2020年中考英语总动员考点10被动语态试题含解析

中考 2020
考点10 被动语态

一、教材重点回顾：
1、被动语态的含义
英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即: 主动语态和被动语态。 所谓“被动语态”，相当
于中文中常说的“被”“由”的句式，其主语是动作的承受者。
如:“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。”
2、被动语态的结构
那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢?请看下面的例句(注意划线部分):
This is called “the greenhouse effect.”
They are called renewable sources.
通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是:
be+及物动词的过去分词+（by+动作执行者）
3、被动语态的运用：下面几种情况一般要用被动语态
(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。
例如: Paper
is made
from wood.






纸是由木材生产出来的。
他在战斗在受伤了。
电是用来开动机器的。
He
was wounded
in the fight.
Electricity
is used
to run machines.
(2) 不需要强调动作的对象时。例如:
Calculator
can’t be used
in the maths exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。
Books in the reading room
mustn' t be taken
away.
(3) 句子的主语是物。
Spanish
is spoken
as the official language there.
语言来说。

阅览室的书籍不准带走。
在那里西班牙语被当作官方
4、各种时态的被动语态：最主要是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化:
1）、一般现在时的被动语态。 amisare +动词的过去分词
One
is known
as the one-child policy.



其中一项被称为独生子女政策
海浪用来发电。 Sea waves
are used
for producing electricity.

中考 2020
2）、一般过去式的被动语态: was were +动词的过去分词
Big family
were crowded
into small houses.

大家庭被挤一间小房子里。
电动汽车是20世纪90年代被发Electric vehicles
were developed
in the 1990s.
展了。
3）、现在进行时的被动语态: am is are + being+动词的过去分词
A new factory
is being built
in our city now.
在被兴建。
Some trees
are being cut
down in the park. 一些公园里的树木正在被砍伐。
现在我们市里一家新工厂正
4）、过去进行时的被动语态: waswere+ being+动词的过去分词
A new factory
was being built
in our city at that time. 那时候在我们市里一家新工厂正
在被兴建。
Some babies
were being looked
after by Miss Chen last year. 去年，一些宝宝正在被陈小
姐照看着。
5）、一般将来时的被动语态:
(A) willshall + be +动词的过去分词
(B) am is are + going to be +动词的过去分词.
Some new factories
will be built
in our city this year.
新工厂。
Your watch
is going to be mended
in an hour.
好。
6）、过去将来时的被动语态:
(1).would should + be+动词的过去分词
(2).was wee +going to be +动词的过去分词.
She said that some new factories
would be built
in our city.
她说在我们市里将要兴建一些新工厂。
He thought that your watch
was going to be mended
after an hour.
他认为你的手表将在一个小时内被修好。
7）、现在完成时的被动语态have has + been+动词的过去分词
Their materials
have been changed
so that it feels more comfortable.

你的手表将在一小时内（被）修
今年我们市里将要兴建一些

中考 2020
它们的材料已经被更换了，为了它摸起来更舒服。
8）、过去完成时的被动语态had + been+动词的过去分词
He said that some new factories
had been built
in the city. 他说在市里一些新工厂已经
被兴建了。
9）、含情态动词的被动式: canmaymust + be + done
A lot of water can be saved by forests.

主动语态变被动语态：
1.从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”作为句子的主语，来表示是“被完成”的。
例1.
主动语态: 人们说英语。 People speak English in many countries.
被动语态: 英语被说。
例2.
主动语态: 我们造这座桥。We built this bridge last year.
被动语态: 这座桥被建造。This bridge
was built
last year.
2、从语法角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。
例1.
主动语态: 小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.
English
is spoken
in many countries.
大量的水可以被森林储存下来。
被动语态: 你(宾语)被邀请。 You
has been invited
to a lunch party by XiaoWang.
例2.
主动语态: 你不准带走杂志(宾语)
You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.
被动语态: 杂志(宾语)不准被带走
These magazines
must not be taken
out of the reading-room.
例3. (可接双宾语的动词如：give, send, show, buy等变被动语态可有二种变化形式）。
主动语态: 他们授给他(宾语)枚奖章(宾语).
They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.
被动语态: 他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章.
He
was given
a medal for his wonderful work.

