肿胀的读音-我喜欢你日语怎么写
【英语】被动语态的归纳
一、单项选择被动语态
1
.
To my ________
,
he was not a
little ________ at the news that he had won the
first prize in
the English speech contest, for
he thought that he didn't perform so well.
A
.
astonishment
;
astonishing
B
.
astonished
;
astonishing
C
.
astonishment
;
astonished
D
.
astonish
;
astonishment
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查
astonish<
br>相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是
,
他对这个消息并不感到惊讶
.to
one's
astonishment“
使某人感到惊讶的是
”
;
be
astonished at
sth.“
对某事感到惊讶
”
。故选
C.
2
.
It is the third time so far that
such a festival ________ in my hometown.
A
.
is held
C
.
will be held
【答案】
B
【解析】
试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second,
third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,
三
…
)次…
。一般来说,
This is the first (second,
third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that
从
句使用
现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C
。
考点
:
考查句式用法
B
.
has been held
D
.
had been held
3
.
(
桂林部分学校高三质量检测
)The wet
weather will continue tomorrow
,
when a cold
front________to arrive.
A
.
will
be expected
C
.
expects
【答案】
D
【解析】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意为:
预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
续。
a cold front
与
expect
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,
expect
是发生在现在的动作,
要用一
般现在时,故选
D
项。
答案:
D
B
.
is expecting
D
.
is
expected
4
.
—The manager has
come back from his business trip. He is asking you
for the report.
— Oh
,
my god ! I
haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at
the company tomorrow.
A
.
was
expected
C
.
expected
B
.
will
expect
D
.
will be expected
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:考查时
态和语态。句意:
——
经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。
——
哦,
天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回
来,而且经理是
被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选
A
。
【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据
本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时
间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。
考点:考查时态和语态
5
.
The new
library ________; it will be open next year.
A
.
had been built B
.
was
built
C
.
was being built
D
.
is being built
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。根据后面一句可推知,
图书馆是正在
建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句要用现在
进行时的被动语态。故选D
。
6
.
If we had taken
such effective measures much earlier, the river
so seriously now.
A
.
is not
polluted
C
.
had not been polluted
【答案】
B
【解析】
选
B
句意:如
果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在
事实相反的虚拟语气,用
would
加动词原形。
B
.
would not be
polluted
D
.
would not have been
polluted
7
.
Please wear your
best clothes on Monday, as your class photos
______ then.
A
.
will take
B
.
will be taken C
.
have taken
D
.
have been taken
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍
照。根据语境
可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选
B
。
8
.
105
.
The International
Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease
of 15 events
to the program of the
2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
A
.
will
make B
.
will be made
C
.
has been made D
.
had
made
【答案】
B
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际
奥委会宣布在
2020
年东京奥运会上将增加
15
个比赛项目。从年份
2020
可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时
的被
动,故选
B
。
9
.
It’s
reported that China will not buy the Euro debt
until some thorough research .
A
.
has been done
C
.
will be
done
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:考查时态及
语态。句意:据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后,中国
才会买进欧盟债务,含有
no
t ..until
的状语从句,主句一般将来,从句表示已经做过研究之
后,所以用完成时表
示,研究与做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,
A
正确。
考点:考查时态及语态
B
.
will have been
done
D
.
had been done
10
.
Various efforts ________ in the
past decades to protect the environment.
A
.
had made B
.
have made
C
.
were made D
.
have been
made
【答案】
D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据
in
the past decades
可知句子用现在完成时态,
efforts
是句子
主语,复数形式,和谓语动词
make
之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态,
故答案为
D
。
11
.
----Have
you telephoned your father?
--- Yes, he
back next week.
A
.
is expected
C
.
will expect
【答案】
A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:
--
你给你的父亲打电话了吗
?—
是的,他有望明年回来。这里
sb be
expected to do
现在现在盼望明年回来,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,这里
he
应指的是
父亲。根
据句意故选
A
。
考点:考查动词时态及语态的用法。
B
.
expects
D
.
will be
expected
12
.
Usually Beijing
Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes,
green onions and sweet
sauce.
A
.
was served B
.
will
serve
C
.
is served
D
.
served
【答案】
C
【解析】考查时
态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句
子说的是一般情况,要用一般现
在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动
词
serve
之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
C
。
13
.
Due to the
country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s
migrant population _______ to be
over 200
million by 2020.
