B;
Though
不能和
but
同时使用,所以选
D
。
B
.
Having been explained
D
.
It was explained
4
.
—Are we about to having dinner?
—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.
A
.
serve B
.
is serving
C
.
is being served D
.
has
been serving
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查时态和语态。句意:
——
我们准备去吃饭吗?
——
是的,饭菜正在餐厅被
供
应。
it
是指饭菜,和动作
serve
之间是被动关系,且动作正
在进行,四个选项中只有
C
项
是现在进行时的被动语态,故选
C
。<
br>
5
.
At the awarding ceremony
held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by
what ______ in
science and technology.
A
.
has discovered B
.
has been
discovered
C
.
had discovered
D
.
had been discovered
【答案】
D
【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学
技术的发现。科学家们感
到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,
what
于
动词
discover
是被动关系,故选
D
。
6
.
—Are we about to have dinner?
—Yes
,
it ________ in the dining
room.
A
.
serves B
.
is
serving
C
.
is being served
D
.
has been serving
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查时态。因
serve
与
it(dinner
)
是动宾关系,要用被动语态;由问句中的
are about
to(
即将
)
have dinner
和答语
Yes
可知
,已
“
在
”
供应
dinner
了,故用现在进行时的被动语
态。故选
C
。
7
.
With more
forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good
earth ________ each year.
A
.
is
washing away
C
.
are washing away
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:
1.
确定谓语单复数:根据
quantity
的用法,
quantities
of
和
a quantity
of
后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但
它们作主语时,
quantities
of...
后面的谓语动词用复数,而
a quantity of...
的谓语动词
用单
数,故排除
A
、
D
项。
2.
确定第二空:随
着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在
进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质
土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选
D
项。
【名师点拨】
quantities of
和
a quantity
of
后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
quantities
of
后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
a quantity
of
后面
加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
quantities of money have
B
.
is being
washed away
D
.
are being washed
away
been sent
there
大量的钱已经被送到那里;
A large quantity of money
has been wasted.
大量的
钱已经被浪费;
2.A large
quantity of books have been offered to
us.
大量的书已经提供给我
们;
Quantities of nuts are
on the table.
大量的坚果在桌子上。
8
.
--- Why don't we choose that road to
save time?
--- The bridge to it
.
A
.
has repaired
C
.
is
being repaired
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查时态和语态。句意为:
——
我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢?
——
通
往那条路的
桥正在维修。桥正在被维修,故用现在进行时的被动语态。
答案:
C
B
.
is repaired
D
.
will be repaired
9
.
Please wear your best clothes on
Monday, as your class photos ______ then.
A
.
will take B
.
will be taken
C
.
have taken D
.
have been
taken
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:请在星
期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍
照。根据语境可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一
般将来时态的被动语态。故选
B
。
10
.
Chinese kites in ancient times
________ in the shape of birds.
A
.
design B
.
had designed
C
.
were designed D
.
have been
designed
【答案】
C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据
in
ancient
times
可知,句子用一般过去时态,根据动词与主语是被动关系,故用一
般过去时的被动语
态,故选
C
。
11
.
Various efforts ________ in the
past decades to protect the environment.
A
.
had made B
.
have made
C
.
were made D
.
have been
made
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据
in
the past decades
可知句子用现在完成时态,
efforts
是句子
主语,复数形式,和谓语动词
make
之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态,
故答案为
D
。
12
.-
Mike, did
you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?
-
Yes, he ________, and he looked a little
bit nervous.
A
.
had
interviewed B
.
was interviewed
C
.
was being interviewed
D
.
is being interviewing
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:
——
迈克,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办公室吗
?——
是的<
br>,
他
正在接受采访
,
他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过
去进行时,句中
he
和动
词
interview
是被动关系,所以此
处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C
。
13
.
Peter is helping set tables in the
hall, where John’s birthday party ________.
A
.
is holding B
.
has held
C
.
is held D
.
will be
held
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:皮特正在
帮着在大厅里放桌子,约翰的生日晚会将在这
里举行。根据前面语境正在放桌子,可知现在
pa
rty
还没举行,马上将要举行,
“
生日晚会
”
与
“
举行
”
之间是被动关系,故选
D
。
14
.
I intend to buy that kind of
clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.
A
.
have told; wash
C
.
was
told; washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
考察
时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内
容为过去已经完成的
动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事
实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,
故用一般现在时态。选
B
。
B
.
have been
told; wash
D
.
have been told; are
washed
15
.
The house, which _____ last night,
____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any
more.
A
.
was broken into; is
belonged to B
.
broke into; is belonged
to
C
.
broke into; belonging to
D
.
was broken into; belongs to
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在
那里住了。第一空,
根据
last night
及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,
break
into“
破门而入
”
,答案为
was broken
into
;第二空,
belong to“
属于
”
,无进行和被动语
态,
结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为
belongs
to
。故选
D
。
16
.
People believe that the China Dream
is not very difficult ________ so long as the
whole
nation works hard for it.
A
.
realizing
C
.
realized
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be
difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式
习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to
understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient,
dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible,
interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant<
br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D
。
B
.
to be realized
D
.
to realize
17
.
The film “Schindler’s List”, was
________ by a real person, named Oskar
Schindler
A
.
inspired
B
.
prompted
C
.
rised
D
.
insured
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词。
A.
inspired
鼓舞;
B. prompted
引起,提示;
C.
rised
上升;
D. insured
确保。
句意:电影《辛德勒的名单》
的灵感来自一个真实的人,名叫奥斯卡
·
辛德勒。结合句意可
知此处用被动语态,故答
案为
A
。
18
.
