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高考被动语态讲解及练习题库

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:15
tags:被动语态讲解

卡尔特猫-namely

2020年10月22日发(作者:梁小玉)


高考被动语态讲解及练习题库

一、单项选择被动语态
1

No decision __A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been
interviewed.

A

will be made
C

is being made
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态,主语是
decision
和动词< br>make
是动宾关系,所以用被动式,因为后
面的句子
about any future appointment
可以知道动作未发生,所以用将来时,句子意思

于未来会议没有做出任何决定直到所有的报考者已经被采访

,所以选
A

考点:考查时态

点评:做时态题时,首先看时间状语,由时间状语来确 定句子的时态;如果没有时间状
语,可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态。

B

is made

D

has been made


2

—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.

— Oh

my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow.

A

was expected
C

expected
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:
——
经理出差回来了 。他正在问你要报告。
——
哦,
天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根 据语境,是过去预料他明天会回
来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选
A


【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时
间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。

考点:考查时态和语态

B

will expect

D

will be expected


3

Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth
_________very well.

A

has been told; washes
C

was told; was washed
【答案】
B

【解析】

考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为 过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,
故用过去完成时。像
feel, smell, look, wash
等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语
态,结合 前面时态可知,应选
washed
。句意
:
随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布, 因为有人告
诉她那种布很好洗。故选
B


B

had been told; washed

D

had been told; was washed


4

—Are we about to have dinner?

—Yes

it ________ in the dining room.

A

serves B

is serving

C

is being served D

has been serving

【答案】
C

【解析】

考查时态。因
serve

it(dinner)
是动宾关系,要用被动语态;由问句中的
are about to(
即将
)
have dinner
和答语
Yes
可知,已



供应
dinner
了,故用现在进 行时的被动语态。故选
C



5

--- Why don't we choose that road to save time?

--- The bridge to it .

A

has repaired
C

is being repaired
【答案】
C

【解析】

考查时态和语 态。句意为:
——
我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢?
——
通往那条路的< br>桥正在维修。桥正在被维修,故用现在进行时的被动语态。

答案:
C

B

is repaired

D

will be repaired


6

The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.

A

announced B

was announced C

announces D

is announced

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在< br>2017

4

1
日被官方宣
布。计划是被官方宣布 ,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选
B



7

107

The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm.

A

were trapping B

were being trapped

C

are trapping D

are being trapped

【答案】
B

【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意:这位农民说他们在 暴风雪中被困时,解放军
战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的
said
判断从句中需要与 过去相关的时态;根据短语
“be
trapped in”
排除
A

C
;句中表示

被暴风雪困住的时候

,故用过去进行时 的被动语态,故

B


点睛:对时态的选择,要在把握时态的基本 用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间
推断时态,同时关注特殊的结构。


8

105

The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events


to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

A

will make B

will be made

C

has been made D

had made

【答案】
B

【解析】考 查动词时态和语态。句意:国际奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来 时
的被动,故选
B



9

Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal
accidents.

A

are urging, followed B

are being urged, following

C

are urged, to follow D

urge, being followed

【答案】
B

【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意:最近接连发生的致 命事故敦促地方政府加强
水路运输安全管理。
urge sb. to do sth.
,为固定搭配。

敦促某人做某事

。分析句意可知是< br>事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系,故
A

D
是错误 的。事件已发生了
故不能用
to follow
作定语,
following
,后面的,其次的,下列的。因此要用
B



10

103

When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the
National Games are to be held then.

A

will be constructing B

will have been constructed

C

has been constructing D

is being constructed

【答案】
B

【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意:明年八月当你访 问我们城镇的时候,一个
现代化的体育中心将已经被建成,因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语
next
August
,排除
C

D
两项,再根据
a modern sports center

construct
是被动关系,排除
A
项,用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选
B
项。


11

Oral English exams _______ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.

