高中英语名词性从句讲解

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名词性从句讲解


在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、
宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从



句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项 目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及
到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试



题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面



考查名词性从句的语序问题考查引导词 that与 what 的区别
2.1.



考查 it 在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法考查
whether 与 if 的区别4.3.



考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与no
matter+ 疑问词引导的状语从句的区别5.





6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析


一、名词性从句



主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所
起的作用 ，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从

句。



引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：



that, whether, if连接词：
（不充当从句的任何成分）



连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.



连接副词： when, where, how, why



1.
主语从句



作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that ，
whether ，if和连接代词
what ，who，which ，



whatever ， whoever 以及连接副词 how， when， where， why
等词引导。 that 在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连
接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中
充当从句的成分。例如：



What he wants to tell us is not clear.
他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。



It is known to us how he became a writer.
我们都知道他是如何成为
一名作家的。



Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.



英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。



it有时为避免句子头 重脚轻，常用形式主语
代替主语从句作形式主
语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主



语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：



+ that 名词（ 1） It + be + + that 从句It + be +形容词（ 2）
从句

动词的过去分词（ 4） It + be +（ 3） It + 不及物动词+ that从
句+ that
从句



另注意 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等
语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(shoul d)



”，常用的句型有：+do



?It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that



?It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that



?It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that



宾语从句2.
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引
导主语从句表语从句的关联词大 致一样，在


句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。



1.由连接词that
引导的宾语从句



由连接词 that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分， 在
口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，
但如从句



that , 是并列句时第二个分句前的
不可省。例如：



He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
他已经告诉我
他明天要去上海。


We must never think (that) we are good in
everything while others are good in nothing.



我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。



insist, desire, demand, request, command decide order 注意：在
demand、、 suggest 、、
等表示要求、命令、

动词原形”。例如：should ）（建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语
从句常用“ +



I insist that she (should) do her work alone.
我坚持要她自己工作。



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司令员命令部队马上出发。The commander ordered that troops
(should) set off at once.



用 who， whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how,
whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引2.


导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。



I want to know what he has told you.例如：我想知道他告诉了你什
么。



她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。She always thinks of how she can
work well.



凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。She will give whoever
needs help a warm support.



用 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不
能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether 与3.


： if whether ，不用在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下
一般只能用if



not 引导从句作介词宾语时； d. 从句后有“ or”时； e.b. 引

导表语从句时； c .引导主语从句并在句首时；a.

后接动词
不定式时。


例如：Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.



月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

Everything depends on
whether we have enough money.
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。


4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根
据自身的句子情况，而使用


不同时态。

he studies English every day.例如：
（从句用一般现在时）

he studied English last term.
（从句用一般过去时）

I know (that) he
will study English next year.
（从句用一般将来时）

he has studied
English since 1998.
（从句用现在完成时）


当主句动词是过去时态（ could, would 除外），从句则要用相应
的过去时态， 如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从
句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍 用现在时
态。

例如： The teacher told us that Tom had left us for
America．

5. think, believe, imagine, suppose
等等动词引起的否定
性 宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。

即将从句中
的否定形式移到主句中。


t think you are here.例如：We don'
我们认为你不在这。


I don 't believe he will do so.
我相信他不会这样做。


表语从句3. 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句

的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于


连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词 +
that
从句。例如：

The fact is that we have lost the game.
事实是
我们已经输了这场比赛。


t come to the meeting.'That is why he didn
那就是他为什么不到会
的原因。

It looks as if it is going to rain.
看上去天要下雨了。


thatreason 引导而不是时，表语从句要用需要注意的，当主语是
because 。例如：


The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one
minute this morning



100 题名词性从句专项练习




success was because of ________ he had been working hard.



A. thatC. the fact thatD. the factB. the fact which



“” “I don't know _______.Is Mary from New York City”2.



A. from what city does she come fromB. from what city she come



C. what city does she come fromD. what city she comes from



3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.



A. WhatB. ThatC. WhoeverD.


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Whatever



4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.