The way the
guests ___ in the hotel influenced their
evaluation of the service.
A
.
treated
B
.
were
treated
C
.
would treat
D
.
would be treated
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the
guests ___ in the
hotel
是定语从句
U
,修饰
The
way
,
treat
是从句的谓语动词,
The guests
与
treat
之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选
B
。
19
.
Are you going to
attend the meeting ________ next Saturday?
A
.
holding B
.
hold
C
.
to hold D
.
to be
held
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。句意:你要参加下星期六举行
的会议吗
?
根据
next
Saturday
可知,事情还未发生,
the meeting
和
hold
之间是一种被动关系,所以用动词
不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语,且表示将来。故选
D
。
20
.
Please don’t stand
up in class until you ______.
A
.
were told to
C
.
are told
to
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重
复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号
to
。
分析句子可
知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。
【点睛】
to
代替不定式
在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以
被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
to
。
to
代替不定式,常
同
refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope,
like, be afraid,
prefer, care, oblige, forget,
wish, try
,
tell
等动词连用。
注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,
或
have
been
,一般要保留
be, have
或
have
been
。
本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up
in class until you are told to stand
up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class
until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。
B
.
are told
D
.
were
told
21
.
With the help of high
technology, more and more new substances ___in the
past few years.
A
.
discovered
C
.
had been discovered
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态语态。句意:因为有高科技的帮助,在最近几年中,越来越多的新物质已经被发
现了。根据时间状语
in the past few years,
说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明
之
间用被动形式。故
D
正确。
B
.
have
discovered
D
.
have been
discovered
22
.
Our society
would be better off but for the fact that the
economy ________ by the current
global
financial crisis.
A
.
had been
affected B
.
were affected
C
.
should be affected
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
D
.
is affected
考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经
济受到当前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种客观事实,且
the ec
onomy
和
affect
之间是一种被动关系,所以
that
引<
br>导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D
。
23
.
The letters for the boss___________
on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days
later.
A
.
were put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【分析】
B
.
was put C
.
put D
.
has
put
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:
给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那
些信。
letter“
信件
”
和
put“
放
”
之间是被动的关系,所以排除C
和
D
,然后因为
letters
是复
数,谓语动词用
were put,
故选
A
。
24
.
We didn’t play football
match________.
A
.
was canceled
B
.
is canceled
C
.
has
canceled D
.
had canceled
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态语态。句意:昨天我们没有踢足球,比赛取消了。根据句意可知,
match
和
c
ancel
之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;由
yesterday
可知,这是发生
在过去的一件事
情,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选
A
。
25
.
Every possible means ________ to
prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not
clear.
A
.
is used
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可
能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍
然不明朗。
means
当名词解释为
方法
,单复数同型,且
every+
主语,谓语动词用单数;means
与动词
use
之间是被动关系,根据语境
“
所有的方
法都用了
”
,应该用现在完成时的
B
.
are used
C
.
have used D
.
has been used
被动语态。故选
D
。
【点睛】
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单数名词
”
等结构作主
语
当
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单数名
词
”
或
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+ eachev
ery+
单数名
词
”
结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:
Each boy and each girl has been invited to the
teaparty.
每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶
话会。
The
boy and the girl each have their own toys.
这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。
26
.
The Olympic Sports Center _______at
present in the city and is said to be open to the
public
in 2019
A
.
is built
B
.
has built C
.
is being built
D
.
will be built
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正
在被建。据说
2019
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at presen
t
意为
“
现在
”
,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the
Olympic Sports Center
与
build
该词被动关系,所以要用
现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。
27
.
Time magazine has chosen “The
Guardians”
,
a group of journalists who____
for their work,
as Person of the Year, for
taking great risks in pursuit of greater
truths.
A
.
will target
C
.
will be targeted
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意:《时代》周刊将
“
守护者
”——
一群因自己的工作而成为受攻击目标的记
者评为年度人物,因为
冒巨大的风险追求更伟大的真理。根据句意可知,记者被攻击,且
已发生,有对现在的影响,所以用现在
完成时。故选
D
。
B
.
have
targeted
D
.
have been targeted
28
.
This project ______ considered
thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on
time.
A
.
must be; may be
C
.
may be; must be
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:这个项目应该被全面地考虑,并且我确定可以准时完成这
个项目。
should be
表示
“
应该
”
这个项目要求考虑的全面,
can be
表示
“
能够
”
有能力完成这个项目,
所以选
B
。
考点:考查情态动词
B
.
should be; can
be
D
.
can be; should be
29
.
More expressways
________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local
economy.
A
.
are being built
C
.
have been built
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意为:四川将建设更多的高速公
路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语
soon
可
知,考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠
动词的变化来体现的,在具体做题时,需要关注的
是时间状语。因此,考生在做本题时,需要先找出时间
状语
soon
,然后才能准确判断时态
是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知,选项
A
是现在进行时;选项
B
是一般将来时;选项
C
是现在完成时;选
项
D
是过去完成时。故选择
B
。
B
.
will be built
D
.
had
been built
30
.
A rescue worker
risked his life saving two tourists who ________
in the mountains for two
days.
A
.
are trapping B
.
have been
trapped
C
.
were trapping
D
.
had been trapped
【答案】
D
【解析】
考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里
两天的旅游
者。
“who ___ in the mountains for two
days”
是定语从句,修饰
two tourists
,
two tour
ists
和
trap
之间是被动关系,该空应用被动语态。由
risked<
br>可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事
情,被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即
“过去的过去
”
,该空应用过去完成时态。
综上,
D
选项正确。<
br>
点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即
“
过去的过
去
”
,其表达形式为
had
done
,被动语态的表达形式为
had been done
。