关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

高考被动语态(完整版)

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-22 00:51
tags:被动语态讲解

南京林业大学研究生-kindly是什么意思

2020年10月22日发(作者:严东生)


高考被动语态(完整版)

一、单项选择被动语态
1

I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well.

A

have told

washes
C

was told

washed
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空
中使用现在完成时表 示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且
I

tell
是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词
wash
与副词
well
连用,用 主动形式表示被动含
义。故
B
项正确。

【点睛】

小题
2
中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及

主语
+
不及 物动词
+
主语补语

句型中的一些不
及物动词使用主动表示被动的用 法。具体用法如下:

1)
系动词没有被动形式
,
但有些系动词常表 示被动意义。常见的有
taste(
吃起来
), sound (

起来
), prove(
证明是
), feel(
摸上去感到
)

,
例如
:

Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来很合理。


Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
良药苦口。

2)
一些与
can't(
不能
)

won't(
不会< br>)
连用的动词。常用的有
: lock(
锁住
), shut(
关上
) , open
(打开,营业)
, close
(关门)
, cut
(切割)
, weigh
(重)
, act
(上演)
,
例如
:

The door won't open.
这门打不开。
It can't move.
它不能动。

This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.

3)
一些与
well(

), easily(
容易地
), perfectly(
十分地
)
等连用的动词
,

: sell, wash, clean,
burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear
等。这种

动词
+
副词

结构,常表示事物内部特有
的属性。例如
:

The book sells well.
这种书很畅销。

These clothes wash well.
这些衣服很耐洗。

4)
用 在

主语
+
不及物动词
+
主语补语

句型 中的一些不及物动词
,

例如
:This material has worn thin.
这料子已磨薄了。

B

have been told

washes

D

have been told

is washed


The dust has blown into the house.
灰尘被风吹进了房子。


This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.

The

pen

my

father

gave

me

as

a

birthday

gift

writes

smoothly.

Written in simple English, this article reads easily.


5)
某些不及物动词,如
happen, occur, cost
以及短语,如
come out
(出版)
, come up
(出现)
, come into being
(产生)

come to one’s mind
(想起)
, turn out
(证明是)
,
come about
(发生)
, break out
(爆发)
, belong to
(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以
它们常用主动形式。

The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the


18th century.

Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you.


2

________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a
concrete situation.

A

Having explained
C

Though it was explained
【答案】
D

【解析】

因为有连词
but
,前面应是完整的句子,排除
A,B; Though
不能和
but
同时使用,所以选
D


B

Having been explained

D

It was explained


3

A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the
bird flu virus.

A

confirmed
C

was confirmed
【答案】
C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:一例人感染
H7N9
病毒的报告发生在
2014
年,当时,一名女性被确诊感
染了禽流感。
Confirm
证实,确认,根据
was reported in 2014
可知,是过去的事情,先行词是
2014
,定语从句也用一般过去时,排除
B

D

woman

confirm
是动宾关系,即她
是被确诊的,故选
C


考点:考查时态与被动语态

B

had been confirmed

D

have confirmed


4

The two nurses ________ 100

000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the
explosion.

A

rewarded
C

have been rewarded
【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:句 意:这两位护士被警方奖赏
100

000
元,但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故 的受
害者。根据
“but donated it to victims of the e xplosion.”
,可知

她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受
害者

已经是发生在过去的事情,而

两位护士被警方奖赏
100

000


是发生在过去的过
去,故用过去完成时,且

两位护士



奖赏

是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D


考点:考查时态和语态

B

would be rewarded

D

had been rewarded


5

It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.

A

is held
C

will be held
B

has been held

D

had been held


【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这是第一(二,


)次

。一般来说,
This is the first (second, third…) time +that
从句,这个句式中
that

句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,
so far
距今为止,表示现在为止这个 节日庆祝活动,
还没有举办,要用将来时。故选
C


考点
:
考查句式用法


6

(
桂林部分学校高三质量检测
)The wet weather will continue tomorrow

when a cold
front________to arrive.

A

will be expected
C

expects
【答案】
D

【解析】

考查动词的时态和语态。句意为: 预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
续。
a cold front

expect
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,
expect
是发生在现在的动作, 要用一
般现在时,故选
D
项。

答案:
D

B

is expecting

D

is expected


7
.一
When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?


