screwdriver-野餐英语怎么读
【英语】高一英语被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
If we had taken such
effective measures much earlier, the river
so seriously now.
A
.
is not
polluted
C
.
had not been polluted
【答案】
B
【解析】
选
B
句意:如
果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在
事实相反的虚拟语气,用
would
加动词原形。
B
.
would not be
polluted
D
.
would not have been
polluted
2
.
I intend to buy
that kind of clothes because I ____ that they
_____ well.
A
.
have told; wash
C
.
was told; washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
考察时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错
。可知从句内
容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。选
B
。
B
.
have been told; wash
D
.
have been told; are washed
3
.-
Mike, did
you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?
-
Yes, he ________, and he looked a little
bit nervous.
A
.
had interviewed
B
.
was interviewed
C
.
was
being interviewed D
.
is being
interviewing
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词时态。
句意:
——
迈克
,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办
公室吗
?——
是的
,
他
正在接受采访
,
他看起来有
点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过去进行时,句中
he
和动
词
inter
view
是被动关系,所以此处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C
。
4
.
—Have you moved into the new
house?
—Not yet. It ________.
A
.
has been built B
.
was
built
C
.
is being built
D
.
had been built
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:
——
你搬进新家了吗?
——
仍旧没有,它仍旧正
在建设。根据语境可知,
It
指代上文提到的
t
he new house
,是第三人称单数,与
built
是被
动关系,用
被动语态,结合句意,
built
这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选
C
。<
br>
5
.
Local governments to
strengthen water transport safety management
recent fatal
accidents.
A
.
are
urging, followed B
.
are being urged,
following
C
.
are urged, to follow
D
.
urge, being followed
【答案】
B
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意:最近接连发生的致
命事故敦促地方政府加强
水路运输安全管理。
urge sb. to do
sth.
,为固定搭配。
“
敦促某人做某事
”
。分析句意可知是<
br>事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系,故
A
与
D
是错误
的。事件已发生了
故不能用
to follow
作定语,
following
,后面的,其次的,下列的。因此要用
B
。
6
.
105
.
The International
Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease
of 15 events
to the program of the
2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
A
.
will
make B
.
will be made
C
.
has been made D
.
had
made
【答案】
B
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际
奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时
的被动,故选
B
。
7
.
The plan for
Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1,
2017.
A
.
announced B
.
was
announced C
.
announces D
.
is
announced
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态与被动语态。
句意:设立雄安新区的计划在
2017
年
4
月
1
日被官方宣
布。计划是被官方宣布,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选<
br>B
。
8
.
Quantities of
soil ________ in the area, resulting in the
increasing number of natural disasters.
A
.
is washed away B
.
have
washed away
C
.
have washed away
D
.
have been washed away
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走
了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil
和
wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语
态,故选
D
。
9
.
The
headmaster in our school hopes that we will be
more ambitious when we graduate than
when we ________ admitted.
A
.
will get
C
.
got
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
语态。句意:我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主
语
we和动词
admit
是被动关系,入学发生在过去,此处用一般过去时的被动语态;
got
在
此相当于
were
,故选
C
。
B
.
get
D
.
have got
10
.
—Are we about to have
dinner?
—Yes
,
it ________ in the
dining room.
A
.
serves
B
.
is serving
C
.
is being
served D
.
has been serving
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查时态。因
serve
与
it(dinner)
是动宾关系,要用被动语态;由问句中的
are
about to(
即将
)
have dinner
和答语
Yes
可知,已
“
在
”
供应
dinner
了,故用现在进
行时的被动语态。故选
C
。
11
.
Peter
is helping set tables in the hall, where John’s
birthday party ________.
A
.
is
holding B
.
has held
C
.
is
held D
.
will be held
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:皮特正在帮着在大厅里放桌子
,约翰的生日晚会将在这
里举行。根据前面语境正在放桌子,可知现在
party
还没
举行,马上将要举行,
“
生日晚会
”
与
“
举行
”<
br>之间是被动关系,故选
D
。
12
.
—It’s so humid these days!
—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from
tomorrow.
