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高考被动语态专项练习题

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:48
tags:被动语态讲解

夜不能寐-盐怎么读

2020年10月22日发(作者:潘锡五)


高考被动语态专项练习题

一、单项选择被动语态
1

Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A

were told to
C

are told to
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你 才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保 留动词不定式的符号
to

分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。

【点睛】

to
代替不定式

在一定 的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
t o

to
代替不定式,常同
refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try

tell
等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,

have been
,一般要保留
be, have

have been


本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。

B

are told

D

were told


2

(
桂林部分学校高三质量检测
)The wet weather will continue tomorrow

when a cold
front________to arrive.

A

will be expected
C

expects
【答案】
D

【解析】

考查动词的时态和语态。句意为: 预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
续。
a cold front

expect
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,
expect
是发生在现在的动作, 要用一
般现在时,故选
D
项。

答案:
D

B

is expecting

D

is expected


3

Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week.

A

had been written B

has been written

C

had written D

has written

【答案】
B

【解析】

句意:她自己的故事已经被写出来 了,这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知,应该用现在完
成时的被动语态。故选B。



4

—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?

—To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.

A

was held B

had been held

C

has held D

held

【答案】
A

【解析】考查动词的 时态和语态。
meeting

hold
逻辑上的宾语,故用被动语态,再由 时
间状语
last Sunday
可知用一般过去时。故选
A
。句意 :
——
你知道为什么上星期日中学老
师召开会议吗?
——
要求更小班 ,每个班不超过
25-30
个学生。


5

With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year.

A

is washing away
C

are washing away
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:
1.
确定谓语单复数:根据
quantity
的用法,
quantities of

a quantity of
后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但
它们作主语时,
quantities of...
后面的谓语动词用复数,而
a quantity of...
的谓语动词 用单
数,故排除
A

D
项。
2.
确定第二空:随 着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在
进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质 土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选
D
项。

【名师点拨】

quantities of

a quantity of
后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
quantities of
后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
a quantity of
后面
加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
quantities of money have
been sent there
大量的钱已经被送到那里;
A large quantity of money has been wasted.
大量的
钱已经被浪费;
2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.
大量的书已经提供给我
们;
Quantities of nuts are on the table.
大量的坚果在桌子上。

B

is being washed away

D

are being washed away


6

When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ .

A

are being painted B

are painting

C

were being painted D

were painting

【答案】
C

【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉
刷。根据句意可 知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故选
C



7

It’s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research .

A

has been done B

will have been done


C

will be done
【答案】
A

【解析】

D

had been done

试题分析:考查时态及语态。句 意:据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后,中国
才会买进欧盟债务,含有
not .. until
的状语从句,主句一般将来,从句表示已经做过研究之
后,所以用完成时表示,研究 与做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,
A
正确。

考点:考查时态及语态


8

Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet
sauce.

A

was served B

will serve

C

is served D

served

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时 态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句
子说的是一般情况,要用一般现 在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动 词
serve
之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
C



9

8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a
shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last
2 years.

A

killed B

were killed

C

have killed D

have been killed

【答案】
B
< br>【解析】考查被动语态。句意:在圣塔菲高中,一名
17
岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪, 在
圣塔菲高中杀害了
8
名学生和
2
名教师。
8 students and 2 teachers
是句子主语,复数形
式,和
kil l
之间是被动关系,再根据
in the last 2 years.
可知这是最近 两年发生的与枪有关的
事故之一,可知这是在讲过去的事情,所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,故答 案为
B



10

It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.

A

trapped
C

had trapped
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were < br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis itors

trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D< br>选项正确。

B

have been trapped

D

had been trapped



11

—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?

—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.

A

have thought B

are thought

C

had thought D

were thought

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态语态。句意:
——
你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗
?——
是的,在现场的35
名矿工
中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有
2
个人被认为 安全获救,用一般现在时的
被动语态,故选
B.


12

— Can we play basketball in the school gym?

— No, it ______ during the summer holidays.

A

is repaired B

is being repaired

C

was repaired D

has been repaired

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态语态。句意:
--
我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?
--
不行,暑假期间 操场正在被修
葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语
it
和动词之间是被
动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选
B



13

More than one worker ______ dismissed.

A

have been B

are

C

has been D

has

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由

+单数名词

构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除
A

B


工人



解雇
之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选
C



14

—Have you heard about that school bus accident?

—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.

A

were saved
C

have saved
【答案】
A

【解析】

B

was saved

D

has been saved


考查动词时态和语态。句意为:
——
你有没有听说那起校车事故?
——
嗯,幸运的是,车
上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的
Have you heard ...
可知,事故发生在过去,且
all
为主语,和
save
逻辑上 构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案
A
符合语境。


15

The classroom ________ by students every day.

A

cleans B

cleaned

C

is cleaned D

is cleaning

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意:教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语
The classroom< br>,单数第三
人称形式,与谓语动词
clean
之间是被动关系,再结合
every day
,可知句子用一般现在时
态的被动语态,故选
C



16

People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole
nation works hard for it.

A

realizing
C

realized
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式 习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant< br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D


B

to be realized

D

to realize


17

This is one of the best films _______.

A

that have been shown this year
C

that has been shown this year
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】
< br>考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词

the one
,有最高级
the best
修饰,关系代词应该用
th at
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故
C
项正确。

B

that have shown

D

that you talked


18

in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.