中考 2020
被动语态: 一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.
A medal
was given
to him for his wonderful work.

二、中考考点梳理
1、被动语态的结构：be +及物动词的过去分词(p. p)
被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持致其具体变化为:
一般现在时: amis are+p. p.
一般过去时: was were+p. p.
一般将来时: shall will be +p. p.
现在完成时: have has been +p. p.
过去完成时: had been +p. p.
现在进行时: amis are +being+p. p.
过去进行时: waswere +being+p. p.
过去将来时: should would be +p. p.
含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+p. p.
2、初中教材中常用被动语态的表达有：
1. be covered with
2. be made of
be made from
be made in
be made by










被覆盖
由制作(发生物理变化)
由制作(发生化学变化)





由(某地)制造
被(某人)制造
被用来
被当作(作为)来使用



被用来做某事
据说
希望
众所周知
据报道……
尚未决定

3. be used for
be used as
be used to do sth.
4. It is said that...
It is hoped that...
It is well known that...
It’s reported that…
It’s not decided that…

中考 2020
It’s believed that…
It’s announced that…
3. 主动语态表被动的情况


据认为……
据宣布……

(1) open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时，它
们的主语为物，
可用主动语态表被动意义。如:
This kind of pen
writes
very smoothly. 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
(2) look, sound, taste, smell, fell 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如:
Light music
sounds
soft. 轻音乐听起来很柔和。
(3)be worth doing用主动形式表被动意义。如:
This book
is worth reading
. 这本书值得一读。
(4) want need require + doing相当于want needrequire+to be done。to be done为不定式的
被动结构。
My bike
needs repairing
. = My bike
needs to be repaired
.
理。

4.被动语态的几种特殊形式
1). 一感(fee1) 二听(1isten, hear) 三让(make, 1et, have) 四看(look, see,watch, notice)
以上动词做谓语动词时，在 主动语态中与省略to的不定时连用，而在被动语态中要与带to的不定
时连用，即:主动语态to省略 ，被动语态to回来。
I often see him help the old.

我经常看到他帮助老人。
他经常被我看到帮助老人。
我的自行车需要被修
He
is
often
seen to
help the old by me.
2).双宾语变被动语态时，直接或间接宾语均可转化为主语，但直接宾语变主语时，间接宾语前常加上
介词or或to。
Jack bought a gift for me. 杰克为我买了一份礼物。
A gift
was bought for
by Jack. 或I
was bought
a gift by Jack.
3).一些动词短语用于被动语态时，要是为一个整体，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We must finish the work carefully. 我们必须认真完成这项工作。
这项工作必须由我们认真完成。 The work must
be finished
carefully by us.

中考 2020
4).带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只变宾语为被动句主语，宾语补足语不变。
I asked her to go with me.
She
was asked
to go with me.

5.不能用被动语态的情况
1).谓语动词为不及物动词或不及物动词短语时，不用被动语态。如: happen, take place, take off
等。
2).有些及物动词或短语也无被动语态。如: cost, leave, enter, reach, have, wish, belong to, mind
等。
3).宾语为反身代词、相互代词、不定式、现在分词等时，不能变为被动语态。
4).系动词无被动语态。如: be, become, feel, get, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn等。






我叫她跟我一起去。
她被我叫着一起去。

一、典例分类
1.（2019重庆A卷）His car ______ five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A. buys bought bought
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子有个明显的一般过去时标志词ago, 故确定用一般过去时。根据
题意，他的小车是被他买的。所以用被动语态。故答案是 was bought D。
2.（2019四川自贡）----Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him?
---No problem! I think he to think twice before starting.
A. should be told B. shouldn’t be told C. should tell
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。根据题意应该是Tom他应该被告诉开始行动前要三思。所以得是shoul d
be told，答案是A。
3.（2019山东临沂） Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _______each year, of which about
10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates
【答案】A
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。该句中3亿吨塑 料每年被制造出来了，主语是塑料，所以还得是用