A
.
will expect
B
.
expects
C
.
will be
expected D
.
is expected
【答案】
D
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:
——
这
些日子天气潮湿。
——
不要担心!这场雨预
计明天就会停止。根据语境,
“e
xpect”
表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,
“
停止
”
的动作
发生在明天,且主语
The
rain
与
expect
之间是被动关系。故选
D
。
13
.
Later Mrs Smith decided to buy
that kind of cloth because she_________ that the
cloth
_________very well.
A
.
has been told; washes
C
.
was told; was washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为
过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,
故用过去完成时。像
feel,
smell, look, wash
等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语
态,结合
前面时态可知,应选
washed
。句意
:
随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,
因为有人告
诉她那种布很好洗。故选
B
。
B
.
had been told; washed
D
.
had been told; was washed
14
.
The new library ________; it will
be open next year.
A
.
had been
built B
.
was built
C
.
was
being built D
.
is being built
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放
。根据后面一句可推知,
图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句
要用现在
进行时的被动语态。故选
D
。
15
.
At the awarding ceremony held in
Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what
______ in
science and technology.
A
.
has discovered B
.
has been
discovered
C
.
had discovered
D
.
had been discovered
【答案】
D
【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学
技术的发现。科学家们感
到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,
what
于
动词
discover
是被动关系,故选
D
。
16
.
(
江苏四校第四次考试
)The flood has
caused a lot of damage to that area and the
figures of
the missing________shortly.
A
.
will be published
C
.
had
been published
【答案】
A
【解析】
考查时态。
shortly
不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来
时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。
答案:
A
B
.
have been published
D
.
are published
17
.
It is the third time so far that
such a festival ________ in my hometown.
A
.
is held B
.
has been held
C
.
will be held
【答案】
B
【解析】
D
.
had
been held
试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the
first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,
三
…
)次
…
。一般来说,
This is the first
(second, third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that
从
句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个
节日庆祝活动,
还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C
。
考点
:
考查句式用法
18
.
________scores of times, but Derek
still couldn’t understand how to use past
participle in a
concrete situation.
A
.
Having explained
C
.
Though it was explained
【答案】
D
【解析】
因为有连词
but
,前面应是完整的句子,排除
A,B;
Though
不能和
but
同时使用,所以选
D
。
B
.
Having been explained
D
.
It was explained
19
.
Our teacher keeps telling us that
the future to the well-educated.
A
.
belonging
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查短语:
belong to
属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选
B
。
B
.
belongs C
.
is belonging
D
.
is belonged
20
.
—
Did he decide to take part in the competition?
— Yes, of course. He _____ to.
A
.
has been encouraging
B
.
had been encouraged
C
.
has been encouraged D
.
was
to be encouraged
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:
——
他决定参加比赛吗?
——
是的,当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据
he
和动词
encourage
之间的逻辑关系分析,
此处应该使用被动形式,故
先排除
A
项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,
此处应该使用过去完成时态的
被动语态。故选
B
。
21
.
Our society would be better off but
for the fact that the economy ________ by the
current
global financial crisis.
A
.
had been affected
C
.
should be affected
【答案】
D
B
.
were affected
D
.
is
affected
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种
客观事实,且
the economy
和
affect
之间是一种被动关系,
所以
that
引
导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D<
br>。
22
.
— Why do you look
very upset?
— The electricity was cut off
suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished
since.
A
.
was left
C
.
had been left
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:
——
你为什么看起来很沮丧?
——
突然停电了,那时我的文章就没
写完。句中
le
ave
与主语
essay
构成动宾关系,要用被动形式;句中时间状语
si
nce
表示从
那时起到现在文章一直没写完,是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选
D。
B
.
has left
D
.
has been left
23
.
Beijing's new international airport
________ into use in September, 2019, according to
the
spokesperson.
A
.
was put
C
.
has put
【答案】
D
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:按照发言人所说,北京的新国际机场将
在
2019
年投入
使用。根据句意可知,用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选
D
。
考点:考查时态和语态
B
.
will
put
D
.
will be put
24
.
Neither Mary nor her parents
________ of the exciting news, which surprises us
a lot.