A
.
predicts
B
.
is predicted C
.
will have been
predicted D
.
will be predicted
【答案】
B
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不
断提高,到
2020
年,中国
的流动人口预计将超过
2
亿。结合句意
可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子主语是
population
,单数第三人称形式,故
答案为
B
。该题容易误选
D
项,是现在预计,而不是将
来预计,故用
现在时态。
14
.
________scores of
times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to
use past participle in a
concrete
situation.
A
.
Having explained
C
.
Though it was explained
【答案】
D
【解析】
因为有连词
but
,前面应是完整的句子,排除
A,B;
Though
不能和
but
同时使用,所以选
D
。
B
.
Having been explained
D
.
It was explained
15
.
—Have you heard of yesterday's gas
explosion?
—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners
at the scene ________ to have made it out
safely.
A
.
have thought
B
.
are thought
C
.
had
thought D
.
were thought
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态语态。句意:
——
你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗
?——
是的,在现场的35
名矿工
中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有
2
个人被认为
安全获救,用一般现在时的
被动语态,故选
B.
16
.
Every year a flood of farmers
arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs
they_____
before leaving their hometowns.
A
.
promised
C
.
have promised
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳
,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此
处农民工是
“
被许诺工作
”
,需用被动语态,故排除
A
和
C
两项;
B
项仅
表一般过去时的被
B
.
were promised
D
.
have been promised
动;
D
项表示
“
已经被许诺
”
,故选
D
。
17
.
Every means ______, but
none proved ______.
A
.
have tried;
a success B
.
have been tried;
successfully
C
.
has tried; to be
successful D
.
has been tried;
successful
【答案】
D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致。
means
是单复数同形的名词,单复数取决于修饰词,这句话
means
用
every
修饰,说明是单数,谓语用单数,而且
means
和
try
是被动关系,用<
br>has been tried
,
第二空的
prove
是连系动词,后
面接形容词做表语。句意:每种办法都被尝试过了,但没
有一个证明是成功的。选
D
。
18
.
Many subway stations,
including the one near our school, ________ at
present for a better
transport in the
city.
A
.
are constructing
B
.
are being constructed C
.
is
constructing D
.
is being constructed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,
以便有更便利的交通
。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语
Many subway stations
和动词
construct
是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选
B.
【点睛】
现在进行时的被动结构:
be +
being+
过去分词
A number of Dongfeng trucks
are being shipped abroad.
一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1
)
“be being done”
中的动词
be
应随主语作相应的变化。
2
)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把
be
doing
变为
be
being done.
例
1.
The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The
classroom is being cleaned now.
现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning
变为
is
being cleaned)
例
2. The boy is counting
some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.
那男孩正在数羊。
(is counting
变为
are being
counted)
19
.
The film
“Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person,
named Oskar Schindler
A
.
inspired
B
.
prompted
C
.
rised
D
.
insured
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词。
A.
inspired
鼓舞;
B. prompted
引起,提示;
C.
rised
上升;
D. insured
确保。
句意:电影《辛德勒的名单》
的灵感来自一个真实的人,名叫奥斯卡
·
辛德勒。结合句意可
知此处用被动语态,故答
案为
A
。
20
.
My brother
and I have __________her birthday party.
A
.
been invited
C
.
invited
to
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态和固定搭配。句意:我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。
My brother
and I
与
invite
之间是被动关系,
invite sb to s
omewhere
表示
“
邀请某人去某地
”
,故
D
项正确。
B
.
been invited for
D
.
been invited to
21
.
A lot of small towns in the area
are definitely worth ________.
A
.
to be visited
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
主动形式表达被动意义。句意:这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth
doing
sth“
值得做某事
”
,主动形式表达被动意义。故选
C
项。
B
.
being visited
C
.
visiting D
.
to visit
22
.
As is estimated, more than 20
million shared bikes ______ into operation
nationwide by
2025.
A
.
will
have been put B
.
will have put
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查
动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到
2025
年为止,全国将有
2000
多万辆
共享单车投入
运营。根据
by 2025
可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成
被动关系,故应为将来
完成时的被动语态。故选
A
。
C
.
have been put D
.
will be
putting
23
.
Our society would
be better off but for the fact that the economy
________ by the current
global financial
crisis.
A
.
had been affected
C
.
should be affected
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
B
.
were
affected
D
.
is affected
考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处
表示一种客观事实,且
the economy
和
affect
之间是一种被
动关系,所以
that
引
导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为D
。
24
.