Not until our plan________ by the committee


A

will be approved
C

is to approve
【答案】
D

【解析】

这题考查时态语态,
our plan

approve
是被动关系 ,用被动,选择
A

D

A
项是一般将
来时,not until
引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一般现在时或现在完成
时,选
D


B

approves

D

has been approved


8

The affairs of each country should be by its own people.

A

elected B

settled

C

developed D

contained

【答案】
B

【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决 。由句意可知,选
settle

意为

解决


elect
选举;
develop
发展;
contain
包含,控制。故选
B



9

If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.

A

is not polluted
C

had not been polluted
B

would not be polluted

D

would not have been polluted


【答案】
B

【解析】


B
句意:如果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现 在
事实相反的虚拟语气,用
would
加动词原形。


10

The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.

A

announced B

was announced C

announces D

is announced

【答案】
B

【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在< br>2017

4

1
日被官方宣
布。计划是被官方宣布 ,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选
B



11

Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.

A

design B

had designed

C

were designed D

have been designed

【答案】
C

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据
in ancient
times
可知,句子用一般过去时态,根据动词与主语是被动关系,故用一 般过去时的被动语
态,故选
C



12

It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.

A

trapped
C

had trapped
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由
were < br>saved
可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,
vis itors

trap
构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故
D< br>选项正确。

B

have been trapped

D

had been trapped


13

This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.

A

has been built B

build

C

have been built D

have built

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意:这是最 近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一
座。此处
the highest building s
是先行词,指物,复数形式,且和
build
之间是被动关系,再
根据recently
所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态,故选
C



14

Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well- educated.

A

belonging
【答案】
B

【解析】

考查短语:
belong to
属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选
B


B

belongs C

is belonging D

is belonged


15

The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.

A

treated

B

were treated

C

would treat

D

would be treated

【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。
the
guests ___ in the hotel
是定语从句
U
,修饰
The way

treat
是从句的谓语动词,
The guests

treat
之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选
B



16

People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole
nation works hard for it.

A

realizing
C

realized
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。
be difficult
to do
结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式 习惯上要用主动形式表示
被动意义。如:
She was difficult to understand at times.
有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结
构的形容词主要有
convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,
pleasant, safe, unpleasant< br>等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。
故选
D


B

to be realized

D

to realize


17

More than one worker ______ dismissed.

A

have been B

are

C

has been D

has

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】


考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果 主语由

+单数名词

构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式, 故排除
A

B


工人


“< br>解雇

之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选
C



18

The classroom ________ by students every day.

A

cleans B

cleaned

C

is cleaned D

is cleaning

【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意:教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语
The classroom< br>,单数第三
人称形式,与谓语动词
clean
之间是被动关系,再结合
every day
,可知句子用一般现在时
态的被动语态,故选
C



19

This is one of the best films _______.

A

that have been shown this year
C

that has been shown this year
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】
< br>考查定语从句和时态。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词

the one
,有最高级
the best
修饰,关系代词应该用
th at
,在从句中作主语,语境表明使
用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故
C
项正确。

B

that have shown

D

that you talked


20

in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.

A

Being dressed; pick out
C

Dressed; be picked out
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 过去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被
认出来。
b e dressed in
穿着
……
,作状语表状态,故用
dressed

sb be easy to do sth
主动形
式表达被动意思,所以用
pick out
。故
B
选项正确。

【点睛】

主动形式表被动意义的不定式

1.
主语+
be +adj. +to do


能用于此句型的形容词有
: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(
使人疲劳的
),
interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.
注意:当上述 形容词在句中作宾语补
足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

B

Dressed; pick out

D

Having dressed; pick out


2.
主语
+be +adj. + enough +to do


3.
主语
+be +too +adj. +to do


4.
不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主 语。则采用不定式的主
动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.

be
句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.


疑问代词
+
不定式

结构中。

, to blame, to seek
等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do
结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。

分析句子可知,
sb be easy to do sth
主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用
pick
out
。故
B
选项正确


21

We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case ______ from practice.

A

should theory separate
C

theory should separate
【答案】
D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们必须把我们 学到的应用到实际生活中去,因为在任何情况下理论都
不应该脱离实际。这里是
apply sth to sth

……
应用到
……

in no c ase
在从句中的句首,所
以应该用倒装,又因为
theory

s eparate
之间是被动关系,故选
D


考点:考查倒装的用法。

点评:本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目, 它们的各种情况比较多,需要
考生牢记它们的用法,但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。
即学即练:
Can you explain_______most deserts are located near the west coast of the
continents?

