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2020-2021年被动语态练习(含答案)

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:49
tags:被动语态讲解

我开头的成语-hall是什么意思

2020年10月22日发(作者:萧思明)


2020-2021年被动语态练习(含答案)

一、单项选择被动语态
1

The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.

A

treated

B

were treated

C

would treat

D

would be treated

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the
guests ___ in the hotel
是定语从句
U
,修饰
The way

treat
是从句的谓语动词,
The guests

treat
之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选
B



2

It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.

A

is held
C

will be held
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,


)次

。一般来说,
This is the first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that

句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个 节日庆祝活动,
还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C


考点
:
考查句式用法

B

has been held

D

had been held


3

—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?

—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.

A

was sent B

has been sent

C

had been sent D

would be sent

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:
——Peterson
叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?< br>——

可惜他已经被派到
Zimbabwe
去做志愿教师了。由语境可 知,
Uncle Peterson
被派到
Zimbabwe
这是发生在过去 的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时
态。且主语
he

send
之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,
B
选项正确。


4

Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on
the world’s economy.

A

is fixing on B

is being fixed on

C

has fixed on D

had been fixed on


【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现在世界关注的 焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经
济已经产生了很大的影响。
attention
focus
之间为被动关系,
Now
提示用现在进行时。


5

Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.

A

will take B

will be taken C

have taken D

have been taken

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:请在星 期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍
照。根据语境可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一 般将来时态的被动语态。故选
B



6

103

When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the
National Games are to be held then.

A

will be constructing B

will have been constructed

C

has been constructing D

is being constructed

【答案】
B

【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意:明年八月当你访 问我们城镇的时候,一个
现代化的体育中心将已经被建成,因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语
next
August
,排除
C

D
两项,再根据
a modern sports center

construct
是被动关系,排除
A
项,用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选
B
项。


7

----Have you telephoned your father?

--- Yes, he back next week.

A

is expected
C

will expect
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:
--
你给你的父亲打电话了吗
?—
是的,他有望明年回来。这里
sb be
expected to do
现在现在盼望明年回来,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,这里
he
应指的是
父亲。根 据句意故选
A


考点:考查动词时态及语态的用法。

B

expects

D

will be expected


8

It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many
innocent people.

A

are blamed
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致以及
be to bl ame
的用法。句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错误,应对这么多
B

was to blame C

was blamed D

were to blame


无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for …
表示

应受责备,应对
……
负责

时,固定短语 ,因此
排除
A

C
项;这里强调主语
the natural disaster
,是一个强调句,谓语动词应与主语保持
一致,即与
the natural disaster
保持一致,因此用
was to blame
,故选
B
项。


9

Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _______ properly in this hospital.

A

can be the patients treated

B

the patients can be treated

C

can the patients be treated

D

treated can be the patients

【答案】
C

【解析】

试题 分析:考查部分倒装。句意为:只有增加
50%
的医生,这个医院的病人才能得到恰当
的医治。
“only
+状语

放于句首时句子须用部分倒装,故选
C
项。

考点
:
考查部分倒装


10

Peter is helping set tables in the hall, where John’s birthday party ________.

A

is holding B

has held

C

is held D

will be held

【答案】
D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:皮特正在 帮着在大厅里放桌子,约翰的生日晚会将在这
里举行。根据前面语境正在放桌子,可知现在
pa rty
还没举行,马上将要举行,

生日晚会



举行

之间是被动关系,故选
D



11

A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two
days.

A

are trapping B

have been trapped

C

were trapping D

had been trapped

【答案】
D

【解析】

考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援 人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游
者。
“who ___ in the mountains for two days”
是定语从句,修饰
two tourists

two tourists

trap
之间是被 动关系,该空应用被动语态。由
risked
可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事
情,被 困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即

过去的过去

,该空应用过去完成 时态。
综上,
D
选项正确。

点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或 动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即

过去的过


,其表达形式 为
had done
,被动语态的表达形式为
had been done



12

It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.

A

trapped B

have been trapped


C

had trapped
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

D

had been trapped

考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were < br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis itors

trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D< br>选项正确。


13

This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.

