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最新高中被动语态练习题及答案详解

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:18
tags:被动语态讲解

教练英文-春夏秋冬英语单词

2020年10月22日发(作者:池芝盛)


最新高中被动语态练习题及答案详解

一、单项选择被动语态
1

More than one worker ______ dismissed.

A

have been B

are

C

has been D

has

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由

+单数名词

构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除
A

B


工人



解雇
之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选
C



2

The two nurses ________ 100

000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the
explosion.

A

rewarded
C

have been rewarded
【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:句 意:这两位护士被警方奖赏
100

000
元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故 的受
害者。根据
“but donated it to victims of the e xplosion.”
,可知

她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受
害者

已经是发生在过去的事情,而

两位护士被警方奖赏
100

000


是发生在过去的过
去,故用过去完成时,且

两位护士



奖赏

是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D


考点:考查时态和语态

B

would be rewarded

D

had been rewarded


3

At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in
science and technology.

A

has discovered B

has been discovered

C

had discovered D

had been discovered

【答案】
D

【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学 技术的发现。科学家们感
到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,
what
于 动词
discover
是被动关系,故选
D



4

—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?

—To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.

A

was held B

had been held

C

has held D

held

【答案】
A

【解析】考查动词的 时态和语态。
meeting

hold
逻辑上的宾语,故用被动语态,再由 时


间状语
last Sunday
可知用一般过去时。故选
A
。句意:
——
你知道为什么上星期日中学老
师召开会议吗?
——要求更小班,每个班不超过
25-30
个学生。


5

Quantities of soil ________ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.

A

is washed away B

have washed away

C

have washed away D

have been washed away

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时 态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil

wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选
D



6

The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.

A

announced B

was announced C

announces D

is announced

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在< br>2017

4

1
日被官方宣
布。计划是被官方宣布 ,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选
B



7

105

The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events
to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

A

will make B

will be made

C

has been made D

had made

【答案】
B

【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际 奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时
的被动,故选
B



8

Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal
accidents.

A

are urging, followed B

are being urged, following

C

are urged, to follow D

urge, being followed

【答案】
B

【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意:最近接连发生的致 命事故敦促地方政府加强
水路运输安全管理。
urge sb. to do sth.
,为固定搭配。

敦促某人做某事

。分析句意可知是< br>事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系,故
A

D
是错误 的。事件已发生了
故不能用
to follow
作定语,
following
,后面的,其次的,下列的。因此要用
B



9

103

When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the
National Games are to be held then.


A

will be constructing B

will have been constructed

C

has been constructing D

is being constructed

【答案】
B

【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意:明年八月当你访 问我们城镇的时候,一个
现代化的体育中心将已经被建成,因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语
next
August
,排除
C

D
两项,再根据
a modern sports center

construct
是被动关系,排除
A
项,用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选
B
项。


10

Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.

A

design B

had designed

C

were designed D

have been designed

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据
in ancient
times
可知,句子用一般过去时态,根据动词与主语是被动关系,故用一 般过去时的被动语
态,故选
C



11

Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.

A

had made B

have made

C

were made D

have been made

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据
in the past decades
可知句子用现在完成时态,
efforts
是句子 主语,复数形式,和谓语动词
make
之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态, 故答案为
D



12
.-
Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?


Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.

A

had interviewed B

was interviewed

C

was being interviewed D

is being interviewing

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词时态。 句意:
——
迈克
,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办 公室吗
?——
是的
,

正在接受采访
,
他看起来有 点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过去进行时,句中
he
和动

inter view
是被动关系,所以此处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C



13

Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet
sauce.

A

was served B

will serve

C

is served D

served

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时 态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句


子说的是一般情 况,要用一般现在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动词
serve
之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故 答案为
C



14

—Have you heard about that school bus accident?

—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.

A

were saved
C

have saved
【答案】
A

【解析】

考查动词时态和语态。句意为:
——
你有没有听说那起校 车事故?
——
嗯,幸运的是,车
上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的
H ave you heard...
可知,事故发生在过去,且
all
为主语,和save
逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案
A
符合语境。

B

was saved

D

has been saved


15

I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well.

