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【英语】被动语态的归纳

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:25
tags:被动语态讲解

肿胀的读音-我喜欢你日语怎么写

2020年10月22日发(作者:朱彝)


【英语】被动语态的归纳

一、单项选择被动语态
1

To my ________

he was not a little ________ at the news that he had won the first prize in
the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well.

A

astonishment

astonishing

B

astonished

astonishing

C

astonishment

astonished

D

astonish

astonishment

【答案】
C

【解析】

考查
astonish< br>相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是
,
他对这个消息并不感到惊讶
.to one's
astonishment“
使某人感到惊讶的是


be astonished at sth.“
对某事感到惊讶

。故选
C.


2

It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.

A

is held
C

will be held
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,


)次
。一般来说,
This is the first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that

句使用 现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C


考点
:
考查句式用法

B

has been held

D

had been held


3

(
桂林部分学校高三质量检测
)The wet weather will continue tomorrow

when a cold
front________to arrive.

A

will be expected
C

expects
【答案】
D

【解析】

考查动词的时态和语态。句意为: 预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
续。
a cold front

expect
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,
expect
是发生在现在的动作, 要用一
般现在时,故选
D
项。

答案:
D

B

is expecting

D

is expected


4

—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.

— Oh

my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow.

A

was expected
C

expected
B

will expect

D

will be expected


【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:考查时 态和语态。句意:
——
经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。
——
哦,
天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回
来,而且经理是 被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选
A


【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据 本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时
间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。
考点:考查时态和语态


5

The new library ________; it will be open next year.

A

had been built B

was built

C

was being built D

is being built

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。根据后面一句可推知,
图书馆是正在 建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句要用现在
进行时的被动语态。故选D



6

If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.

A

is not polluted
C

had not been polluted
【答案】
B

【解析】


B
句意:如 果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在
事实相反的虚拟语气,用
would
加动词原形。

B

would not be polluted

D

would not have been polluted


7

Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.

A

will take B

will be taken C

have taken D

have been taken

【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍
照。根据语境 可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选
B



8

105

The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events
to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

A

will make B

will be made

C

has been made D

had made

【答案】
B

【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际 奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时


的被 动,故选
B



9

It’s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research .

A

has been done
C

will be done
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态及 语态。句意:据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后,中国
才会买进欧盟债务,含有
no t ..until
的状语从句,主句一般将来,从句表示已经做过研究之
后,所以用完成时表 示,研究与做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,
A
正确。

考点:考查时态及语态

B

will have been done

D

had been done


10

Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.

A

had made B

have made

C

were made D

have been made

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据
in the past decades
可知句子用现在完成时态,
efforts
是句子 主语,复数形式,和谓语动词
make
之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态, 故答案为
D



11

----Have you telephoned your father?

--- Yes, he back next week.

A

is expected
C

will expect
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:
--
你给你的父亲打电话了吗
?—
是的,他有望明年回来。这里
sb be
expected to do
现在现在盼望明年回来,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,这里
he
应指的是
父亲。根 据句意故选
A


考点:考查动词时态及语态的用法。

B

expects

D

will be expected


12

Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet
sauce.

A

was served B

will serve

C

is served D

served

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时 态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句
子说的是一般情况,要用一般现 在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动 词
serve
之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为


C



13

Due to the country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s migrant population _______ to be
over 200 million by 2020.

A

predicts B

is predicted C

will have been predicted D

will be predicted

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不 断提高,到
2020
年,中国
的流动人口预计将超过
2
亿。结合句意 可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子主语是
population
,单数第三人称形式,故 答案为
B
。该题容易误选
D
项,是现在预计,而不是将
来预计,故用 现在时态。


14

________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a
concrete situation.

A

Having explained
C

Though it was explained
【答案】
D

【解析】

因为有连词
but
,前面应是完整的句子,排除
A,B; Though
不能和
but
同时使用,所以选
D


B

Having been explained

D

It was explained


15

—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?

—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.

A

have thought B

are thought

C

had thought D

were thought

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态语态。句意:
——
你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗
?——
是的,在现场的35
名矿工
中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有
2
个人被认为 安全获救,用一般现在时的
被动语态,故选
B.


16

Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_____
before leaving their hometowns.

A

promised
C

have promised
【答案】
D

【解析】

句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳 ,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此
处农民工是

被许诺工作

,需用被动语态,故排除
A

C
两项;
B
项仅 表一般过去时的被
B

were promised

D

have been promised


动;
D
项表示

已经被许诺

,故选
D


17

Every means ______, but none proved ______.

A

have tried; a success B

have been tried; successfully

C

has tried; to be successful D

has been tried; successful

【答案】
D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。
means
是单复数同形的名词,单复数取决于修饰词,这句话
means

every
修饰,说明是单数,谓语用单数,而且
means

try
是被动关系,用< br>has been tried

第二空的
prove
是连系动词,后 面接形容词做表语。句意:每种办法都被尝试过了,但没
有一个证明是成功的。选
D



18

Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better
transport in the city.

