英语翻译在线翻译句子-安德鲁斯
被动语态基础练习试题和答案解析
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
—Do you like the mobile game
Traveling Frog?
—Yes, the posts about the
virtual green frog ________ over 4 million
times.
A
.
have read
C
.
would be read
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:
——
你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗?
——
是的,关于虚拟绿蛙的帖
子已经被阅读了
400
多万次。
The posts
和
read
是被动关系,用被动
语态,
“
已经被阅读过
了
”
用完成时态,故选
B
。
B
.
have been read
D
.
are reading
2
.
Quantities of soil ________ in the
area, resulting in the increasing number of
natural disasters.
A
.
is washed
away B
.
have washed away
C
.
have washed away D
.
have
been washed away
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时
态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil
和
wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选
D
。
3
.
When I got to his house, I found
that the walls _____ .
A
.
are being
painted B
.
are painting
C
.
were being painted D
.
were
painting
【答案】
C
【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动
语态。句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉
刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故
选
C
。
4
.
It’s reported
that China will not buy the Euro debt until some
thorough research .
A
.
has
been done
C
.
will be done
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态及语态。句意
:据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后,中国
才会买进欧盟债务,含有
not ..u
ntil
的状语从句,主句一般将来,从句表示已经做过研究之
后,所以用完成时表示,研究与
做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,
A
正确。
考点:考查时态及语态
B
.
will have been
done
D
.
had been done
5
.-
Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in
the office just now?
-
Yes, he
________, and he looked a little bit nervous.
A
.
had interviewed B
.
was
interviewed
C
.
was being
interviewed D
.
is being interviewing
【答案】
C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:
——
迈克,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办公室吗
?——
是的<
br>,
他
正在接受采访
,
他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过
去进行时,句中
he
和动
词
interview
是被动关系,所以此
处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C
。
6
.
In
no time______ by a string of measures backing
Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and
opening-
up.
A
.
the landmark decision was
followed
B
.
was the landmark
decision followed
C
.
did the
landmark decision follow
;
D
.
the landmark decision had been
followed;
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深
化改革和扩大
开放。
In no time
(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序
,不用部分倒装。另外,该句
陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选
A
。
【点睛】
关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be
动词,情态动词或助动
词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否
定性副词或者赋词短语,
比如
seldom
,
hardly
,
at no time, in no case, on no
occasion
等位于句首时,比如,
Hardly
does he get
late.
第二,
only
修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如
only
in this way can we
succeed.
而本题中
in no
time (
立刻,马上
)
,不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。
7
.
— Can we play basketball in the
school gym?
— No, it ______ during the
summer holidays.
A
.
is repaired
B
.
is being repaired
C
.
was
repaired D
.
has been repaired
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态语态。句意:
--
我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?
--
不行,暑假期间
操场正在被修
葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语
it
和动词之间是被
动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选
B
。
8
.
The way the guests ___ in the hotel
influenced their evaluation of the service.
A
.
treated
B
.
were treated
C
.
would
treat
D
.
would be treated
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the
guests ___ in the
hotel
是定语从句
U
,修饰
The
way
,
treat
是从句的谓语动词,
The guests
与
treat
之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选
B
。
9
.
The old man was
weak after the accident; so he ______ carefully by
us.
A
.
must be take care of
B
.
must take care of
C
.
must
look after D
.
must be looked after
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
含情态动词的被动语态。句意:事故发生后,老人很虚弱;所以他必须由我们仔细照
顾。固定词组:take care of looked after“
照顾
”
;句子主语he
和谓语动词之间是被动关
系,所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态,
“
情态动词
+be +
过去分词
”
。故选
D
。
10
.
Please don’t stand up in class
until you ______.
A
.
were told to
C
.
are told to
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你
才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保
留动词不定式的符号
to
。
分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。
【点睛】
to
代替不定式
在一定
的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
t
o
。
to
代替不定式,常同
refuse, want, seem,
intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer,
care, oblige, forget, wish,
try
,
tell
等动词连用。
注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,
或
have
been
,一般要保留
be, have
或
have
been
。
本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up
in class until you are told to stand
up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class
until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。
B
.
are told
D
.
were
told
11
.
This is one of
the best films _______.
A
.
that
have been shown this year
C
.
that has
been shown this year
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的
最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词
为
the
one
,有最高级
the best
修饰,关系代词应该用
that
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故
C
项
正确。
B
.
that have shown
D
.
that you talked
12
.
More efforts, as reported, _____ in
the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side
structural
reform.