We didn’t play
football match________.
A
.
was
canceled B
.
is canceled
C
.
has canceled D
.
had
canceled
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:昨天我们没有踢足球,比赛取消了。根据句意可知,
match
和
cancel
之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;由
y
esterday
可知,这是发生在过去的一件事
情,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选
A
。
25
.
We won’t start the
work until all the preparations __________.
A
.
are being made
C
.
have
been made
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态辨析。句意:我们得等到所有的准备工作都做好了才能开始工作。
are
being
是现在进行时的被动形式;
will be
made
是一般将来时的被动形式;
have been
made
是现在
完成时的被动形式,用于强调动作产生的影响;
had been
made
是过去完成时的被动形
式
。本题是主将从现的用法。主句是将来时
时,从句用现在时或相当于现在的时态;现在
完成时强调过去对现在的影响或动作从过去一直持续到现在
。故选
C
。
【点睛】
通常说来
,
在
时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时,前面的主句中使用将来时。在高
中英语中也使用现在完成时
代替将来时,表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。主句是
We won’t
start
,从句用一般现在时或者现在完成时,故选
C
。
B
.
will be made
D
.
had
been made
26
.
I want to
buy that kind of cloth because I_____the
cloth_____well.
A
.
have told;washed
C
.
have been told;washed
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查
时态及语态句意:我想买这种布,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。
“
我
”
和
“
告诉
”
是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,所以需用完
成时态的被动语态;一
B
.
have been told;washes
D
.
was told;washes
些动词wash
,
lock
,
sell
,
wear
,
read
,
open
,
shut
,
clean等,如果主语如果是物,且表示
主语的特性或品质时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
the
cloth washes well
是指
“
这种布料很
好洗
”就是说明这种布料的特征的,应使用一般现在时。故选
B
。
27
.
As we know, it will still be some
years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _____
into
operation.
A
.
will be put
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:据我们所知,距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。
all
the metro lines
与
put...into operation
是被
动关系,应使用被动语态;在时间状语从句
中,主句是一般将来时,遵循
“
主将从现<
br>”
的原则,所以从句用一般现在时。故选
B
。
B
.
are put C
.
will have been put
D
.
are being put
28
.
This company _____ roundly by
unionists and social justice groups when it fired
a number of
workers for no reason a decade
ago.
A
.
condemned
【答案】
D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态及语态
。句意:十年前,当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时,收到了工会和社
会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有
明显的时间状语
a decade ago
十年前,只能跟一般过去时
连用。结合句意
,这家公司是被谴责,所以要用被动语态。故选
D
项。
【点睛】
解时态题,可以结合句中的时间状语,选择相应的时态。至于语态,则根据句意来判断。
比如该
题有明显的时间状语
a decade ago
,这是典型的用一般过去时的标志,结合句意,
这家公司是被谴责,所以必须要用被动语态,所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。
B
.
has condemned C
.
has been
condemned D
.
was condemned
29
.
Every possible means ________ to
prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not
clear.
A
.
is used
【答案】
D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可
能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍
然不明朗。
means
当名词解释为
方法
,单复数同型,且
every+
主语,谓语动词用单数;means
与动词
use
之间是被动关系,根据语境
“
所有的方
法都用了
”
,应该用现在完成时的
被动语态。故选
D
。
【点睛】
B
.
are used C
.
have
used D
.
has been used
“eache
very+
单数名词
+and+
单数名词
”
等结构作主语
当
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单数名词
”
或
“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+ eachevery+单数名
词
”
结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:
Each boy and each girl has been invited to the
teaparty.
每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶
话会。
The
boy and the girl each have their own toys.
这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。
30
.
In
no time______ by a string of measures backing
Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and
opening-
up.
A
.
the landmark decision was
followed
B
.
was the landmark
decision followed
C
.
did the
landmark decision follow
;
D
.
the landmark decision had been
followed;
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深
化改革和扩大
开放。
In no time
(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序
,不用部分倒装。另外,该句
陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选
A
。
【点睛】
关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be
动词,情态动词或助动
词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否
定性副词或者赋词短语,
比如
seldom
,
hardly
,
at no time, in no case, on no
occasion
等位于句首时,比如,
Hardly
does he get
late.
第二,
only
修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如
only
in this way can we
succeed.
而本题中
in no
time (
立刻,马上
)
,不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。
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