A

Being dressed; pick out
C

Dressed; be picked out
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

B

Dressed; pick out

D

Having dressed; pick out

考查过 去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被
认出来。
be dressed in
穿着
……
,作状语表状态,故用
dressed

sb be easy to do sth
主动形
式表达被动意思,所以用
pick out
。故
B
选项正确。

【点睛】

主动形式表被动意义的不定式

1.
主语+
be +adj. +to do


能用于此句型的形容词有
: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(
使人疲劳的
),
interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.
注意:当上述 形容词在句中作宾语补
足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

2.
主语
+be +adj. + enough +to do


3.
主语
+be +too +adj. +to do

4.
不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主
动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.

be
句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.


疑问代词
+
不定式

结构中。

, to blame, to seek
等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do
结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。

分析句子可知,
sb be easy to do sth
主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用
pick
out
。故
B
选项正确


19

More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural
reform.

A

are made
C

are being made
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:据报道,未来几年将 会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。
本句的时间状语
in the years ahe ad
"在将来的几年"和一般将来时连用,且
efforts
与动词
make
构成被动关系,所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式,故
B
项< br>正确。

B

will be made

D

have been made



20

Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the current
global financial crisis.

A

had been affected
C

should be affected
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当 前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种客观事实,且
the econom y

affect
之间是一种被动关系,所以
that

导 的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D


B

were affected

D

is affected


21

A number of foreigners______ to watch the 70
th
anniversary of the founding of the PRC on
Oct.1

A

Attracted
C

was attracted
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:
10
1
日,一些外国人被吸引来观看中华人民共和国成立
70
周年纪念活动 。分析句子可知,
attract
是谓语动词,由时间状语
on Oct.1
可知,用一般过
去时,主语
foreigners

attract
是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语
foreigners
是复数,故选
D


B

have attracted

D

were attracted


22

—Pity that I haven’t got a ticket for the concert tonight.

—It doesn’t matter. I’m sure it _______ on TV.

A

will be broadcast
C

has been broadcast
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意:
——
很可惜我没有今晚的音 乐会的票。
——
没关系,我相信
它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事,所以 应用将来时,
it
代替
concert
,它与
broadcast< br>之间是被动关系,应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选
A


【点睛】

本题难度适中。动词的时态和语态放在一起考查增加了试题的难度,需要考 生有分析理解
复杂的句子结构的能力,必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题中,因为今晚将发生的事,所以应用将来时,
it
代替
concert
, 它与
broadcast
之间是被动
关系,应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选
A


B

will broadcast

D

is broadcasting


23

You’d better communicate with each other sincerely, and I hope to see your conflict
________ tomorrow.

A

was to be solved
C

will have been solved
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通,我希望明天你们的 冲突能得到解
决。由时间状语
tomorrow
可知,此处应用将来时,
co nflict

solve
之间为被动关系。因此
C
项的将来完成时 符合语境,表示在将来某一时间以前(明天结束之前)已经完成的动
作。故选
C
项。< br>
B

has been solved

D

had been solved


24

As is expected, it will be not long before our domestically built aircraft Carriers _____ into
operation.

A

will be put
C

will have been put
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意
:
按照预计,在不久的将来,我们国内制造的航母就会投入 使用。
时间状语从句中使用主将从现,如果主句是一般将来时
,
从句用一般现在时替代 一般将来
时。
before
是从句要用一般现在时。投入和主语是被动关系。故选B


B

are put

D

have been put


25

New energy-sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s
sharing economy in the next few years.

A

are to carry out
C

were carried out
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正 在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目 正在城市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy- sharing projects
与动词
carry out

被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B


B

are being carried out

D

will have been carried out


26

I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He

around here for a long time.


A

won't be seen
C

hasn't been seen
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

B

wasn't seen

D

hadn't been seen

考查 过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He

see
之间 是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D



27

–The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.

–Yes. It ______ nearly 20 metres.

A

measures
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态及语态。句意:
——
演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。
——
是的。它近20
米。
measure
此处意为

测量,量起来
…… ”
,为不及物动词,后接量的结果,不用于被动语态或
进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现 在时,且主语为
it
,谓语动词需用第三人称单数
形式。故选
A
。< br>
B

is measured C

will measure D

is measuring


28

Beijing's new international airport ________ into use in September, 2019, according to the
spokesperson.

A

was put
C

has put
【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:按照发言人所说,北京的新国际机场将 在
2019
年投入
使用。根据句意可知,用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选
D


考点:考查时态和语态

B

will put

D

will be put


29

More expressways ________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.

A

are being built
C

have been built
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意为:四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时 间状语
soon

知,考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的,在具体 做题时,需要关注的
是时间状语。因此,考生在做本题时,需要先找出时间状语
soon
,然后才能准确判断时态
B

will be built

D

had been built


是一般将来时 。通过观察选项可知,选项
A
是现在进行时;选项
B
是一般将来时;选项C
是现在完成时;选项
D
是过去完成时。故选择
B



30

The old man was weak after the accident; so he ______ carefully by us.

A

must be take care of B

must take care of

C

must look after D

must be looked after

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 含情态动词的被动语态。句意:事故发生后,老人很虚弱;所以他必须由我们仔细照
顾。固定词组:take care of looked after“
照顾

;句子主语he
和谓语动词之间是被动关
系,所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态,

情态动词
+be +
过去分词

。故选
D


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