A

has been built B

build

C

have been built D

have built

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意:这是最 近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一
座。此处
the highest building s
是先行词,指物,复数形式,且和
build
之间是被动关系,再
根据recently
所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态,故选
C



14

I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.

A

have told; wash
C

was told; washed
【答案】
B

【解析】

考察 时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内
容为过去已经完成的 动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事
实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在, 故用一般现在时态。选
B


B

have been told; wash

D

have been told; are washed







15

I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He

around here for a long time.

A

won't be seen B

wasn't seen

C

hasn't been seen D

hadn't been seen

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近


露面 了。根据
this morning
可知这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知此空是更靠前
的动作,且句子主语
He

s ee
之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D



16

Commercial and recreational fishing _______ population sizes and also made individuals
smaller, since big fish _______ and smaller ones thrown back.

A

decreased; kept
C

has decreased; keep
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态和语态。句意:商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模,也使个体变小,因为大鱼被保
留下来,小鱼被扔回 大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果,用现在完成时态;第二空
是一般现在时态的被动语态,主语< br>big fish

keep
是被动关系,故答案为
D


B

had decreased; are kept

D

has decreased; are kept


17

Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the current
global financial crisis.

A

had been affected
C

should be affected
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:如果不是经济受到当 前全球金融危机的影响,我们的社会会更
好。此处表示一种客观事实,且
the econom y

affect
之间是一种被动关系,所以
that

导 的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
D


B

were affected

D

is affected


18

This kind of cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth ________.

A

is sold

have been sold
C

sells

have been sold
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态语态。句意:这种布销路很好,已售出大量。
sellwashburn
等词在表示事
物的状态、特点时,可以用主动表被动,因此第一个空应选
sells
;第二空表示

出售,卖

的动作,用被动语态,且强调对现在的影 响应该用现在完成时态,故正确答案为
C


B

is sold; has been sold

D

sells has been sold


19

By the end of last year, another new hospital __________ in our city.

A

would complete
C

was completed
【答案】
D

B

would be completed

D

had been completed


【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:去年年底为止,我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有
by
the end of
表示



为止

如果后面接过去的时间,句子要用过去完成时。本句中
by the end
of last year

by
后是过去的时间状语,句子要用过去完成时,故选
D


【点睛】

By
表示时间,意为


......
时为止

;该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接
by
后面 是现在的时
间,句中就使用现在完成时;如果
by
后面是过去的时间状语,就使用过去 完成时;如果后
面是将来的时间,就使用将来完成时。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.

到他十岁时
,
他已学了约一千个英语

By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.


2020
年,这个城市的人口将增至二千万。

By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.

当简到家时,她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了


20

New energy-sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s
sharing economy in the next few years.

A

are to carry out
C

were carried out
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正 在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来
几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目 正在城市中开展实施,才能
给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。
New energy- sharing projects
与动词
carry out

被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。
A. are to carry out
一般将来时的被动,表示
将实施,
B. are being carried out
一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,
C. were carried out
表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;
D. will have been carried out
将来完成时的被
动。故选
B


B

are being carried out

D

will have been carried out


21

We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.

A

are being made
C

have been made
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态辨析。句意:我们得等到所有的准备工作都做好了才能开始工作。
are being
是现在进行时的被动形式;
will be made
是一般将来时的被动形式;
have been made
是现在
B

will be made

D

had been made


完成时的被动形式,用于强调动作产生的影响;
had been made
是过去完成时的被动形


。本题是主将从现的用法。主句是将来时 时,从句用现在时或相当于现在的时态;现在
完成时强调过去对现在的影响或动作从过去一直持续到现在 。故选
C


【点睛】

通常说来
,
在 时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时,前面的主句中使用将来时。在高
中英语中也使用现在完成时 代替将来时,表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。主句是
We won’t start
,从句用一般现在时或者现在完成时,故选
C




22

I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He

around here for a long time.

A

won't be seen
C

hasn't been seen
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早 上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知 ,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He

see
之间是一种被动关 系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D


B

wasn't seen

D

hadn't been seen


23

—Why didn’t you attend the assembly this morning?

—But I ________ anything about that.

A

didn’t tell
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态和语态。句意:
——
你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会?
——
没人告诉我 。主语
I

tell
之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,又

没有告诉

的动作发生在今天早上之前,即过
去之过去,故用过去完成时的被动语态, 即
had been done
,故选
C
项。

B

haven’t told C

hadn’t been told D

haven’t been told


24

As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _____ into
operation.

