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被动语态基础练习试题和答案解析

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:22
tags:被动语态讲解

英语翻译在线翻译句子-安德鲁斯

2020年10月22日发(作者:蒲保明)


被动语态基础练习试题和答案解析

一、单项选择被动语态
1

—Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?

—Yes, the posts about the virtual green frog ________ over 4 million times.

A

have read
C

would be read
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:
——
你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗?
——
是的,关于虚拟绿蛙的帖
子已经被阅读了
400
多万次。
The posts

read
是被动关系,用被动 语态,

已经被阅读过


用完成时态,故选
B


B

have been read

D

are reading


2

Quantities of soil ________ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.

A

is washed away B

have washed away

C

have washed away D

have been washed away

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时 态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数
量增加。句中
soil

wash away
是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,
故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选
D



3

When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ .

A

are being painted B

are painting

C

were being painted D

were painting

【答案】
C

【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动 语态。句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉
刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故 选
C



4

It’s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research .

A

has been done
C

will be done
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态及语态。句意 :据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后,中国
才会买进欧盟债务,含有
not ..u ntil
的状语从句,主句一般将来,从句表示已经做过研究之
后,所以用完成时表示,研究与 做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,
A
正确。

考点:考查时态及语态

B

will have been done

D

had been done


5
.-
Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?



Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.

A

had interviewed B

was interviewed

C

was being interviewed D

is being interviewing

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词时态。句意:
——
迈克,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办公室吗
?——
是的< br>,

正在接受采访
,
他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过 去进行时,句中
he
和动

interview
是被动关系,所以此 处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C



6

In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and
opening- up.

A

the landmark decision was followed

B

was the landmark decision followed

C

did the landmark decision follow


D

the landmark decision had been followed;

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深 化改革和扩大
开放。
In no time
(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序 ,不用部分倒装。另外,该句
陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选
A

【点睛】

关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be
动词,情态动词或助动
词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否 定性副词或者赋词短语,
比如
seldom

hardly

at no time, in no case, on no occasion
等位于句首时,比如,
Hardly
does he get late.
第二,
only
修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如
only in this way can we
succeed.
而本题中
in no time (
立刻,马上
)
,不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。


7

— Can we play basketball in the school gym?

— No, it ______ during the summer holidays.

A

is repaired B

is being repaired

C

was repaired D

has been repaired

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态语态。句意:
--
我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?
--
不行,暑假期间 操场正在被修
葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语
it
和动词之间是被
动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选
B



8

The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.


A

treated

B

were treated

C

would treat

D

would be treated

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the
guests ___ in the hotel
是定语从句
U
,修饰
The way

treat
是从句的谓语动词,
The guests

treat
之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选
B



9

The old man was weak after the accident; so he ______ carefully by us.

A

must be take care of B

must take care of

C

must look after D

must be looked after

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 含情态动词的被动语态。句意:事故发生后,老人很虚弱;所以他必须由我们仔细照
顾。固定词组:take care of looked after“
照顾

;句子主语he
和谓语动词之间是被动关
系,所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态,

情态动词
+be +
过去分词

。故选
D



10

Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A

were told to
C

are told to
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你 才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保 留动词不定式的符号
to

分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。

【点睛】

to
代替不定式

在一定 的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
t o

to
代替不定式,常同
refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try

tell
等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,

have been
,一般要保留
be, have

have been


本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。

B

are told

D

were told


11

This is one of the best films _______.

A

that have been shown this year
C

that has been shown this year
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的 最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词

the one
,有最高级
the best
修饰,关系代词应该用
that
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故
C
项 正确。

B

that have shown

D

that you talked


12

More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural
reform.

A

are made
C

are being made
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:据报道,未来几年将 会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。
本句的时间状语
in the years ahe ad
"在将来的几年"和一般将来时连用,且
efforts
与动词
make
构成被动关系,所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式,故
B
项< br>正确。

B

will be made

D

have been made



13

A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________.

A

to be visited
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

主动形式表达被动意义。句意:这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth doing
sth“
值得做某事

,主动形式表达被动意义。故选
C
项。

B

being visited C

visiting D

to visit


14

Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on
the world’s economy.

A

is fixing on B

is being fixed on

C

has fixed on D

had been fixed on

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现 在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经
济已经产生了很大的影响。
atten tion

focus
之间为被动关系,
Now
提示用现在进行时。


15

As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by
2025.

A

will have been put B

will have put
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止, 全国将有
2000
多万辆共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可 知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A< br>。

C

have been put D

will be putting


16

People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole
nation works hard for it.

A

realizing
C

realized
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式 习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant< br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D


B

to be realized

D

to realize


17

After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, ____ to the town that was far
from the city.

A

were sent
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】
< br>考查时态和主谓一致。句意:完成了训练,我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。
toge ther with
(和)符合就远原则,故现在只看主语
I
,是单数;根据下文的< br>was
判断为一
般过去时,
send
和主语
I
之间是 动宾关系,故用被动语态,即一般过去时的被动语态,主
语是单数,故用
was sent
,故选
B
项。

【点睛】

本题考查就远 原则,即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原
则的词或短语有:
a s well as;(togetheralongcombined) with; rather than; except; besides; but;
including; in addition to; apart from

instead of



例如:

B

was sent C

have been sent D

has been sent


1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.
除了这两个学生
,
没有人在教室。

2. Everybody except you is down on me.
除了你
,
大家都看不起我。

3. A woman with two children has come.
一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。

4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.
约翰
,
而不是他的室友
,
应该受到责备。


18

Shakespeare’s play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years.