A

have told

washes
C

was told

washed
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这 种布。第一空
中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且
I

t ell
是被动关系,所以使用
现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词
wash
与副词
well
连用,用主动形式表示被动含
义。故
B
项正确。
【点睛】

小题
2
中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及

主语
+
不及物动词
+
主语补语

句型中的一些 不
及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:

1)
系动词没有被动 形式
,
但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有
taste(
吃起来
), sound (

起来
), prove(
证明是
), feel(
摸上去感到
)

,
例如
:

Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来很合理。


Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
良药苦口。

2)
一些与
can't(
不能
)

won't(
不会< br>)
连用的动词。常用的有
: lock(
锁住
), shut(
关上
) , open
(打开,营业)
, close
(关门)
, cut
(切割)
, weigh
(重)
, act
(上演)
,
例如
:

The door won't open.
这门打不开。
It can't move.
它不能动。

This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.

3)
一些与
well(

), easily(
容易地
), perfectly(
十分地
)
等连用的动词
,

: sell, wash, clean,
burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear
等。这种

动词
+
副词

结构,常表示事物内部特有
的属性。例如
:

The book sells well.
这种书很畅销。

B

have been told

washes

D

have been told

is washed


These clothes wash well.
这些衣服很耐洗。

4)
用在

主语
+
不及物动词
+
主语补语

句型中的一些不及物动词
,

例如
:This material has worn thin.
这料子已磨薄了。


The dust has blown into the house.
灰尘被风吹进了房子。


This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.

The

pen

my

father

gave

me

as

a

birthday

gift

writes

smoothly.

Written in simple English, this article reads easily.


5)
某些不及物动词,如
happen, occur, cost
以及短语,如
come out
(出版)
, come up
(出现)
, come into being
(产生)

come to one’s mind
(想起)
, turn out
(证明是)
,
come about
(发生)
, break out
(爆发)
, belong to
(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以
它们常用主动形式。

The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the
18th century.

Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you.


16

His sister left home in 1998, and_________________ since.

A

had not been heard of
C

had not heard of
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态:句意:他的 妹妹在
1998
年离家,至今杳无音讯


And
前用过 去式
表示她
1998
年离家这一事实,而
and
后用
has not been heard of
表示从
1998
到现在这一段
时间的状 态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,而且
his sister

hear of
是被动关系,选
B


考点:考查时态

B

has not been heard of

D

has not heard of


17

Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A

were told to
C

are told to
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你 才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保 留动词不定式的符号
to

分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。

【点睛】

to
代替不定式

在一定 的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
t o

to
代替不定式,常同
refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
B

are told

D

were told


prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try

tell
等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,

have been
,一般要保留
be, have

have been


本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。


18

This is one of the best films _______.

A

that have been shown this year
C

that has been shown this year
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】
< br>考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词

the one
,有最高级
the best
修饰,关系代词应该用
th at
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故
C
项正确。

B

that have shown

D

that you talked


19

Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.

A

will be repaid
C

has been repaid
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题解析:考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语
later in life
意为在以后的生活
中,可以判断为将来时态,此处要注意的是不要被前文的
now
混淆 ,
that you do now
在句
中充当
the hard work
的定语成分,与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意:不要担
心,你现在付出的努力在以后 一定会有所回报。故选
A


考点:考查时态辨析。

B

was being repaid

D

was repaid


20

As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by
2025.

A

will have been put B

will have put
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆 共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成 被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A


C

have been put D

will be putting


21

With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ___in the past few years.

A

discovered
C

had been discovered
B

have discovered

D

have been discovered


【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:因为有高科技的帮助,在最近几年中,越来越多的新物质已经被发
现了。 根据时间状语
in the past few years,
说明使用现在完成时。根据句意 新物质和发明之
间用被动形式。故
D
正确。


22

—Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?

