初三 被动语态讲解

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2014年秋季九年级英语阶段性训练讲义（五）
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?
Part A Grammar
■ 被动语态：
1
．观察并思考以下例句：

1）我父亲出生于1960年。
2）这支钢笔坏了。
3）那只狗昨晚被车撞死了。
4）这种花叫玫瑰。
2
．基本构成：
be
（
?
）＋

过去分词（动词
p
．
p
）

被动语态的不同时态
,
是通过
be
的时态变化来实现的，其人称和单复数方面应与主语

保持一致。其具体变化为：共
9
种。例如，
……
3.
基本用法

被动语态常用于以下两种情况：
1)．不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；
2)．强调动作的承受者。例如：
a. 这棵树是(被) 那个男孩弄断的。
The tree ______ ______ by that boy. ( break)
b. Tom出身于1989年。
Tom _______ _________ in 1989. ( bear)
c. 这种书主要是针对青少年的。
This kind of book ______ _______ at teenagers. (aim)
4．熟练转换。转换图示：


①
You must throw the broken pottery away at once
．

The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once
．（同义句）


②
Where did they grow vegetables
？（改为被动语态）

Where ______ vegetables ______
？

5．特别注意：

将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：

1)
．含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：


①将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；


②将直接宾语变为主语 ，间接宾语用介词
to
或
for
引导。例如：


①
He told us a story
．（变被动语态）

→We were told a story
（
by him
）．或：
A story was told to us by him
．


②
Her mother gave her a new pen
．（变被动语态）

A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother
．

2)
．短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词

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或副词不能省去。例如：


①
This dictionary mustn't ______ from the library
．

A
．
take away B
．
taken away C
．
are taken away D
．
be taken away

②
She will take good care of the children
．（变被动语态）

The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
（
by her
）．

3)< br>．含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足
语就成为主 语补足语。注意：省略
to
的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号
to
必须补上。例 如：

Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday
．（变被动语态）

He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday
．

4)
．不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为
“to be
＋过去分词
”
。例如：

The radio says a wild animal zoo is to ______ in our city
．

A
．
be building B
．
build C
．
be built D
．
built
5)
．含情态动词的被动语态


■

被动语态练习题：

1. _____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is，built B. Was , built C. Does build D . Did build
2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
3. Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
4. So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
5. A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
6. A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
7. The doctor _____ for yet.
A. isn't sent B. hasn't been sent C. won't be sent D. wasn't sent
8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.
A. did; use B. was; used C .is; used D. are; used
9. Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written
10. Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.
A. has asked to B. was asked to C. is asked D. asks to
11. A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us
12. The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump
people ____ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened
15. In some part of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served

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16. It was reported that the murderer _______ arrested.
A. has been B. had been C. has D. had
17. Do you think that the bridge ______ in a year?
A. would be completed B. will be completed C. had been completed D. is being completed
18. Great changes _____ in China since the People’s Republic of China _____ in 1949.
A. have taken place; was founded B. has taken place; was founded
C. have been taken place; founded D. took place; founded
19. —Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?
— She has _______ by her classmates.
A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at
20. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
21. I promise that matter will _______.
A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of
22. No permission has ________ for anybody to enter the building.
A. been given B. given C. to give D. be given
23. I _______ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given
24. Can such a thing _____ happening again?
A. prevent from B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from
25. A new house ________ at the corner of the road.
A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building
26. This bike ________ last year.
A. bought B. has been bought C. was bought D. had been bought
27 A new cinema _______ here. They hope to finish it next month.
A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built
28. It _______ whether she will get her work in the hospital.
A. hasn’t been decided B. isn’t deciding C. doesn’t decide D. hasn’t decided
29. The chairman told the speaker that she ______ to speak a little louder so as to make
herself _____.
A. was expected; heard B. had expected; hear
C. had hoped; hear D. was hoped; heard
30. I can’t use my bike because it _______.
A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. will repair D. was repairing


Part B 基础训练
(一) 用所给词的适当形式填空或者根据句意完成句子

1. After picking these________(leaf), the farmers send them for ___________(process).
avoided ________ (watch) the show.
went to the ________ (locally) farm.
________ (原料) of the product is________(广泛地) used by them.
flower is old. But many people think it is ________ (live) at night.
6. I ________ (完成) a project last year.
_________(德国人) doesn’t believe that the mountain is ________ (cover) with snow.
8. The Chinese is ________ (turn) into English.