A. why is it that B. why it is that

C. how it is that D. how is it that

解析:
B
。句意:由句子结构可知,强调句型
“it is ...that ”
对宾语从句的引导词进行强调,应
用陈述语序,再由句意可知,选
B

B

theory should be separated

D

should theory be separated


22

Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.

A

will be repaid
C

has been repaid
【答案】
A

【解析】

试题解析:考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语
later in life
意为在以后的生活
中,可以判断为将来时态,此处要注意的是不要被前文的
now
混淆 ,
that you do now
在句
中充当
the hard work
的定语成分,与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意:不要担
心,你现在付出的努力在以后 一定会有所回报。故选
A


B

was being repaid

D

was repaid


考点:考查时态辨析。


23
.(天津)
Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the
best all-round forms of exercise.

A

regard
C

are regarded
【答案】
B

【解析】

【详解】

考查 被动语态和主谓一致。句意:现在骑自行车,慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式
之一。根据动词短语
regard…as…“

……
看作
……”
和句意确定应该 用被动语态,排除
A

D
。再根据主语部分是由介词短语
along with
连接的三个动名词做主语,应该谓语动词应该
就前一致,即用单数,排除
C
,故选
B


【点睛】

本题考查方向涉及到动词 的语态和主谓一致,首先要把握句意,判断主谓之间是主动还是
被动关系,再者就是考查学生的考虑是否 全面,即加之判断谓语动词的单复数,考查了学
生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。

B

is regarded

D

regards


24

Shakespeare’s play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years.

A

had been made
C

has been made
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态与语态。句意:在过去的几年 里,莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍
成了十部不同的电影。
over the past years
表示的是从过去到现在的动作,所以句子用现在
完成时;
Shakespe are’s play Hamlet
与谓语
make
为被动关系,因此选择现在完成 时被动语
态。故选
C


B

was made

D

would be made


25

It is ______ that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.

A

reported
【答案】
A

【解析】

【详解】

考查被动语态。句意:据报道,金融危机正在 一些国家消退。句中
It
为形式主语,
that

导的从句为主语从 句,是真正的主句的主语,所缺词为主句谓语动词,主语与动词
report
是逻辑上的动宾关 系,是动作的接受者,所以用被动语态。故选
A


B

to report C

reporting D

being reported


26

I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He

around here for a long time.


A

won't be seen
C

hasn't been seen
【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

B

wasn't seen

D

hadn't been seen

考查 过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近
露面了。根据
this morning
可知,这是过去的事情;再根据
for a long time
可知,此空是更
靠前的动作,且句子主语
He

see
之间 是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选
D



27

Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_____
before leaving their hometowns.

A

promised
C

have promised
【答案】
D

【解析】

句意为:每年大量农民工涌入深圳 ,去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此
处农民工是

被许诺工作

,需用被动语态,故排除
A

C
两项;
B
项仅 表一般过去时的被
动;
D
项表示

已经被许诺

, 故选
D


B

were promised

D

have been promised


28

This project ______ considered thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on time.

A

must be; may be
C

may be; must be
【答案】
B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这个项目应该被全面地考虑,并且我确定可以准时完成这 个项目。
should be
表示

应该

这个项目要求考虑的全面,
can be
表示

能够

有能力完成这个项目,
所以选
B


考点:考查情态动词

B

should be; can be

D

can be; should be


29

—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

A

would; was fixed
C

would have; was being fixed
【答案】
C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:
- --
我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送
他去那里呢?
---
我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示
本来想做但是没有做的事情,应 该用
would have done
;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的
B

would have; was fixed

D

did; was being fixed


时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选
C



30

The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more.

A

was broken into; is belonged to B

broke into; is belonged to

C

broke into; belonging to D

was broken into; belongs to

【答案】
D

【解析】

【详解】

考查 被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在
那里住了。第一空, 根据
last night
及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,
break
into“
破门而入

,答案为
was broken into
;第二空,
belong to“
属于

,无进行和被动语 态,
结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为
belongs to
。故选
D


数学游戏大全-若即若离是什么意思


嘴的英语-脊梁怎么读


front是什么意思-留学美国一年的费用


序齿的意思-aleck


vary什么意思-minus怎么读音


处理的读音-坟怎么读


雅的成语-lady是什么意思


鱼的成语-questionaire



本文更新与2020-10-22 00:51,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/417153.html

高考被动语态(完整版)的相关文章