中考 2020
被动语态。故答案选A。
4.（2019四川达州）---Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics ______ , Cindy?
---In Beijing, the capital of China, the first city to host both Summer and Winter
Olympics.
taken place place part taken part
【答案】B
【解析】考查不用被动语态的特殊情况。当谓语动词 为不及物动词或不及物动词短语时，不用被动语态。
如: happen, take place, take off 等。所以答案选B。
5.（2019四川达州）---Dr. Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s, he is a great international
soldier.
----I know, so he _____ still _____ in both China and Canada now.
A. has; remembered remembered ; remember remembering
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。意思是白求恩现在还被中国和加拿大人们所纪念。故答案用B。
6.（2019江西）Gina went to the doctor’s yesterday and she ____ about the importance of good living
habits once more.
told told told
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语 态。Gina是昨天去看医生时被医生告知好的生活习惯的重要性。所以答
案是C。
7.（2019重庆B卷）These machines _____ in their factory by themselves last year.
made made
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据题意：这些机器去年是在他们工厂里被制造的。be made in+地
点，表示在哪里被制造。故答案选D。
8.（2019江苏连云港）It's reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo __________ from
100% recycled material.
A. are making B. have made C. is made D. will be made
【答案】D

中考 2020
【解析】考查一般将来 时的被动语态。句子中的时间标志词是2020年，是一般将来时。而奖牌是被制作的。
所以得用一般将 来时的被动语态，will be made，故用答案D。另：be made from 用……做的（看不出原
料）。
9.（2019安徽）The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season
comes.
A. is completed B. was completed C. will be completed D. has been completed
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意是 村民们希望在雨季之前修好桥，是一般将来时。所以用一般
将来时的被动语态。故答案用C。
10.（2019四川南充） ---Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class?
---Paper __________fast __________about 2,000 years ago in China.
A. is; invented
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子有明显的一般过去时标志词2,000 years ago, 故确定用一般过
去时。纸张是被发明出来的，所以用被动语态。故答案为B。
11.（2019天津）The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it.
A. is completed B. is completing C. was completed D. completes
【答案】C
【解析】考查一 般过去时的被动语态。句子中的时间标志词是2018年，是一般过去时。而港珠澳大桥是被
修建的。所 以得用一般过去时的被动语态，故用答案C。
12.（2019江苏南京）The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to
people in disasters around the world since it 18 years ago.
A. set up set up C. was set up D. will be set up
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子中的时间标志词是18 years ago，是一般过去时 。中国国际救
援队是18年前被创建的，所以得用一般过去时的被动语态，故用答案C。

二、易混易错点拨
B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing

中考 2020
1.（2019江苏扬州）The 2021 International Horticultural Expo _____ in Yangzhou.
A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】 考查一般将来时的被动语态。2021年是一般将来时，园艺博览会将在2021年被举办。所以用一般
将来时的被动语态。很多人会用习惯性思维直接选B. will hold，这是思虑不周全的结果。所以答案选 D。
2.（2019四川成都）Unluckily, Notre Dame de Pairs（巴黎圣母院）______ this April. We felt so sad
for that.
burnt burnt been burnt
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。巴黎圣母院今 年四月被烧了，明显是一般过去时的被动语态，故答
案选D。有些人会觉得this April是一般现在时，从而错误地选了B。
3.（2019江苏盐城）In Chinese culture , children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart.
be said said
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般现在时的被 动语态。题意为在中国的文化里，猴年出生的孩子被说是聪明的。用被动语
态的情况是显而易见的。故答 案用D。
4.（2019甘肃敦煌）. A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China
and_____with a special party.
A. celebrates B .is celebrated
C. was celebrated celebrate
【答案】B < br>【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。首先宝宝的满月生日是被庆祝的。而and前后的be动词形式要一 致，
前面是is a special event，所以后面也用is celebrated。所以答案选B。
5.（2019广东）It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ____ in Guangdong in the future.
be built B. build
【答案】A
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子有明确的将来时in the future, 大学又是被举办的，所以用
will be built。有些人在粗心地选答案 build。
6.（2019湖北襄阳)---- I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.
----You know they _ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
C. will build D. is built