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______ （点燃）a cigarette just now.
company is a strong ____________(compete) for us.
11. This company showed its_____________ protection products at the science fair.(environment)
12.据我所知，这个展览会以它国际化的形式而闻名。
_____________________________________________.
(二) 单项选择题。 以下考题均为中考真题或名校半期期末试题
1. It will _____me too much time to read this book.
A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay
2.-- When did the terrible earthquake happen in Ya’an Sichuan?
--It happened ____ 8:02 ____ the morning of April 20
th
, 2013.
A. on, in B. at, on C. at, in D. on, on
3. My teacher says my spoken English is good, because I speak ___ English _______.
A. every day, every day B. every day , everyday C. everyday , every day
4. ________ you do, don't touch this switch.
A．What B．No matter how
C．No matter what D．How
5. ---Do you believe that paper is made ________ wood?
—Yes, I do. And you can see that books are made ________ paper.
A．from; from B．from; of
C．of; from D．of; of
6. .—I think ________ good to study with a group.
—I agree with you. Group work makes us study better.
A．that B．it
C．its D．this
7. —Let me help you carry the box, Granny.
—Thank you, Li Lei. It's very nice ________ you ________ me.
A．of; to help B．for; to help
C．of; helping D．for; helping
8. —Do you like reading books?
—Yes. Each of us ________ to do more reading in and after class.
A．are encouraged B．encourage
C．is encouraged D．is encouraging
9. Passengers are not allowed ________.
A．smoke B．smoking
C．to smoke D．smoked
10. ____Tom __ Tara are studying Chinese history and culture now. They find them rich and
amazing.
A．Both; and B．Not only; but also
C．Either; or D．Neither; nor
11.—Jim, would you please tidy up your room by yourself? _____， you are no longer a child.
— All right, I'm coming.
A．First of all B．After all C．As a result D．For example
12. —Do you know that there are many different ________animals in the zoo?
—Yes, I do. I think some of them are_____ scary.
A. kinds of, kind of B. kinds of, kinds of C. kind of, kinds of D. kind of, kind of
13. This pair of shoes _______hand, and it _______very comfortable.
A. is made with, is felt B. are made from ,is felt C. are made of, feels D. is made by, feels
14. —Could you tell me ________？
—More than a month.
A．when was Yangzhou—Taizhou Airport built

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B．how often you go to Yangzhou—Taizhou Airport
C．how soon will Yangzhou—Taizhou Airport be built
D．how long Yangzhou—Taizhou Airport has been in service
15. —I have trouble _____ English and I'm so worried. Could you help me with it?
—Sure, I'd love to.
A．to learn B．learning C．learns D．to learning

Part C 能力提高训练

完型填空。

The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the ___1___ and the sun off the people. Most
umbrellas can be folded up[折叠] so it is ___2___ to carry them.
However, the umbrella has not always been as ___3___as it is now. In the past, it was a
symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this ___4___ . Someone
carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person.
Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to ___5___ umbrellas at
different times. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there, umbrellas ___6___
to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, ___7___ wouldn't use them. They believed umbrellas
were only for women.
England was ___8___ the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas
against weather there is very ___9___ and umbrellas are very useful.
Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you ___10___ one, thinking that for centuries
only great men and women used them, you'll feel you are important people,too.
( )
( )
( ) l
( )
( )er C. examine D. discuss
( ) led
( )en s D. women
( )ly B. already ly D. immediately
( ) B. rainy D. windy
( ) B. return

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望子成龙学校家庭作业(五)
一、按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。
1. I think the trees were watered yesterday. (改为否定句)
__________________________________________
2. The room was cleaned by Tom. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ the room cleaned _______?
3. These knives can be used for cutting. (改为同义句)
These knives can ______ ______ _______ ________.
4. Tea, after water, is the most popular drink in the world.(改为同义句)
Tea is _____ ______ _______ popular drink in the world.
5. The abacus was invented in the sixth century in China.(对划线部分提问)
_______ and ______ _______ the abacus invented?
6. Why did you take my pen? (改为被动句)
Why _____ my pen ______ by you?
7. Jim took good care of the baby yesterday evening. (改为被动句)
The baby _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ by Jim yesterday evening.
8. When are trees often planted by people? (改为主动句)
When _____ people often ______ ______?
二、完型填空。
A king was old and he knew it was time to choose a new king. He told all the young people in
his country, “I will give ___1___ of you a seed (种子). Plant it and bring it back one year later.
Show me the plants that you bring, ___2___ I’ll choose a new king from you.”
A boy ____3____ Peter got a seed, too. He planted it ___4___. But the seed didn’t grow at all.
A year later, Peter had to take his __5___ box to the palace. Others all brought beautiful plants
there and Peter felt ___6___.
The king ___7___ the palace and looked around. When he found there was nothing in Peter’s
box, the king smiled and said to the others, “One year ago, I gave everyone a seed __8___
couldn’t grow. But all of you, ___9___ Peter, have brought me plants and flowers. Peter was the
only one with the honesty (诚实) and courage to bring ___10___ a box. So he will be the new
king!”
( )1. A. neither B. each C. both
( )2. A. but B. although C. and
( )3. A. helped B. asked C. named
( )4. A. carefully B. careful C. careless
( )5. A. full B. empty C. beautiful
( )6. A. excited B. sad C. happy
( )7. A. reached B. got C. arrived
( )8. A. who B. what C. which
( )9. A. besides B. except C. with
( )10. A. such B. so C. as

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