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高考被动语态基础练习题

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:50
tags:被动语态讲解

请勿的近义词-单刀赴会的意思

2020年10月22日发(作者:翟文会)


高考被动语态基础练习题

一、单项选择被动语态
1

The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more.

A

was broken into; is belonged to B

broke into; is belonged to

C

broke into; belonging to D

was broken into; belongs to

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在
那里住了。第一空, 根据
last night
及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,
break
into“
破门而入

,答案为
was broken into
;第二空,
belong to“
属于

,无进行和被动语 态,
结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为
belongs to
。故选
D



2
.一
When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?


Not until our plan________ by the committee


A

will be approved
C

is to approve
【答案】
D

【解析】

这题考查时态语态,
our plan

approve
是被动关系 ,用被动,选择
A

D

A
项是一般将
来时,not until
引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一般现在时或现在完成
时,选
D


B

approves

D

has been approved


3

—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?

—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.

A

was sent B

has been sent

C

had been sent D

would be sent

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:
——Peterson
叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?< br>——

可惜他已经被派到
Zimbabwe
去做志愿教师了。由语境可 知,
Uncle Peterson
被派到
Zimbabwe
这是发生在过去 的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时
态。且主语
he

send
之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,
B
选项正确。


4

Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present.

A

were exhibited B

were being exhibited

C

are being exhibited D

are exhibited

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:许多史前古器物目前正在 国家博物馆首次展出。根


据时间状语
“at present”
可知, 句子描述现在正在进行的动作,主语
artifacts
与谓语
exhibit
之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选
C



5

—It’s so humid these days!

—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.

A

will expect B

expects

C

will be expected D

is expected

【答案】
D

【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:
——
这 些日子天气潮湿。
——
不要担心!这场雨预
计明天就会停止。根据语境,
“e xpect”
表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,

停止

的动作
发生在明天,且主语
The rain

expect
之间是被动关系。故选
D



6

—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?

—To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.

A

was held B

had been held

C

has held D

held

【答案】
A

【解析】考查动词的 时态和语态。
meeting

hold
逻辑上的宾语,故用被动语态,再由 时
间状语
last Sunday
可知用一般过去时。故选
A
。句意 :
——
你知道为什么上星期日中学老
师召开会议吗?
——
要求更小班 ,每个班不超过
25-30
个学生。


7

With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year.

A

is washing away
C

are washing away
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:
1.
确定谓语单复数:根据
quantity
的用法,
quantities of

a quantity of
后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但
它们作主语时,
quantities of...
后面的谓语动词用复数,而
a quantity of...
的谓语动词 用单
数,故排除
A

D
项。
2.
确定第二空:随 着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在
进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质 土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选
D
项。

【名师点拨】

quantities of

a quantity of
后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
quantities of
后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;
a quantity of
后面
加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
quantities of money have
been sent there
大量的钱已经被送到那里;
A large quantity of money has been wasted.
大量的
B

is being washed away

D

are being washed away


钱已经被浪费;
2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.
大量的书已经提供给我
们;
Quantities of nuts are on the table.
大量的坚果在桌子上。


8

Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.

A

will take B

will be taken C

have taken D

have been taken

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:请在星 期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍
照。根据语境可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一 般将来时态的被动语态。故选
B



9

103

When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the
National Games are to be held then.

A

will be constructing B

will have been constructed

C

has been constructing D

is being constructed

【答案】
B

【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意:明年八月当你访 问我们城镇的时候,一个
现代化的体育中心将已经被建成,因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语
next
August
,排除
C

D
两项,再根据
a modern sports center

construct
是被动关系,排除
A
项,用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选
B
项。


10

Oral English exams _______ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.

A

has held B

will be held

C

will hold D

has been held

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次,为的是给学生更
多的机会。句中 主语
Oral English exams
和动词
hold
是被动关系,表 示动作将要进行不是完
成,排除
D
,故选
B



11
.-
Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?


Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.

A

had interviewed B

was interviewed

C

was being interviewed D

is being interviewing

【答案】
C

【解析】考查动词时态。句意:
——
迈克,
你刚才看到
Mr. Chapman
在办公室吗
?——
是的< br>,

正在接受采访
,
他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过 去进行时,句中
he
和动

interview
是被动关系,所以此 处用过去进行时的被动,故选
C



12

Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet
sauce.