A
.
are made
C
.
are being made
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:据报道,未来几年将
会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。
本句的时间状语
in the years ahe
ad
"在将来的几年"和一般将来时连用,且
efforts
与动词
make
构成被动关系,所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式,故
B
项<
br>正确。
B
.
will be made
D
.
have been made
13
.
A lot of small towns in the area
are definitely worth ________.
A
.
to be visited
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
主动形式表达被动意义。句意:这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth
doing
sth“
值得做某事
”
,主动形式表达被动意义。故选
C
项。
B
.
being visited
C
.
visiting D
.
to visit
14
.
Now the world’s attention ________
the stocking markets, as they have great influence
on
the world’s economy.
A
.
is
fixing on B
.
is being fixed on
C
.
has fixed on D
.
had been
fixed on
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现
在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经
济已经产生了很大的影响。
atten
tion
与
focus
之间为被动关系,
Now
提示用现在进行时。
15
.
As is estimated,
more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into
operation nationwide by
2025.
A
.
will have been put B
.
will
have put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,
全国将有
2000
多万辆共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可
知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A<
br>。
C
.
have been put
D
.
will be putting
16
.
People believe that the China Dream
is not very difficult ________ so long as the
whole
nation works hard for it.
A
.
realizing
C
.
realized
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be
difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式
习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to
understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient,
dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible,
interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant<
br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D
。
B
.
to be realized
D
.
to realize
17
.
After completing the training, I,
together with my classmates, ____ to the town that
was far
from the city.
A
.
were
sent
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
<
br>考查时态和主谓一致。句意:完成了训练,我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。
toge
ther with
(和)符合就远原则,故现在只看主语
I
,是单数;根据下文的<
br>was
判断为一
般过去时,
send
和主语
I
之间是
动宾关系,故用被动语态,即一般过去时的被动语态,主
语是单数,故用
was
sent
,故选
B
项。
【点睛】
本题考查就远
原则,即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原
则的词或短语有:
a
s well as;(togetheralongcombined) with; rather
than; except; besides; but;
including; in
addition to; apart from
;
instead
of
等
例如:
B
.
was
sent C
.
have been sent D
.
has been
sent
1. Nobody but two students
is in the
classroom.
除了这两个学生
,
没有人在教室。
2.
Everybody except you is down on
me.
除了你
,
大家都看不起我。
3. A woman
with two children has come.
一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。
4. John, rather than his roommates, is to
blame.
约翰
,
而不是他的室友
,
应该受到责备。
18
.
Shakespeare’s play Hamlet
into at least ten different films over the past
years.
A
.
had been made
C
.
has been made
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词的时态与语态。句意:在过去的几年
里,莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍
成了十部不同的电影。
over the past
years
表示的是从过去到现在的动作,所以句子用现在
完成时;
Shakespe
are’s play Hamlet
与谓语
make
为被动关系,因此选择现在完成
时被动语
态。故选
C
。
B
.
was
made
D
.
would be made
19
.
They are trying to make sure that
5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing
Winter
Olympics.
A
.
will
install
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在
2022
年北
京冬奥会之前安装
5G
终端。表示在
将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用
将来完成时;
“5G
终端
”
和
“
安装
”
之
间是
被动关系,用被动语态,故选
B
。
B
.
will have been installed
D
.
have been installed
C
.
are installed
20
.
In
the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy
roads to the outside, and concrete ones
________ yet.
A
.
haven’t built
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态及语态。句意:在
20
世纪
80
年代,这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往
外面,混
凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知,
“
混凝土的道路还没有建
”
表示的动作发生在
“there
were only muddy roads”<
br>这一过去的动作之前,属于
“
过去的过去
”
,应使用过去完成时;build
与
concrete
ones
是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故选
D
。
B
.
haven’t been built C
.
hadn’t
built D
.
hadn’t been built
21
.
The letters for the boss___________
on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days
later.
A
.
were put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【分析】
B
.
was put C
.
put D
.
has
put
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:
给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那
些信。
letter“
信件
”
和
put“
放
”
之间是被动的关系,所以排除C
和
D
,然后因为
letters
是复
数,谓语动词用
were put,
故选
A
。
22
.
New energy-sharing projects _____
in dozens of cities across the country to fuel
China’s
sharing economy in the next few
years.
A
.
are to carry out
C
.
were carried out
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正
在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目
正在城市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy-
sharing projects
与动词
carry
out
是
被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to
carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being
carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were
carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have
been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B
。
B
.
are being carried out
D
.
will have been carried out
23
.
I saw Jack in the lift this
morning. He
around here for a long
time.
