Unwritten-perpetuity
高考被动语态专项练习题及答案详解
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
The old man was weak after the
accident; so he ______ carefully by us.
A
.
must be take care of
B
.
must take care of
C
.
must
look after D
.
must be looked after
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
含情态动词的被动语态。句意:事故发生后,老人很虚弱;所以他必须由我们仔细照
顾。固定词组:take care of looked after“
照顾
”
;句子主语he
和谓语动词之间是被动关
系,所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态,
“
情态动词
+be +
过去分词
”
。故选
D
。
2
.
The affairs of each country
should be by its own people.
A
.
elected B
.
settled
C
.
developed D
.
contained
【答案】
B
【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决
。由句意可知,选
settle
,
意为
“
解决
”
。
elect
选举;
develop
发展;
contain
包含,控制。故选
B
。
3
.
The
new library ________; it will be open next
year.
A
.
had been built
B
.
was built
C
.
was being
built D
.
is being built
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放
。根据后面一句可推知,
图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句
要用现在
进行时的被动语态。故选
D
。
4
.
Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that
kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth
_________very well.
A
.
has been
told; washes
C
.
was told; was washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为
过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,
故用过去完成时。像
feel,
smell, look, wash
等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语
态,结合
前面时态可知,应选
washed
。句意
:
随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,
因为有人告
诉她那种布很好洗。故选
B
。
B
.
had been told; washed
D
.
had been told; was washed
5
.
Now the world’s attention ________
the stocking markets, as they have great influence
on
the world’s economy.
A
.
is fixing on B
.
is being
fixed on
C
.
has fixed on
D
.
had been fixed on
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经
济已经
产生了很大的影响。
attention
与
focus
之间为被动关系,<
br>Now
提示用现在进行时。
6
.
—It’s
so humid these days!
—Don’t worry! The
rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.
A
.
will expect B
.
expects
C
.
will be expected D
.
is
expected
【答案】
D
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句
意:
——
这些日子天气潮湿。
——
不要担心!这场雨预
计明天就会停
止。根据语境,
“expect”
表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,
“
停
止
”
的动作
发生在明天,且主语
The
rain
与
expect
之间是被动关系。故选
D
。
7
.
Quantities of soil ________ in
the area, resulting in the increasing number of
natural disasters.
A
.
is washed
away B
.
have washed away
C
.
have washed away D
.
have
been washed away
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil
和
wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选
D
。
8
.
105
.
The International
Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease
of 15 events
to the program of the
2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
A
.
will
make B
.
will be made
C
.
has been made D
.
had
made
【答案】
B
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际
奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时
的被动,故选
B
。
9
.
Chinese kites in
ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.
A
.
design B
.
had designed
C
.
were designed D
.
have been
designed
【答案】
C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据
in
ancient
times
可知,句子用一般过去时态,根据动词与主语是被
动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语
态,故选
C
。
10
.
8 students and 2 teachers at
Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed
with a
shotgun and a pistol. This is one of
the many gun-related tragedies that have happened
in the last
2 years.
A
.
killed
B
.
were killed
C
.
have
killed D
.
have been killed
【答案】
B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:在圣塔菲高中,一名
1
7
岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪,在
圣塔菲高中杀害了
8
名学生和
2
名教师。
8 students and 2 teachers
是句子主语,复数形
式,和
kill
之间是被动关系,再根据
in the last 2 ye
ars.
可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的
事故之一,可知这是在讲过去的事情,所以句子用
一般过去时态的被动语态,故答案为
B
。
11
.
It's great that all the visitors
who on the island were saved.
A
.
trapped
C
.
had trapped
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were <
br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis
itors
和
trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D<
br>选项正确。
B
.
have been trapped
D
.
had been trapped
12
.
To my ________
,
he was not
a little ________ at the news that he had won the
first prize
in the English speech contest, for
he thought that he didn't perform so well.
A
.
astonishment
;
astonishing
B
.
astonished
;
astonishing
C
.
astonishment
;
astonished
D
.
astonish
;
astonishment
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查
astonish<
br>相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是
,
他对这个消息并不感到惊讶
.to
one's
astonishment“
使某人感到惊讶的是
”
;
be
astonished at
sth.“
对某事感到惊讶
”
。故选
C.
13
.
The officer commanded that everyone
passing by ______ that day.
A
.
search
C
.
be searched
B
.
would be searched
D
.
must be searched
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。
command
后面的宾语从
句用虚拟
语气,(
should
)
+
动词原形,此处
eve
ryone
和
search
之间是被动关系,故答案为
C
。
14
.
It is the third time so far
that such a festival ________ in my hometown.
A
.
is held
C
.
will be held
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second,
third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,
三
…
)次…
。一般来说,
This is the first (second,
third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that
从
句使用
现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C
。
考点
:
考查句式用法
B
.
has been held
D
.
had been held
15
.