A
.
has informed
C
.
has been informed
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致及语态。句意:玛丽和她的父母
都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,这让我们
很吃惊。根据句意可知,此处使用被动语态;
nei
ther…nor
(既不,也不)有就近原则,只
看离谓语动词最近的主语,这里
he
r parents
是复数,且是被告知,所以用
have been
informed
,故选
D
项。
【点睛】
本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常
B
.
have informed
D
.
have been
informed
见的就近原则的词或者短语有:
not…but…, or,
either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…,
there be
句型,
whether…or…
,例如:
There is an apple and two
bananas.
这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。
Not only you but
also your father likes
fishing.
不仅你,而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。
25
.
—Why didn’t you attend the assembly
this morning?
—But I ________ anything
about that.
A
.
didn’t tell
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态和语态。句意:
——
你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会?
——
没人告诉我
。主语
I
和
tell
之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,又
“
没有告诉
”
的动作发生在今天早上之前,即过
去之过去,故用过去完成时的被动语态,
即
had been done
,故选
C
项。
B
.
haven’t told C
.
hadn’t been
told D
.
haven’t been told
26
.
—The hurricane ____ to reach the
coast tomorrow morning.
—If so, we’d
better make full preparations for it.
A
.
will be predicted
【答案】
D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词的时态
及语态。句意:
——
预测飓风明天早上会到达海岸。
——
如果是这样的
话,我们最好做好充分的准备。
A. will be
predicted
将被预测;
B. is
predicting
正在被预测;
C. has
predicted
已经预测;
D. is
predicted
被预测。分析句子可知,空格处的主语是
the
hurrica
ne
与动词
predict
二者是被动关系,要用被动语态。
B
和<
br>C
是主动语态,故不正确。
根据第二句话可知,飓风明天早上才到,现在还没到,即飓风
到达海岸是现在做出的预
测,所以要用一般现在时,故选
D
。
B
.
is predicting C
.
has
predicted D
.
is predicted
27
.
New energy-sharing projects _____
in dozens of cities across the country to fuel
China’s
sharing economy in the next few
years.
A
.
are to carry out
C
.
were carried out
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正
在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目
正在城市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy-
sharing projects
与动词
carry
out
是
B
.
are being carried out
D
.
will have been carried out
被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to carry
out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being carried
out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were carried
out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have been
carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B
。
28
.
It is ______ that the financial
crisis is disappearing in some countries.
A
.
reported
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:据报道,金融危机正在
一些国家消退。句中
It
为形式主语,
that
引
导的从句为主语从
句,是真正的主句的主语,所缺词为主句谓语动词,主语与动词
report
是逻辑上的动宾关
系,是动作的接受者,所以用被动语态。故选
A
。
B
.
to report C
.
reporting
D
.
being reported
29
.
Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____
together with special pancakes, green onions and
sweet
sauce.
A
.
was served
B
.
will serve
C
.
is served
D
.
served
【答案】
C
【解析】考查时
态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句
子说的是一般情况,要用一般现
在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动
词
serve
之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
C
。
30
.
This kind of
cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth
________.
A
.
is sold
;
have
been sold
C
.
sells
;
have been
sold
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词的时态语态。句意:这种布销路很好,已售出大量。
sellwashburn
等词在表示事
物的状态、特点时,可以用主动表被动,因此第一个空应选
sells
;第二空表示
“
出售,卖
”
的动作,用被动语态,且强调对现在的影
响应该用现在完成时态,故正确答案为
C
。
B
.
is
sold; has been sold
D
.
sells has
been sold
31
.
People believe
that the China Dream is not very difficult
________ so long as the whole
nation works
hard for it.
A
.
realizing
C
.
realized
【答案】
D
B
.
to be realized
D
.
to
realize
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be
difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式
习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to
understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient,
dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible,
interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant<
br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D
。
32
.
As is estimated, more than
20 million shared bikes ______ into operation
nationwide by
2025.
A
.
will
have been put B
.
will have put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆
共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成
被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A
。
C
.
have been put D
.
will be
putting
33
.
in a red
dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at
the airport.
A
.
Being dressed; pick
out
C
.
Dressed; be picked out
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
过去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被
认出来。
b
e dressed
in
穿着
……
,作状语表状态,故用
dressed
。
sb
be easy to do sth
主动形
式表达被动意思,所以用
pick
out
。故
B
选项正确。
【点睛】
主动形式表被动意义的不定式
1.