A

had been made
C

has been made
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态与语态。句意:在过去的几年 里,莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍
成了十部不同的电影。
over the past years
表示的是从过去到现在的动作,所以句子用现在
完成时;
Shakespe are’s play Hamlet
与谓语
make
为被动关系,因此选择现在完成 时被动语
态。故选
C


B

was made

D

would be made


19

They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter
Olympics.

A

will install

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在
2022
年北 京冬奥会之前安装
5G
终端。表示在
将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用 将来完成时;
“5G
终端



安装

之 间是
被动关系,用被动语态,故选
B


B

will have been installed
D

have been installed

C

are installed

20

In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones
________ yet.

A

haven’t built
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态及语态。句意:在
20
世纪
80
年代,这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往 外面,混
凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知,

混凝土的道路还没有建

表示的动作发生在
“there
were only muddy roads”< br>这一过去的动作之前,属于

过去的过去

,应使用过去完成时;build

concrete ones
是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故选
D


B

haven’t been built C

hadn’t built D

hadn’t been built


21

The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days later.


A

were put
【答案】
A

【解析】

【分析】

B

was put C

put D

has put



【详解】


考查被动语态。句意: 给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那
些信。
letter“
信件


put“


之间是被动的关系,所以排除C

D
,然后因为
letters
是复
数,谓语动词用
were put,
故选
A



22

New energy-sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s
sharing economy in the next few years.

A

are to carry out
C

were carried out
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正 在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目 正在城市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy- sharing projects
与动词
carry out

被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B


B

are being carried out

D

will have been carried out


23

I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He

around here for a long time.

A

won't be seen
C

hasn't been seen
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早 上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知 ,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He

see
之间是一种被动关 系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D


B

wasn't seen

D

hadn't been seen


24

—Why didn’t you attend the assembly this morning?

—But I ________ anything about that.


A

didn’t tell
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

B

haven’t told C

hadn’t been told D

haven’t been told

考查时态和语态。句 意:
——
你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会?
——
没人告诉我。主语
I

tell
之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,又

没有告诉

的动作发生在今天早上之前,即过
去之过去,故用过去完成时的被动语态,即
ha d been done
,故选
C
项。


25

Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot.

A

has informed
C

has been informed
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致及语态。句意:玛丽和她的父母 都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,这让我们
很吃惊。根据句意可知,此处使用被动语态;
nei ther…nor
(既不,也不)有就近原则,只
看离谓语动词最近的主语,这里
he r parents
是复数,且是被告知,所以用
have been
informed
,故选
D
项。

【点睛】
本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常
见的就近原 则的词或者短语有:
not…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…,
there be
句型,
whether…or…
,例如:

There is an apple and two bananas.
这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。

Not only you but also your father likes fishing.
不仅你,而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。

B

have informed

D

have been informed


26

They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.

A

to solve
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语
be difficult to do
sth.“
难以;很难
……”
后跟不定式 ,且在此结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那
么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。 故用
to solve
形式。故选
A


B

solved C

to be solved D

solving


27

The Olympic Sports Center _______at present in the city and is said to be open to the public
in 2019

A

is built B

has built C

is being built D

will be built

【答案】
C

【解析】


【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:奥运会 体育中心现在正在被建。据说
2019
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at present
意为

现在

,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports Center

build
该词被动关系, 所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。


28

The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female
passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.

A

should have avoided
C

could have avoided
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查

情态动词
+
完成式

。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致
15
死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。
could have done“
本来能做而没有做

,且句子主语
The
accide nt
和谓语动词
avoid
之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为
D


【点睛】

情态动词
+ have done
结构:

1.“must + have +
过去分词

表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只
用于肯定句。如:
It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.

2.“can could + have +
过去分词
”< br>表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。
can

could
一般用于否定句和疑问句,
could
的语气较
can
弱。如:
He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may might + have +
过去分词

表示对已发生 的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,
might
的语气比
may
弱一点。 这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用
can

could
。如:< br>They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have +
过去分词

表示过去做了不必做或不需 要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多
余。如:
I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should ought to + have +
过去分词

表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to
的语气比
should
强一些。如:

You ought to should have studied harder.
你本应该更努力学习的
.
(但没有)

He oughtn't to shouldn't have done that.
他本来就不该做那件事
.
(可是做了)

6.“would

have


过去分词

表示对过去的某种 情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种
原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用
sho uld

ought to
那样含有责备之意。
如:

I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

B

should be avoided

D

could have been avoided


29

— Why do you look very upset?

— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished since.

A

was left B

has left


C

had been left
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

D

has been left

考查时态语态。句意:
——
你为什么看起来很沮丧?
——
突然停电了,那时我的文章就没
写完。句中
leave
与主语
essay
构成动宾关系,要用被动形式;句中时间状语
since
表示从
那时起到现在文章一直没写完,是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选< br>D



30

It was announced that only when the fire was under control __________to return to their
homes.

A

the residents would be permitted

B

had the residents been permitted

C

would the residents be permitted

D

the residents had been permitted

【答案】
C

【解析】

句意:通报说,只有火势得到控制 了居民们才被允许回家。这里
It
是形式主语,真正的主
语是
that
引导的从句;
that
引导的主语从句中,"
only+
状语从句"位于句 首,状语从句对
应的主句要用倒装语序,且此处表示过去将来,故选
C


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