I want to buy that kind of cloth
because I ______ the cloth ______ well.
A
.
have told
;
washes
C
.
was told
;
washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空
中使用现在完成时表
示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且
I
与
tell
是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词
wash
与副词
well
连用,用
主动形式表示被动含
义。故
B
项正确。
【点睛】
小题
2
中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及
“
主语
+
不及
物动词
+
主语补语
”
句型中的一些不
及物动词使用主动表示被动的用
法。具体用法如下:
1)
系动词没有被动形式
,
但有些系动词常表
示被动意义。常见的有
taste(
吃起来
), sound
(
听
起来
), prove(
证明是
),
feel(
摸上去感到
)
等
,
例如
:
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来很合理。
Good medicine
tastes bitter to the mouth.
良药苦口。
2)
一些与
can't(
不能
)
或
won't(
不会<
br>)
连用的动词。常用的有
: lock(
锁住
),
shut(
关上
) , open
(打开,营业)
,
close
(关门)
, cut
(切割)
,
weigh
(重)
, act
(上演)
,
例如
:
The door won't open.
这门打不开。
It can't move.
它不能动。
This shop
opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone
weighs 2 tons.
3)
一些与
well(
很
),
easily(
容易地
),
perfectly(
十分地
)
等连用的动词
,
如
:
sell, wash, clean,
B
.
have been
told
;
washes
D
.
have been
told
;
is washed
burn, cook,
wash, write, last, read, wear
等。这种
“
动词+
副词
”
结构,常表示事物内部特有
的属性。例如
:
The book sells well.
这种书很畅销。
These clothes wash well.
这些衣服很耐洗。
4)
用在
“
主语
+
不及物动词
+
主语补
语
”
句型中的一些不及物动词
,
例如
:This
material has worn thin.
这料子已磨薄了。
The dust has blown into the house.
灰尘被风吹进了房子。
This kind of cloth
washes well and lasts long.
The
pen
my
father
gave
me
as
a
birthday
gift
writes
smoothly.
Written in simple English, this article reads
easily.
5)
某些不及物动词,如
happen,
occur, cost
以及短语,如
come out
(出版)
,
come up
(出现)
, come into being
(产生)
come to one’s mind
(想起)
, turn
out
(证明是)
,
come about
(发生)
,
break out
(爆发)
, belong
to
(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以
它们常用主动形式。
The
first textbooks written for teaching English as a
foreign language came out in the
18th century.
Suddenly an idea came to his mind.
It never occurred to me to phone you.
16
.
—I saw your uncle take a taxi to
the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?
—I __________. But my car ___________ .
A
.
would; was fixed
C
.
would
have; was being fixed
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:
-
--
我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送
他去那里呢?
---
我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示
本来想做但是没有做的事情,应
该用
would have done
;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的
时候,表示
过去正在进行的动作,故答案选
C
。
B
.
would
have; was fixed
D
.
did; was being
fixed
17
.
Please don’t stand
up in class until you ______.
A
.
were told to
C
.
are told
to
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重
复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号
to
。
分析句子可
知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。
【点睛】
B
.
are told
D
.
were
told
to
代替不定式
在一定的上下文中,为
了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
to
。<
br>to
代替不定式,常同
refuse, want, seem, intend,
expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer, care,
oblige, forget, wish,
try
,
tell
等动词连用。
注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,
或
have
been
,一般要保留
be, have
或
have
been
。
本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up
in class until you are told to stand
up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class
until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。
18
.
My brother and I have
__________her birthday party.
A
.
been invited
C
.
invited
to
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态和固定搭配。句意:我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。
My brother
and I
与
invite
之间是被动关系,
invite sb to s
omewhere
表示
“
邀请某人去某地
”
,故
D
项正确。
B
.
been invited for
D
.
been invited to
19
.
By the end of last year, another
new hospital __________ in our city.
A
.
would complete
C
.
was
completed
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态及语态。句意:去年年底为止,我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有
by
the end of
表示
“
到
…
为止
”
如果后面接过去的时间,句子要用过去完成时。本句中
by the end
of last
year
,
by
后是过去的时间状语,句子要用过去完成时,故选
D
。
【点睛】
By
表示时间,意为
“
到
......
时为止
”
;该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接
by
后面
是现在的时
间,句中就使用现在完成时;如果
by
后面是过去的时间状语,就使用过去
完成时;如果后
面是将来的时间,就使用将来完成时。
By the time
he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English
words.
到他十岁时
,
他已学了约一千个英语
By
2012the population of this city will have risen to
20 millon.
到
2020
年,这个城市的人口将增至二千万。
By the
time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for
London to attend a meeting.
当简到家时,她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了
B
.
would be completed
D
.
had been completed
20
.
––Why are you buying a new
refrigerator?
––The old one ______ so many
times that it’s not worth it any more.