主语+
be +adj.
+to do
。
能用于此句型的形容词有
: difficult,
easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant,
tiresome(
使人疲劳的
),
interesting, nice,
heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.
注意:当上述
形容词在句中作宾语补
足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。
2.
主语
+be +adj. + enough +to do
。
3.
主语
+be +too +adj. +to do
。
4.
不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主
动形式表被动概念。
I have a meeting to attend
today.
B
.
Dressed; pick out
D
.
Having dressed; pick out
be
句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。
6.
在
“
疑问代词
+
不定式
”
结构中。
, to blame, to
seek
等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。
8. with+O.+to do
结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。
分析句子可知,
sb be easy to do
sth
主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用
pick
out
。故
B
选项正确
34
.
Are you going to attend the meeting
________ next Saturday?
A
.
holding
B
.
hold
C
.
to hold
D
.
to be held
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。
句意:你要参加下星期六举行的会议吗
?
根据
next
Saturday
可知,事情还未发生,
the meeting
和
hold
之间是一种被动关系,所以用动词
不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语,且表示将来。故选
D
。
35
.
The old man was
weak after the accident; so he ______ carefully by
us.
A
.
must be take care of
B
.
must take care of
C
.
must
look after D
.
must be looked after
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
含情态动词的被动语态。句意:事故发生后,老人很虚弱;所以他必须由我们仔细照
顾。固定词组:take care of looked after“
照顾
”
;句子主语he
和谓语动词之间是被动关
系,所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态,
“
情态动词
+be +
过去分词
”
。故选
D
。
36
.
You can’t move in right now.
The house _____ now.
A
.
has painted
B
.
is painted
C
.
is being
painted D
.
is painting
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查
语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来
,
房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进
行时的被动语态。故
C
选项正确。
37
.
A
new function of China’s official train ticket
booking website ______to boost buyers’
chances
of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring
Festival travel rush.
A
.
will be
expected B
.
expects C
.
has
been expected D
.
is expected
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票
机会。
be expected to do
表示
“
有望
……”
,
常用于一般现在时,故
D
项正确。
38
.
Many subway stations, including the
one near our school, ________ at present for a
better
transport in the city.
A
.
are constructing B
.
are
being constructed C
.
is constructing
D
.
is being constructed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,
以便有更便利的交通
。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语
Many subway stations
和动词
construct
是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选
B.
【点睛】
现在进行时的被动结构:
be +
being+
过去分词
A number of Dongfeng trucks
are being shipped abroad.
一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1
)
“be being done”
中的动词
be
应随主语作相应的变化。
2
)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把
be
doing
变为
be
being done.
例
1.
The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The
classroom is being cleaned now.
现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning
变为
is
being cleaned)
例
2. The boy is counting
some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.
那男孩正在数羊。
(is counting
变为
are being
counted)
39
.
In no time______
by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts
to deepen reform and
opening-up.
A
.
the landmark decision was
followed
B
.
was the landmark
decision followed
C
.
did the
landmark decision follow
;
D
.
the landmark decision had been
followed;
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深
化改革和扩大
开放。
In no time
(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序
,不用部分倒装。另外,该句
陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选
A
。
【点睛】
关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是
谓语部分的
be
动词,情态动词或助动
词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下
几类:第一,否定性副词或者赋词短语,
比如
seldom
,
hardly<
br>,
at no time, in no case, on no
occasion
等位于句首时,比如,
Hardly
does he get
late.
第二,
only
修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如
only
in this way can we
succeed.
而本题中
in no
time (
立刻,马上
)
,不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。
40
.
The Palace Museum has put on
many attractions since it ___________ in 2017.
A
.
had been rebuilt
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:自从
20
17
年重新修缮,故宫博物院内部已经增加了许多景点。
分析语境可知,重新修缮是过去某个具
体时间点(
2017
年)发生的事情,应用一般过去
时;此处也可用固定句型
havehas done since…
来理解,该句型中主句用完成时,
since
引
导的从句使用一般过去时;故宫博物院是
“
被
”
相关人员修缮,
应使用被动语态,
was rebuilt
符合题意,故选
B
。
B
.
was rebuilt C
.
had rebuilt
D
.
rebuilt
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