—Yes, the posts about the virtual green frog ________ over 4 million times.

A

have read
C

would be read
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:
——
你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗?
——
是的,关于虚拟绿蛙的帖
子已经被阅读了
400
多万次。
The posts

read
是被动关系,用被动 语态,

已经被阅读过


用完成时态,故选
B


B

have been read

D

are reading


23

A number of foreigners______ to watch the 70
th
anniversary of the founding of the PRC on
Oct.1

A

Attracted
C

was attracted
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:
10

1
日 ,一些外国人被吸引来观看中华人民共和国成立
70
周年纪念活动。分析句子可知,
a ttract
是谓语动词,由时间状语
on Oct.1
可知,用一般过
去时 ,主语
foreigners

attract
是被动关系,故用一般过去时 的被动语态,且主语
foreigners
是复数,故选
D


B

have attracted

D

were attracted


24

We didn’t play football match________.

A

was canceled B

is canceled

C

has canceled D

had canceled

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态语态。句意:昨天我们没有踢足球,比赛取消了。根据句意可知,
match

c ancel
之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;由
yesterday
可知,这是发生 在过去的一件事
情,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选
A



25

We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.

A

are being made
C

have been made
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态辨析。句意:我们得等到所有的准备工作都做好了才能开始工作。
are being
是现在进行时的被动形式;
will be made
是一般将来时的被动形式;
have been made
是现在
完成时的被动形式,用于强调动作产生的影响;
had been made
是过去完成时的被动形


。本题是主将从现的用法。主句是将来时 时,从句用现在时或相当于现在的时态;现在
完成时强调过去对现在的影响或动作从过去一直持续到现在 。故选
C


【点睛】

通常说来
,
在 时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时,前面的主句中使用将来时。在高
中英语中也使用现在完成时 代替将来时,表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。主句是
We won’t start
,从句用一般现在时或者现在完成时,故选
C


B

will be made

D

had been made



26

I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He

around here for a long time.

A

won't be seen
C

hasn't been seen
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He

see
之间 是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D


B

wasn't seen

D

hadn't been seen


27

This company _____ roundly by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of
workers for no reason a decade ago.

A

condemned
【答案】
D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态 。句意:十年前,当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时,收到了工会和社
会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有 明显的时间状语
a decade ago
十年前,只能跟一般过去时
连用。结合句意 ,这家公司是被谴责,所以要用被动语态。故选
D
项。

【点睛】

B

has condemned C

has been condemned D

was condemned


解 时态题,可以结合句中的时间状语,选择相应的时态。至于语态,则根据句意来判断。
比如该题有明显的 时间状语
a decade ago
,这是典型的用一般过去时的标志,结合句意,
这 家公司是被谴责,所以必须要用被动语态,所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。


28

Time magazine has chosen “The Guardians”

a group of journalists who____ for their work,
as Person of the Year, for taking great risks in pursuit of greater truths.

A

will target
C

will be targeted
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意:《时代》周刊将

守护者
”——
一群因自己的工作而成为受攻击目标的记
者评为年度人物,因为 冒巨大的风险追求更伟大的真理。根据句意可知,记者被攻击,且
已发生,有对现在的影响,所以用现在 完成时。故选
D


B

have targeted

D

have been targeted


29

This project ______ considered thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on time.

A

must be; may be
C

may be; must be
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这个项目应该被全面地考虑,并且我确定可以准时完成这 个项目。
should be
表示

应该

这个项目要求考虑的全面,
can be
表示

能够

有能力完成这个项目,
所以选
B


考点:考查情态动词

B

should be; can be

D

can be; should be


30

Due to the country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s migrant population _______ to be
over 200 million by 2020.

A

predicts B

is predicted C

will have been predicted D

will be predicted

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不断提高,到
2020
年 ,中国
的流动人口预计将超过
2
亿。结合句意可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子 主语是
population
,单数第三人称形式,故答案为
B
。该题容易误 选
D
项,是现在预计,而不是将
来预计,故用现在时态。

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