A
.
has repaired B
.
is
repaired
C
.
has been repaired
D
.
has been repairing
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意:
——
你为什么要买一台新冰箱?
——旧的冰箱已经被
修过很多次了,它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完
成
时,主语
“
冰箱
”
和
“
修理
”
是被动关系,故选
C
。
21
.
You’d
better communicate with each other sincerely, and
I hope to see your conflict
________
tomorrow.
A
.
was to be solved
C
.
will have been solved
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态和语态。句意:你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通,我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解
决。由时间状语tomorrow
可知,此处应用将来时,
conflict
和
solv
e
之间为被动关系。因此
C
项的将来完成时符合语境,表示在将来某一时间以前(明天
结束之前)已经完成的动
作。故选
C
项。
B
.
has been solved
D
.
had been solved
22
.
The letters for the boss___________
on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days
later.
A
.
were put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【分析】
B
.
was put C
.
put D
.
has
put
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:
给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那
些信。
letter“
信件
”
和
put“
放
”
之间是被动的关系,所以排除C
和
D
,然后因为
letters
是复
数,谓语动词用
were put,
故选
A
。
23
.
New energy-sharing projects _____
in dozens of cities across the country to fuel
China’s
sharing economy in the next few
years.
A
.
are to carry out
C
.
were carried out
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
are being
carried out
D
.
will have been
carried out
考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正在全国
数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目正在城
市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy-
sharing projects
与动词
carry
out
是
被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to
carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being
carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were
carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have
been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B
。
24
.
I saw Jack in the lift this
morning. He
around here for a long
time.
A
.
won't be seen
C
.
hasn't been seen
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早
上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this
morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知
,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He
和
see
之间是一种被动关
系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D
。
B
.
wasn't
seen
D
.
hadn't been seen
25
.
Every possible means ________ to
prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not
clear.
A
.
is used
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可
能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍
然不明朗。
means
当名词解释为
方法
,单复数同型,且
every+
主语,谓语动词用单数;means
与动词
use
之间是被动关系,根据语境
“
所有的方
法都用了
”
,应该用现在完成时的
被动语态。故选
D
。
【点睛】
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单
数名词
”
等结构作主语
当
“eachevery+
单数名
词
+and+
单数名词
”
或
“eachevery+
单数名
词
+and+ eachevery+
单数名
词
”
结构作主语时,谓
语动词通常用单数形式。如:
Each boy and each girl has
been invited to the teaparty.
每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶
话会。
The boy and
the girl each have their own toys.
这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。
B
.
are used
C
.
have used D
.
has been used
26
.
The Olympic Sports Center
_______at present in the city and is said to be
open to the public
in 2019
A
.
is built B
.
has built
C
.
is being built D
.
will be
built
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说
201
9
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at present
意为
“<
br>现在
”
,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports
Center
与
build
该词被动关系,所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。
27
.
With the
development of science, more new technology ______
to the fields of IT.
A
.
has
introduced
C
.
is introduced
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:句意,随着科技的发展
,更多新的技术被引进到
IT
领域。表示现阶段正在进行
的动作,用现在进行时。且主
语
new technology
与动作
introduce
之间是被动关系
,用现在
分词的被动语态,故选
B
。
考点:时态和语态考查题
点评:动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形
式。英语动词有
16
种时态,但
是常用的只有
9
种:一般现在时、一
般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、
现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进
行时。当句子的主语是动作的执行者
时,谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时,谓语的形
式叫被动作语态。被
动语态由助动词
be +
过去分词构成,时态通过
be
表现出来。
B
.
is being
introduced
D
.
was introduced
28
.
His sister left home in 1998,
and_________________ since.
A
.
had
not been heard of
C
.
had not heard of
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态:句意:他的
妹妹在
1998
年离家,至今杳无音讯
”
。
And
前用过
去式
表示她
1998
年离家这一事实,而
and
后用
has
not been heard of
表示从
1998
到现在这一段
时间的状
态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,而且
his
sister
和
hear of
是被动关系,选
B
。
考点:考查时态
B
.
has not been heard
of
D
.
has not heard of
29
.
— Why do you look very upset?
— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my
essay ________ unfinished since.
A
.
was left
C
.
had been left
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
has left
D
.
has been
left
考查时态语态。句意:
——
你为什么看起来很沮丧
?
——
突然停电了,那时我的文章就没
写完。句中
leave
与主语
essay
构成动宾关系,要用被动形式;句中时间状语
since
表示从
那时起到现在文章一直没写完,是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选
D
。
30
.
The house, which _____ last
night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any
more.
A
.
was broken into; is
belonged to B
.
broke into; is belonged
to
C
.
broke into; belonging to
D
.
was broken into; belongs to
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在
那里住了。第一空,
根据
last night
及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,
break
into“
破门而入
”
,答案为
was broken
into
;第二空,
belong to“
属于
”
,无进行和被动语
态,
结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为
belongs
to
。故选
D
。