最新牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习

精品文档
8B被动语态讲解与练习
一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。

主动语态变为被动语态口诀: 主变宾，宾变主，谓语变be done ,时不变,“be”要随着主语变.
三、各种时态的被动语态的构成
1.一般现在时：主语+be（isamare）+过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态

① People use knives for cutting things.
______________________________ ________________________________________

② They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.
____ __________________________________________________ ________________
③ They speak English in Canada.
______________________________________ ________________________________
④ They grow rice in South China.
_________________________ _____________________________________________
⑤ People use metal(金属) for making machines. ________________________________________________ ______________________
⑥ Where do people plant the trees?
___________________________________ ___________________________________
2.
一般过去时：主语+be（waswere）+过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态

①
The wind blew down the big tree last night.
__________________________________ ____________________________________
② My sister took these photos on the Great Wall.
_ __________________________________________________ ___________________
③ They built many tall buildings in their hometown last year.
_______ __________________________________________________ _____________
④ When did you invent the strange machine?
_____________________________ _________________________________________
3.
一般将来时：主语+will+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它
或主语+be going to+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态

① They will build another bridge in the city next year.
________________ __________________________________________________ ____
② Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday?
____________a sports meeting ____________________in our school next Friday ?
③ They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening.
A lot of pop stars ___________________________________to the charity show this evening.
精品文档

精品文档
④ We are not going to hold a parents’ meeting tomorrow.
A parents’ meeting _________________________________________tomorrow.
4.
含情态动词：主语+情态动词+be（不变形）+过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态
① Amy can take good care of Tina.
________________________________________ ______________________________
② You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. < br>_______________________________________________ _______________________
③ They should collect money for the project.
_______________________ _______________________________________________
④ We can finish the work in two days.
____ __________________________________________________ ________________
⑤ We must water the flowers every day.
四、使用被动语态的注意点：
1.感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接不带to动词不定式变成被动语态时要加上“to”
即：----seehearnotice sb. do sth.变为了sb. be seenheardnoticed to do sth.
----letmakehave sb. do sth.变为了sb. be letmadehad to do sth.
把下列句子改为被动语态
① The boss makes the workers work all day.
______________________________ ________________________________________
② I often hear her sing in the room.
____________ __________________________________________________ ________
③ I saw him enter the reading room yesterday afternoon.
_________________________ _____________________________________________
④ Daniel saw the boy run yesterday.
_____ __________________________________________________ _______________
2.常见变被动的表达
see sb. doing sb. be seen doing
hear sb. doing sb. be heard doing
watch sb. doin sb. be watched doing
notice sb. doing sb. be noticed doing
tell sb. to do sb. be told to do
ask sb. to do sb. be asked to do
invited sb. to do sb. be invited to do
把下列句子改为被动语态
① We saw them playing soccer over there.
__________________________________ ____________________________________
② He asked me to buy some sugar.
__________________ __________________________________________________ __
3.含有双宾语的主动、被动转换
主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)
主语(sb) +be done+直接宾语(sth)+by sb
主语(sth) +be done+tofor+间接宾语(sb)+by sb
把下列句子改为被动语态
精品文档

精品文档
① We gave our teachers some flowers.
Our teachers________________________ ___________________________________________
Some flowers__________________________________ ________________________________
② My mother will buy me a new coat.
I ___________________ ________________________________________________
A new coat____________________________________ _______________________________
③ Lily sent me a New Year card last week.
I _________________ _________________________________________________
A new card ___________________________________ ________________________________
4.主动语态中“动词+介词 ”或“动词+副词”的短语动词变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可
拆开或漏掉。要整体搬迁。
把下列句子改为被动语态
① They look after the girl well.
________________________________________ ______________________________
② He often laughs at the poor boy.
______________________ ________________________________________________
五、几种不用被动语态的情况：
1.不及物动词（vi）没有被动语态, 直接用主动语态表示被动意义。如：happen, cost, die,
fall ,startbegin, rise, appear, disappear,etc.
用括号所给动词翻译句子
①这台电脑花了我5000元。(cost)
_____ __________________________________________________ _______________
②昨天他发生了一起事故。(happen)
____ __________________________________________________ ________________
③他爷爷3年前去世了。(die)
________ __________________________________________________ ____________
2.一些短语动词相当于不及物动词，没有被动结构, 直接用主动形式来表示被动意义。如：
take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong to 等
用括号所给动词翻译句子
① 我校运动会将在下周举办。(take place)
_________________________________________________ _____________________
②我的自行车坏了。（break down 完成时）
_________________________________________ _____________________________
③I hope that your dream ___________ (come ) true in the future.
3.系动词（linking V）没有被动语态（seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain, stay, sound,
feel, smell, taste等）
用括号所给动词翻译句子
①这食物尝起来味道很好。(taste) __________________________________________________
②他的主意听起来不错。(sound) ___________________________ ________________________

③她的新裙子摸起来很柔软。(feel) _________________________________________________
4.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当他们与well, badly, easily等副词连用时表示主语内在品
质或性能，无被动形式。 常见的动词有readwritedrawsellwashcookclean等
用括号所给动词翻译句子
精品文档