A

are constructing B

are being constructed C

is constructing D

is being constructed

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,
以便有更便利的交通 。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语
Many subway stations
和动词
construct
是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选
B.
【点睛】

现在进行时的被动结构:
be + being+
过去分词

A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.
一批东风卡车正被运往国外。

1

“be being done”
中的动词
be
应随主语作相应的变化。

2
)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把
be doing
变为
be
being done.


1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now.

现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning
变为
is being cleaned)


2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.

那男孩正在数羊。
(is counting
变为
are being counted)


19

The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler

A

inspired B

prompted

C

rised D

insured

【答案】
A

【解析】


【详解】

考查过去分词。
A. inspired
鼓舞;
B. prompted
引起,提示;
C. rised
上升;
D. insured
确保。
句意:电影《辛德勒的名单》 的灵感来自一个真实的人,名叫奥斯卡
·
辛德勒。结合句意可
知此处用被动语态,故答 案为
A



20

My brother and I have __________her birthday party.

A

been invited
C

invited to
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态和固定搭配。句意:我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。
My brother and I

invite
之间是被动关系,
invite sb to s omewhere
表示

邀请某人去某地

,故
D
项正确。

B

been invited for

D

been invited to


21

A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________.

A

to be visited
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

主动形式表达被动意义。句意:这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth doing
sth“
值得做某事

,主动形式表达被动意义。故选
C
项。

B

being visited C

visiting D

to visit


22

As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by
2025.

A

will have been put B

will have put
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆 共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成 被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A


C

have been put D

will be putting


23

Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the current
global financial crisis.

A

had been affected
C

should be affected
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

B

were affected

D

is affected


考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处 表示一种客观事实,且
the economy

affect
之间是一种被 动关系,所以
that

导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为D



24

We didn’t play football match________.

A

was canceled B

is canceled

C

has canceled D

had canceled

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:昨天我们没有踢足球,比赛取消了。根据句意可知,
match

cancel
之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;由
y esterday
可知,这是发生在过去的一件事
情,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选
A



25

We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.

A

are being made
C

have been made
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态辨析。句意:我们得等到所有的准备工作都做好了才能开始工作。
are being
是现在进行时的被动形式;
will be made
是一般将来时的被动形式;
have been made
是现在
完成时的被动形式,用于强调动作产生的影响;
had been made
是过去完成时的被动形


。本题是主将从现的用法。主句是将来时 时,从句用现在时或相当于现在的时态;现在
完成时强调过去对现在的影响或动作从过去一直持续到现在 。故选
C


【点睛】

通常说来
,
在 时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时,前面的主句中使用将来时。在高
中英语中也使用现在完成时 代替将来时,表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。主句是
We won’t start
,从句用一般现在时或者现在完成时,故选
C


B

will be made

D

had been made



26

I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_____the cloth_____well.

A

have told;washed
C

have been told;washed
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态及语态句意:我想买这种布,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。





告诉

是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,所以需用完 成时态的被动语态;一
B

have been told;washes

D

was told;washes


些动词wash

lock

sell

wear

read

open

shut

clean等,如果主语如果是物,且表示
主语的特性或品质时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
the cloth washes well
是指

这种布料很
好洗
就是说明这种布料的特征的,应使用一般现在时。故选
B



27

As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _____ into
operation.

A

will be put
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:据我们所知,距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。
all the metro lines

put...into operation
是被 动关系,应使用被动语态;在时间状语从句
中,主句是一般将来时,遵循

主将从现< br>”
的原则,所以从句用一般现在时。故选
B


B

are put C

will have been put D

are being put


28

This company _____ roundly by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of
workers for no reason a decade ago.

A

condemned
【答案】
D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态 。句意:十年前,当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时,收到了工会和社
会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有 明显的时间状语
a decade ago
十年前,只能跟一般过去时
连用。结合句意 ,这家公司是被谴责,所以要用被动语态。故选
D
项。

【点睛】

解时态题,可以结合句中的时间状语,选择相应的时态。至于语态,则根据句意来判断。
比如该 题有明显的时间状语
a decade ago
,这是典型的用一般过去时的标志,结合句意,
这家公司是被谴责,所以必须要用被动语态,所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。

B

has condemned C

has been condemned D

was condemned


29

Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.

A

is used
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可 能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍
然不明朗。
means
当名词解释为

方法

,单复数同型,且
every+
主语,谓语动词用单数;means
与动词
use
之间是被动关系,根据语境

所有的方 法都用了

,应该用现在完成时的
被动语态。故选
D


【点睛】

B

are used C

have used D

has been used


“eache very+
单数名词
+and+
单数名词

等结构作主语


“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单数名词


“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+ eachevery+单数名


结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:

Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty.
每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶
话会。

The boy and the girl each have their own toys.
这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。


30

In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and
opening- up.

A

the landmark decision was followed

B

was the landmark decision followed

C

did the landmark decision follow


D

the landmark decision had been followed;

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深 化改革和扩大
开放。
In no time
(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序 ,不用部分倒装。另外,该句
陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选
A

【点睛】

关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be
动词,情态动词或助动
词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否 定性副词或者赋词短语,
比如
seldom

hardly

at no time, in no case, on no occasion
等位于句首时,比如,
Hardly
does he get late.
第二,
only
修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如
only in this way can we
succeed.
而本题中
in no time (
立刻,马上
)
,不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。

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