A

has held B

will be held

C

will hold D

has been held

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次,为的是给学生更
多的机会。句中 主语
Oral English exams
和动词
hold
是被动关系,表 示动作将要进行不是完
成,排除
D
,故选
B



12

—Have you moved into the new house?

—Not yet. It ________.

A

has been built B

was built


C

is being built D

had been built

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:
——
你搬进新家了吗?
——
仍旧没 有,它仍旧正
在建设。根据语境可知,
It
指代上文提到的
the new house
,是第三人称单数,与
built
是被
动关系,用被动语态,结合 句意,
built
这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选
C



13
.-
Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?


Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.

A

had interviewed B

was interviewed

C

was being interviewed D

is being interviewing

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词时态。句意:
——
迈克,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办公室吗
?——
是的< br>,

正在接受采访
,
他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过 去进行时,句中
he
和动

interview
是被动关系,所以此 处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C



14

—Are we about to having dinner?

—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.

A

serve B

is serving

C

is being served D

has been serving

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时态和语态 。句意:
——
我们准备去吃饭吗?
——
是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供
应。
it
是指饭菜,和动作
serve
之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选 项中只有
C

是现在进行时的被动语态,故选
C



15

Peter is helping set tables in the hall, where John’s birthday party ________.

A

is holding B

has held

C

is held D

will be held

【答案】
D

【 解析】考查时态和语态。句意:皮特正在帮着在大厅里放桌子,约翰的生日晚会将在这
里举行。根据前面 语境正在放桌子,可知现在
party
还没举行,马上将要举行,

生日晚会



举行

之间是被动关系,故选
D



16

His sister left home in 1998, and_________________ since.

A

had not been heard of
C

had not heard of
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态:句意:他的妹妹在
1998
年离家 ,至今杳无音讯


And
前用过去式
表示她
1998< br>年离家这一事实,而
and
后用
has not been heard of
表示从
1998
到现在这一段
B

has not been heard of

D

has not heard of


时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影 响或后果,而且
his sister

hear of
是被动关系,选
B


考点:考查时态


17

To my ________

he was not a little ________ at the news that he had won the first prize
in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well.

A

astonishment

astonishing

B

astonished

astonishing

C

astonishment

astonished

D

astonish

astonishment

【答案】
C

【解析】

考查
astonish< br>相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是
,
他对这个消息并不感到惊讶
.to one's
astonishment“
使某人感到惊讶的是


be astonished at sth.“
对某事感到惊讶

。故选
C.


18

Louis Cha (
金庸
) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______
the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”

A

could have been rewarded
C

should be rewarded
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词
+have done
用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本
能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻 译成了英语的著作。
A. could have been rewarded
本可以被
授予;
B. must have been rewarded
一定被授予;
C. should be rewarded
应该被授予;
D. need
have been rewarded
本必要被授予。根据语境,
A
选项正确。

【点睛】

could have done
可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句 。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实
际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为
“< br>本来可以
”“
本来能

,也可以表示对过
去动作的推测,常可 译为

可能(已经
)”
。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故
A
选项正确。

B

must have been rewarded

D

need have been rewarded


19

You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.

A

has painted B

is painted

C

is being painted D

is painting

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来
,
房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进


行时的被动语态。故C
选项正确。


20

Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.

A

will be repaid
C

has been repaid
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题解析:考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语
later in life
意为在以后的生活
中,可以判断为将来时态,此处要注意的是不要被前文的
now
混淆 ,
that you do now
在句
中充当
the hard work
的定语成分,与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意:不要担
心,你现在付出的努力在以后 一定会有所回报。故选
A


考点:考查时态辨析。

B

was being repaid

D

was repaid


21

As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by
2025.

A

will have been put B

will have put
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆 共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成 被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A


C

have been put D

will be putting


22

Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the current
global financial crisis.

A

had been affected
C

should be affected
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当 前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种客观事实,且
the econom y

affect
之间是一种被动关系,所以
that

导 的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D


B

were affected

D

is affected


23
.(天津)
Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the
best all-round forms of exercise.