A

will be put
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:据我们所知,距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。
all the metro lines

put...into operation
是被 动关系,应使用被动语态;在时间状语从句
中,主句是一般将来时,遵循

主将从现< br>”
的原则,所以从句用一般现在时。故选
B


B

are put C

will have been put D

are being put


25

Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot.

A

has informed
C

has been informed
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致及语态。句意:玛丽和她的父母 都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,这让我们
很吃惊。根据句意可知,此处使用被动语态;
nei ther…nor
(既不,也不)有就近原则,只
看离谓语动词最近的主语,这里
he r parents
是复数,且是被告知,所以用
have been
informed
,故选
D
项。

【点睛】
本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常
见的就近原 则的词或者短语有:
not…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…,
there be
句型,
whether…or…
,例如:

There is an apple and two bananas.
这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。

Not only you but also your father likes fishing.
不仅你,而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。

B

have informed

D

have been informed


26

Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.

A

is used
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可 能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍
然不明朗。
means
当名词解释为

方法

,单复数同型,且
every+
主语,谓语动词用单数;means
与动词
use
之间是被动关系,根据语境

所有的方 法都用了

,应该用现在完成时的
被动语态。故选
D


【点睛】

“eachevery+
单数名词
+and+
单 数名词

等结构作主语


“eachevery+
单数名 词
+and+
单数名词


“eachevery+
单数名 词
+and+ eachevery+
单数名


结构作主语时,谓 语动词通常用单数形式。如:

Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty.
每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶
话会。

The boy and the girl each have their own toys.
这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。

B

are used C

have used D

has been used


27

–The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.

–Yes. It ______ nearly 20 metres.

A

measures
【答案】
A

【解析】

B

is measured C

will measure D

is measuring


【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意 :
——
演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。
——
是的。它近
20
米。
measure
此处意为

测量,量起来
……”
,为不及物 动词,后接量的结果,不用于被动语态或
进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现在时,且主语为
it
,谓语动词需用第三人称单数
形式。故选
A



28

The Olympic Sports Center _______at present in the city and is said to be open to the public
in 2019

A

is built B

has built C

is being built D

will be built

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正 在被建。据说
2019
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at presen t
意为

现在

,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports Center

build
该词被动关系,所以要用 现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。


29

The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female
passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.

A

should have avoided
C

could have avoided
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查

情态动词
+
完成式

。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致
15
死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。
could have done“
本来能做而没有做

,且句子主语
The
accide nt
和谓语动词
avoid
之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为
D


【点睛】

情态动词
+ have done
结构:

1.“must + have +
过去分词

表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只
用于肯定句。如:
It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.

2.“can could + have +
过去分词
”< br>表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。
can

could
一般用于否定句和疑问句,
could
的语气较
can
弱。如:
He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may might + have +
过去分词

表示对已发生 的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,
might
的语气比
may
弱一点。 这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用
can

could
。如:< br>They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have +
过去分词

表示过去做了不必做或不需 要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多
余。如:
I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should ought to + have +
过去分词

表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to
的语气比
should
强一些。如:

B

should be avoided

D

could have been avoided


You ought to should have studied harder.
你本应该更努力学习的
.
(但没有)

He oughtn't to shouldn't have done that.
他本来就不该做那件事
.
(可是做了)

6.“would

have


过去分词

表示对过去的某种 情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种
原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用
sho uld

ought to
那样含有责备之意。
如:

I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.


30

Louis Cha (
金庸
) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______
the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”

A

could have been rewarded
C

should be rewarded
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词
+have done
用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本
能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻 译成了英语的著作。
A. could have been rewarded
本可以被
授予;
B. must have been rewarded
一定被授予;
C. should be rewarded
应该被授予;
D. need
have been rewarded
本必要被授予。根据语境,
A
选项正确。

【点睛】

could have done
可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句 。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实
际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为
“< br>本来可以
”“
本来能

,也可以表示对过
去动作的推测,常可 译为

可能(已经
)”
。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故
A
选项正确。

B

must have been rewarded

D

need have been rewarded

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