A

was served B

will serve

C

is served D

served

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的 薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句
子说的是一般情况,要用一般现在时态;句子主语
Beijing Roast Duck
是单数第三人称,和
谓语动词
serve
之间是被动关 系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为
C



13

In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and
opening-up.

A

the landmark decision was followed

B

was the landmark decision followed

C

did the landmark decision follow


D

the landmark decision had been followed;

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深 化改革和扩大
开放。
In no time
(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序 ,不用部分倒装。另外,该句
陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选
A

【点睛】

关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be
动词,情态动词或助动
词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否 定性副词或者赋词短语,
比如
seldom

hardly

at no time, in no case, on no occasion
等位于句首时,比如,
Hardly
does he get late.
第二,
only
修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如
only in this way can we
succeed.
而本题中
in no time (
立刻,马上
)
,不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。


14

(
江苏四校第四次考试
)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of
the missing________shortly.

A

will be published
C

had been published
【答案】
A

【解析】

考查时态。
shortly
不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来
时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。

答案:
A

B

have been published

D

are published


15

The officer commanded that everyone passing by ______ that day.

A

search B

would be searched


C

be searched
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

D

must be searched

考查虚拟语气。句意:军 官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。
command
后面的宾语从句用虚拟
语气,(
should

+
动词原形,此处
everyone

s earch
之间是被动关系,故答案为
C



16

With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the fields of IT.

A

has introduced
C

is introduced
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:句意,随着科技的发展,更多新的技术被引进到
IT< br>领域。表示现阶段正在进行
的动作,用现在进行时。且主语
new technolog y
与动作
introduce
之间是被动关系,用现在
分词的被动语态,故选
B


考点:时态和语态考查题

点评:动词是谓语动所表 示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有
16
种时态,但
是常用的只有
9
种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、
现在完成时、过去 完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。当句子的主语是动作的执行者
时,谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子 的主语是动作承受者时,谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被
动语态由助动词
be +
过去分词构成,时态通过
be
表现出来。

B

is being introduced

D

was introduced


17

Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better
transport in the city.

A

are constructing B

are being constructed C

is constructing D

is being constructed

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,
以便有更便利的交通 。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语
Many subway stations
和动词
construct
是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选
B.
【点睛】

现在进行时的被动结构:
be + being+
过去分词

A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.
一批东风卡车正被运往国外。

1

“be being done”
中的动词
be
应随主语作相应的变化。

2
)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把
be doing
变为
be
being done.


1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now.

现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning
变为
is being cleaned)



2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.

那男孩正在数羊。
(is counting
变为
are being counted)


18

Louis Cha (
金庸
) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______
the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”

A

could have been rewarded
C

should be rewarded
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词
+have done
用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本
能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻 译成了英语的著作。
A. could have been rewarded
本可以被
授予;
B. must have been rewarded
一定被授予;
C. should be rewarded
应该被授予;
D. need
have been rewarded
本必要被授予。根据语境,
A
选项正确。

【点睛】

could have done
可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句 。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实
际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为
“< br>本来可以
”“
本来能

,也可以表示对过
去动作的推测,常可 译为

可能(已经
)”
。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故
A
选项正确。

B

must have been rewarded

D

need have been rewarded


19

More than one worker ______ dismissed.

A

have been B

are

C

has been D

has

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查 主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由

+单数名词

构成 ,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除
A

B


工人



解雇

之间是被动关系,用被动语 态,故选
C



20

The classroom ________ by students every day.

A

cleans B

cleaned

C

is cleaned D

is cleaning

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意:教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语
The classroom< br>,单数第三
人称形式,与谓语动词
clean
之间是被动关系,再结合
every day
,可知句子用一般现在时
态的被动语态,故选
C



21

Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A

were told to
C

are told to
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查 省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文
中,为了避免重复,动 词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号
to

分析句子可知,本 句为一般现在时。故
C
选项正确。

【点睛】

to
代替不定式

在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以 被省略掉,但是要保留动词不
定式的符号
to

to
代替不定式,常 同
refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,
prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try

tell
等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有
be, have,

have been
,一般要保留
be, have

have been


本句还原为:
Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up
。省略句为:
Please
don’t stand up in class until you are told to
。故
C
选项正确。

B

are told

D

were told


22

We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case ______ from practice.