A

regard
C

are regarded
【答案】
B

B

is regarded

D

regards


【解析】

【详解】

考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:现在骑自行车,慢跑和游泳被认为是最全 面的锻炼方式
之一。根据动词短语
regard…as…“

……
看 作
……”
和句意确定应该用被动语态,排除
A

D
。再根据 主语部分是由介词短语
along with
连接的三个动名词做主语,应该谓语动词应该< br>就前一致,即用单数,排除
C
,故选
B


【点睛】

本题考查方向涉及到动词的语态和主谓一致,首先要把握句意,判断主谓之 间是主动还是
被动关系,再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面,即加之判断谓语动词的单复数,考查了学< br>生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。


24

By the end of last year, another new hospital __________ in our city.

A

would complete
C

was completed
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:去年年底为止,我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有
by
the end of
表示



为止

如果后面接过去的时间,句子要用过去完成时。本句中
by the end
of last year

by
后是过去的时间状语,句子要用过去完成时,故选
D


【点睛】

By
表示时间,意为


......
时为止

;该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接
by
后面 是现在的时
间,句中就使用现在完成时;如果
by
后面是过去的时间状语,就使用过去 完成时;如果后
面是将来的时间,就使用将来完成时。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.

到他十岁时
,
他已学了约一千个英语

By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.


2020
年,这个城市的人口将增至二千万。

By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.

当简到家时,她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了

B

would be completed

D

had been completed


25

New energy-sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s
sharing economy in the next few years.

A

are to carry out
C

were carried out
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正 在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
B

are being carried out

D

will have been carried out


几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目正在城市 中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy- sharing projects
与动词
carry out

被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B



26

Beijing's new international airport ________ into use in September, 2019, according to the
spokesperson.

A

was put
C

has put
【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意 :按照发言人所说,北京的新国际机场将在
2019
年投入
使用。根据句意可知,用一 般将来时态的被动语态。故选
D


考点:考查时态和语态

B

will put

D

will be put


27

With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the fields of IT.

A

has introduced
C

is introduced
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:句意,随着科技的发展,更多新的技术被引进到
IT< br>领域。表示现阶段正在进行
的动作,用现在进行时。且主语
new technolog y
与动作
introduce
之间是被动关系,用现在
分词的被动语态,故选
B


考点:时态和语态考查题

点评:动词是谓语动所表 示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有
16
种时态,但
是常用的只有
9
种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、
现在完成时、过去 完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。当句子的主语是动作的执行者
时,谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子 的主语是动作承受者时,谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被
动语态由助动词
be +
过去分词构成,时态通过
be
表现出来。

B

is being introduced

D

was introduced


28

Commercial and recreational fishing _______ population sizes and also made individuals
smaller, since big fish _______ and smaller ones thrown back.

A

decreased; kept
C

has decreased; keep
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

B

had decreased; are kept

D

has decreased; are kept

< br>考查时态和语态。句意:商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模,也使个体变小,因为大鱼被保
留下来, 小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果,用现在完成时态;第二空
是一般现在时态的被动语 态,主语
big fish

keep
是被动关系,故答案为
D



29

—Mum, is the pair of gloves ________ mine?

—Yes. You have to wear another pair.

A

washing
C

being washed
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意:
——
妈妈 ,这双正洗的手套是我的吗?
——
是的。你不得不带另一双
了。根据下文可知,手套是 正在被洗,用现在进行时的被动,故选
C


B

have washed

D

having washed


30

It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so
many innocent people.

A

are blamed
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致以及
be to blame
的用法。句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错 误,应对这么多
无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for…
表示

应受责备,应对
……
负责

时,固定短语,因此
排除< br>A

C
项;这里强调主语
the natural disaster
,是一个强调句,谓语动词应与主语保持
一致,即与
the natural disaster
保持一致,因此用
was to blame
,故选
B
项。

B

was to blame C

was blamed D

were to blame

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