中考 2020
A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题中的这些街道每天早上是 被辛勤的清洁工们清扫干净了的。句中
有明显的被动语态的标志词by, 所以用are cleaned。故答案选 B。
7.（2019湖北孝感）----I'm tired of cleaning the house.
---Sweeping robots—more and more widely______ today. Why not buy one?
A. are used B. were used
【答案】A
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题中的意思是说，扫地机器人现在越来越 广泛地被使用了，所以是
用are used。但是有很多人看到today就会选用现在进行时are using，属于理解有误。
8.（2019湖北黄冈）----Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
----Sorry, Mum. It ______yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned
【答案】D
【解析 】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意是我的房间昨天没有被打扫，有yesterday这样的过去时标志
词，所以只能选择wasn’t cleaned。
9.（2019湖南益阳） A lot of trees ________ every spring in Yiyang city.
A. plant
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。由every spring可知本句要用一般现在时，大量的树被种植。故答
案选C. are planted.
10.（2019河北）These cakes_______ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题目的意思是这些蛋糕里被塞了巧克力，所以选 C. are filled。
此题要注意不要选 filled了，有的人说这些蛋糕里被塞了巧克力是已经完成了这 个动作，要用一
般过去时。其实不然，这里只是说明这些蛋糕现在这时的状态，仅仅是说明它们现在的形 态，与动作无关。
B. is planted C. are planted
C. are using D. used

1.（2019湖南长沙）---- Perfect photos! Good skills!

中考 2020
---- Thank you. They ______ by my
Huawei
mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all.
A．took B．were taken C．will be taken
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。此题虽然没有明确的表示一般过去时的标志词，但是经过理解可得
知，这些照片是已经被拍了的，所以用were taken. 答案选 B。
2.（2019湖北咸宁）----The passenger refused to move after taking another one’s seat!
----What a shame! He according to the newly credit system(诚信体系).
A. punish B. punished C. will punish D. will be punished
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。意思是他将会受到新出的诚信体系的惩罚的。所以用will be
punished.
3.（2019四川眉山）Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.
A. is; inventing
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。two thousand years ago就表明了此句是用一般过去时，纸张被发
明的，故用 was invented. 答案为D。
4.（2019福建）As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball ______ in the Olympic Games in 1954.
ed included included
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。排球在1954年被纳入奥运会的项目 的了，典型的一般过去时的被动
语态，故答案选C。
5.（2019北京）My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.
A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。last Monday.上周一是过去时，全句意思我的建议被全班所接受了。
故选 was accepted。
6.（湖北黄石）In February, Chinese tech company Huawei____Mate X，a foldable（可折叠的）5G mobile
phone.
A. is introducing uced uces introduced
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时。此题华为公司在今年二月份是主动地发布了Mate X这款可折叠5G手机，故用
B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented

中考 2020
一般过去时的主动语态就可以了。
7.（2019湖北宜昌）---It’s reported that 31 of the brave young men _____ in a big fire in Sichuan.
---I don’t know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. were killing killed killed
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。首先这个宾语从句是在It’s reported that的 主句中，主句用了
一般过去时，从句也得用一般过去时。然后这31名消防员是被大火所杀死的，所以得 用were killed。
8.（2019湖南株洲）The students in this school ______ to choose their own school uniforms.
allowed d allowing
【答案】A
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意是学生被允许选择自己的校服。are allowed被允许。
9.（2019湖南邵阳）---Waiter! I’d like some Shaoyang rice noodles.

A.
----Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ______ only in the morning.
serve serve served
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题中意思是说米粉只是在早上被提供。
10.（2019湖南湘西）---Who’s the little boy in the photo ?

A.
---It’s me. The photo _____ when I was six years old.
takes taken
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句中的when I was six years old是状语从句，用的是一般过去时，
所以前面也是用一般过去时表示 动作在过去已经完成了。照片是被（人）拍的，所以用was taken.
11.（2019河南）----Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again?
----No, it almost ，and then my computer just died on me!
A.不填；finishes B.不填；finished finished finished
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动 语态。题是是说它几乎就要被我完成了，电脑就死机了。由后面的句子died
确定整句的时态用一般过 去时。
12.（2019吉林）The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees every year.
d planted
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。由every year确定用一般现在时。大量的树被种植了，所以用are

中考 2020
planted。答案为C。