A

should theory separate
C

theory should separate
【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们必须把我们 学到的应用到实际生活中去,因为在任何情况下理论都
不应该脱离实际。这里是
apply sth to sth

……
应用到
……

in no c ase
在从句中的句首,所
以应该用倒装,又因为
theory

s eparate
之间是被动关系,故选
D


考点:考查倒装的用法。

点评:本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目, 它们的各种情况比较多,需要
考生牢记它们的用法,但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。
即学即练:
Can you explain_______most deserts are located near the west coast of the
continents?

A. why is it that B. why it is that

C. how it is that D. how is it that

解析:
B
。句意:由句子结构可知,强调句型
“it is ...that ”
对宾语从句的引导词进行强调,应
用陈述语序,再由句意可知,选
B

B

theory should be separated

D

should theory be separated


23

—Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?

—Yes, the posts about the virtual green frog ________ over 4 million times.


A

have read
C

would be read
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

B

have been read

D

are reading

考查时态和语态 。句意:
——
你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗?
——
是的,关于虚拟绿蛙的帖子已经被阅读了
400
多万次。
The posts

read
是被动关系,用被动语态,

已经被阅读过


用完成时态 ,故选
B



24

As is expected, it will be not long before our domestically built aircraft Carriers _____ into
operation.

A

will be put
C

will have been put
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意
:
按照预计,在不久的将来,我们国内制造的航母就会投入使用。
时间状语从句中使用主将从现,如果主 句是一般将来时
,
从句用一般现在时替代一般将来
时。
before
是从句要用一般现在时。投入和主语是被动关系。故选
B


B

are put

D

have been put


25

We didn’t play football match________.

A

was canceled B

is canceled

C

has canceled D

had canceled

【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:昨天我们没有踢足球,比赛取消了。根据句意可知,
match

cancel
之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;由
y esterday
可知,这是发生在过去的一件事
情,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选
A



26

I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_____the cloth_____well.

A

have told;washed
C

have been told;washed
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 时态及语态句意:我想买这种布,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。





告诉

是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,所以需用完 成时态的被动语态;一
些动词
wash

lock

sel l

wear

read

open

s hut

clean
等,如果主语如果是物,且表示
B

h ave been told;washes

D

was told;washes


主语的特性或品质时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
the cloth washes well
是指

这种布料很
好洗

就是说明 这种布料的特征的,应使用一般现在时。故选
B



27

–The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.

–Yes. It ______ nearly 20 metres.

A

measures
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查 动词时态及语态。句意:
——
演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。
——
是的。它近20
米。
measure
此处意为

测量,量起来
…… ”
,为不及物动词,后接量的结果,不用于被动语态或
进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现 在时,且主语为
it
,谓语动词需用第三人称单数
形式。故选
A
。< br>
B

is measured C

will measure D

is measuring


28

The Olympic Sports Center _______at present in the city and is said to be open to the public
in 2019

A

is built B

has built C

is being built D

will be built

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正 在被建。据说
2019
年会对公众开放。句中时
间状语是
at presen t
意为

现在

,介绍正在发生的事情,主语
the Olympic Sports Center

build
该词被动关系,所以要用 现在进行时的被动语态。故
C
项正确。


29

Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_____
before leaving their hometowns.

A

promised
C

have promised
【答案】
D

【解析】

句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳 ,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此
处农民工是

被许诺工作

,需用被动语态,故排除
A

C
两项;
B
项仅 表一般过去时的被
动;
D
项表示

已经被许诺

, 故选
D


B

were promised

D

have been promised


30

This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.

A

has been built B

build

C

have been built D

have built

【答案】
C

【解析】


【详解】

考查现在完成时态的被动语态 。句意:这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一
座。此处
the highest b uildings
是先行词,指物,复数形式,且和
build
之间是被动关系,再< br>根据
recently
所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态,故选
C


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