A
.
won't be seen
C
.
hasn't been seen
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早
上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this
morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知
,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He
和
see
之间是一种被动关
系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D
。
B
.
wasn't
seen
D
.
hadn't been seen
24
.
—Why didn’t you attend the assembly
this morning?
—But I ________ anything
about that.
A
.
didn’t tell
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
haven’t told C
.
hadn’t been
told D
.
haven’t been told
考查时态和语态。句
意:
——
你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会?
——
没人告诉我。主语
I
和
tell
之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,又
“
没有告诉
”
的动作发生在今天早上之前,即过
去之过去,故用过去完成时的被动语态,即
ha
d been done
,故选
C
项。
25
.
Neither Mary nor her parents
________ of the exciting news, which surprises us
a lot.
A
.
has informed
C
.
has been informed
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致及语态。句意:玛丽和她的父母
都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,这让我们
很吃惊。根据句意可知,此处使用被动语态;
nei
ther…nor
(既不,也不)有就近原则,只
看离谓语动词最近的主语,这里
he
r parents
是复数,且是被告知,所以用
have been
informed
,故选
D
项。
【点睛】
本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常
见的就近原
则的词或者短语有:
not…but…, or, either…or…,
neither…nor…, not only…but also…,
there
be
句型,
whether…or…
,例如:
There is
an apple and two bananas.
这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。
Not only you but also your father likes
fishing.
不仅你,而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。
B
.
have
informed
D
.
have been informed
26
.
They realized that the problem
Ted put forward was difficult _______.
A
.
to solve
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语
be
difficult to do
sth.“
难以;很难
……”
后跟不定式
,且在此结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那
么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。
故用
to solve
形式。故选
A
。
B
.
solved C
.
to be solved
D
.
solving
27
.
The
Olympic Sports Center _______at present in the
city and is said to be open to the public
in
2019
A
.
is built B
.
has
built C
.
is being built
D
.
will be built
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:奥运会
体育中心现在正在被建。据说
2019
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at
present
意为
“
现在
”
,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports Center
与
build
该词被动关系,
所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。
28
.
The accident which left 15 people
on board dead ________ if both the angry female
passenger and the bus driver had kept
calm.
A
.
should have avoided
C
.
could have avoided
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查
“
情态动词
+
完成式
”
。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致
15人
死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。
could have
done“
本来能做而没有做
”
,且句子主语
The
accide
nt
和谓语动词
avoid
之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为
D
。
【点睛】
情态动词
+ have
done
结构:
1.“must + have +
过去分词
”
表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只
用于肯定句。如:
It
must have rained last night,for the ground is
wet.
2.“can could + have +
过去分词
”<
br>表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。
can
和
could
一般用于否定句和疑问句,
could
的语气较
can
弱。如:
He
can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may might + have +
过去分词
”
表示对已发生
的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,
might
的语气比
may
弱一点。
这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用
can
或
could
。如:<
br>They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have +
过去分词
”
表示过去做了不必做或不需
要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多
余。如:
I needn't have bought
so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should ought to + have +
过去分词
”
表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to
的语气比
should
强一些。如:
You
ought to should have studied harder.
你本应该更努力学习的
.
(但没有)
He oughtn't
to shouldn't have done that.
他本来就不该做那件事
.
(可是做了)
6.“would
+
have
+
过去分词
”
表示对过去的某种
情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种
原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用
sho
uld
或
ought to
那样含有责备之意。
如:
I
guess the poet would have been about twenty when
she wrote her first poem.
Another worker
wouldn't have acted like that.
B
.
should be avoided
D
.
could have been avoided
29
.
— Why do you look very upset?
— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my
essay ________ unfinished since.
A
.
was left B
.
has left
C
.
had been left
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
D
.
has been left
考查时态语态。句意:
——
你为什么看起来很沮丧?
——
突然停电了,那时我的文章就没
写完。句中
leave
与主语
essay
构成动宾关系,要用被动形式;句中时间状语
since
表示从
那时起到现在文章一直没写完,是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选<
br>D
。
30
.
It was announced
that only when the fire was under control
__________to return to their
homes.
A
.
the residents would be permitted
B
.
had the residents been permitted
C
.
would the residents be permitted
D
.
the residents had been permitted
【答案】
C
【解析】
句意:通报说,只有火势得到控制
了居民们才被允许回家。这里
It
是形式主语,真正的主
语是
that
引导的从句;
that
引导的主语从句中,"
only+
状语从句"位于句
首,状语从句对
应的主句要用倒装语序,且此处表示过去将来,故选
C
。