中考被动语态详解与练习含答案

中考被动语态详细讲解与练习
知识点 1:被动语态的基本知识
1. 语态:英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的, 用来表明主语与谓语动词之
间的关系, 英语的动词有两种语态形式, 即主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作
的执行者, 谓语动词 用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象,谓语动词用被动语态。
2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化:
① 将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;② 将主动语态的谓语动词改为 “be
+过去分词 ” 结 构;③ 将主动语态的主语改为介词 by 之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之
后(有时可省略 。 例:We visited that factory last summer. →主动语态
谓语 状语
→被动语态
主语 谓语 宾语 状语
3. 用法:
被动语态常用于以下两种情况:
(1不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者;
例:This cloth is made of cotton.
(2强调动作的承受者。例:Her bike is stolen .
知识点 2:被动语态在各种时态下的构成

例题 1:单选题
1:(2012福建福州 — Our classroom____________every day.
— So it is. It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.
A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaning
2:(2013陕西 The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
3:(2013江苏南京 It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village
in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built
4:(2013内蒙古呼和浩特 People who ________ to the party are very excited.

A. have invited B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited
5:(2013湖北黄冈 — How often do I need to feed the dog?
— It ___ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A. must give B. must be give C. must be given D. must be gave
6:The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designedB. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed
CDCDCB
例题 2:用括号内动词的适当形式填空
_______________ (tell the good news as soon as it arrived.
2.A lot of work __________________(do for the poor kids in the past few years.
book ________________ (write by the young girl several years ago.
the tickets __________(sell out when we got to the cinema.
5.A new building __________(build at our school now.
6.I don't believe you've already finished reading the book which ________(lend to
you this morning !
was told。 has been done。 was written。 had been sold。 is being built。 was
lent。
知识点 3:
①不及物动词不用于被动语态,如 appear, rise, come out, happen, occur, lie, take
place等不及 物动词不能用于被动语态。

例 1:Great changes______________place. Many new schools ______________.
A. have taken, have been openedB. take, are open
C. are taken, openD. have been taken, are opened
解析:答案 A 。因为 take place 没有被动语态,所以排除 C 和 D ,又因后句中很多
新学校开 了,这里需要被动, 而且表示到现在为止已经开了,所以用现在完成时态的
被动语态。 综合 选择 A 。
例 2:A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happenedB. has been happenedC. happenedD. was going to happen 解析 :答
案 C 。因为 happen 没有被动语态,所以排除 A 和 B 。又有 yesterday ,可判断时态
是一般过去时,所以选 C 。
②表状态动词不用于被动语态,常见的有:hold, have, cost, contain, become, look
like等 例 1:这本书花了我 20元。 (用 cost 翻译
_____________________ _______________________________
解析:答案 The book cost me 20 yuan。因为主语是书,很可能有的同学会写成
“The book was cost 20 yuan.” 可是 cost 这里表状态,不用于被动态。
例 2:That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
解析 :答案 D 。因为 cost 这个词不需要用被动语态,所以这里的主语是单数,可
以用 costs (一般现在时或 cost (一般过去时,根据选项,只能选 D 。
知识点 4:主动形式表被动意义。

1 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。 如:look, smell, taste,
feel, prove, wear, sound 等
例:Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。
2 某些作表语的形容词后,用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
例:The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。
The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。
The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。
3 动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。 如:need, require, worth等, 并且可相互转
化, 如 need doing = need to be done。
例:The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。
4write, sell, wash和 read 和副词连用,主动语态表被动意义。
例:The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。
The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。
例 1:--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A . is feelingB . feltC . feelsD . is felt
解析:答案 C 。这道题首先根据选项看出考查的是 feel 的用法,它属于系动词,无
被动,无 进行时,所以排除 A , D ,然后根据前一句话的时态确定选择 C 。
例 2:It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese.

A. write B. to writeC. to be written D. written
解析 :答案 B 。作表语的形容词 difficult 后不定式 to write主动形式表示被动意
义。
例 3:The composition doesn’ t____any more.
A. need to be correcting B. need to be corrected
C. need be corrected D. need be correcting
解析:答案 B 。 因为 need doing sth = need to be done, 这里只有 B 正确, 如果变
成 need doing sth ,可以换成 need correcting。
例 4:--- What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It's worth ___ a second time.
A . to readB . to be readC . readingD . being read
解析:答案 C 。 本题通过后面的回答可以很明显看出是 be worth的考点, 首先
后面接 doing , 然后根据它的主动表被动的特点,排除 D 。
例 5:The kind of cloth ________ well.
washed washing
解析:答案 C 。本题的考点是 wash 后接副词,表示耐洗,主动形式表被动语态,因
为 cloth 不可数,所以谓语动词用三单形式。
知识点 5:及物动词后跟双宾语的句子,被动语态有两种。
常见的有:

例 1:同义句转换
My parents gives me a birthday present every year! (变被动语态,两种表达
____________________________ ________________________________________
_____ __________________________________________________ _____________
解析 :答案 I am given a birthday present by my parents every year. A birthday
present is given to me by my parents every year. 分别把宾语 me 和 a birthday作为主
语。
例 2:He told us a story.(变被动语态,两种表达
__________________ __________________________________________________
_
________________________________________ ____________________________
_

解析 :答案 We were told a story(by him 或 A story was told to us by him. 分别以
we 和 a story 做主语,主语谓语动词的形式以及时态。
知识点 6:感官动词 see,hear,watch,feel,notice 及使役动词 let, make, have等,动词
后省略 to 不定式,变为被动语态时,应加上不定式符合 to.
例:I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态
The boys are always seen to play by me in the park.
例 1:He was made ___ a lot of work.
A. do B. to do C. did D. doing
解析 :答案 B 。 make 的用法是 make sb do sth, 在被动的情况下, 需把省略的不
定式 to 还原。 所以被动形式为 be made to do sth。
例 2:He was seen something from the shop .
A. steal B. to steal C. to be stolen D. stealed
解析 :答案 B 。 see 的用法, see sb do sth和 see sb doing sth,被动态是 sb be seen
to do sth和 sb be seen doing sth,所以根据选项来看,这里选择 B 。
知识点 7:一些动词短语用于被动语态时, 动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢
掉其中的 介词或副词。
例:We can't laugh at him. →He can't be laughed at by us.
例 1:翻译
1. 从来没有听说过这件事情。
2. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾的很好。

例 2:单选题
1. I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A. must be paid to B. ought to paid to C. must pay to D. should be paid
解析:答案 A 。首先 attention 作主语,后面需接被动语态,所以先排除 B 和 C 。
又因为 pay attention to这个动词短语,在被动语态时,后面的 to 不可以丢掉,所以选
A 。
2. Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C . be listened D. is listened 解析:答案
A 。 首先 our teacher作主语, 后面表示 “被听” , 需接被动语态, 又因为是单数, 所以
先排除 C 。又因为 listen to这个动词短语,在被动语态时,后面的 to 不可以丢掉,所以
选 A 。
( 1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did build ( 2. An accident ____ on this
road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( (棉
花 ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
( far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( 5.A talk on
Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives

( many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( 7.A lot of things ____
by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( 8.--When ___ this
kind of computers______? --Last year.
A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( Great Wall ____ all over the
world.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written Keys:1. B 2. D 3.A
4. C 5. C 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B