A. because I gotB. because of gettingC. I gotD.



that I got


5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.



A. whileB. thatC. ifD.



for



6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.


A. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD. he



has done so



7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.



A. how he is getting alongB. how is he getting along


D. what is he getting alongC. what he is getting along

8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she
wants.



A. howeverB. whateverC. whichever
D. whenever



9. He asked me ________ with me.



A. what is the troubleB. what wrong was



D. what trouble it isC. what was the matter



10. I am sure ________ he said is true.


A. thatB. about thatC. of thatD.



that what



11. When and why he came here ________ yet.



A. is not known B. are not knownC. has not knownD. have not bee


12. I wonder how much ________.

A. does the watch cost
B. did the watch cost



D. the watch costsC. the watch costed



13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.



A. afraid ofB. afraid aboutC. afraid thatD.


afraid for



14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.



A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes
late



D. Being a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes
late



15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.



A. that not all things can be done
B. because of not all things be done



C. being not all things can be done
D. because not all things can be

done


16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory
attendant had been careless.



A. forB. becauseC. since
D. that



17. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.



A. thatB. ifC. whatD. whether



18.—“ Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”



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—“ Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”



C. what was the roomD. what room was itA. which the roomB.
which room



19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.

A. thatB. whichC. what
D. of which


20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a
big house. Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________.



A. what little she earnsB. how little she earns



D. with little she earnsC. for little she earns



21.______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven
could play the violin so well.



A. That ?whatB. What ?thatC. That ?whichD. What ?which



gave him ________ help we could.



A. whichB. whatC. thatD. this



is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you
have told him.



A. thatB. whichC. all whatD. all that



me would you please tell me ________



A. when the sports meet is taken placeB. when is the sports meet
going to be held



D. when the sports meet is to take placeC. when is the sports meet to
begin



Do you happen to know ________25.



A. what size shoes he wearsB. how big shoes he wears



D. what number shoes are hisC. what is the size of his shoes

This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.26.



A. how you have observedB. how what you have observed



D. how that you have observedC. that you have observed



Where do you think ________27.



A. has he goneB. has he beenC. he's goneD. was he



28. Do you know ________
A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much
population there is in the world C. how many the population of the
world is
D. what the population of the world is
29. Would you go and see ________ outside



A. what to take placeB. what Tom has happened



D. what the matter had beenC. what is happening



subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him.
is_______.



A. whatB. interestingC. What is interestingD. I



31.________ I think he is Charles.



A. Who do you think he isB. Do you think who he is



D. Do you think who he isC. Whom do you think he is



He didn't know which room ________.32.



A. they livedB. they lived inC. did they liveD. did they live in

little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.



A. thatB. whichC. whateverD. no matter what



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city is no longer ________.



A. what it isB. that it used to beC. which it wasD. what itused to be



parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.



A. whichB. thatC. whatD. all what



36.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.



A. If ?doB. That ?doC. If ?doesD. That ?does



37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of



A. What ?thatB. That ?whatC. How?whyD. Why?how



38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do



A. That ?whatB. What ?thatC. Where?whichD. Which ?where



of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.



A. what thatB. that whatC. that


that

40. I
have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.


A. ifC. whetherD. which
B. that



41.—“ Do you know ________ ”

—“ His father is a doctor.”

B. who is his fatherA. what is his father


D. who his father isC. what his father is



Is this ________ we met each other two years ago42.



A. placeB. place in whichC. whereD. place which



________ Bob drives badly.



A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. thought thatD. is thought that



all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight
there are living things.



A. whereB. whereverC. thatD. that wherever



discussed ________ they could settle the problem without
others' help.



A. ifB. thatC. whatD.



whether



asked ________.



A. what I was doing when she rang me upB. what was I doing when
she rang me up



D. when did she ring me up what I was doingC. when she rang me
up what I was doing



47. —May I borrow the ring
— You can take _______ you like.

A. no matter whatB. whichC. whicheverD. that



said that he was fond of ________.



A. what beautiful isB. what is beautiful



D. what it is beautifulC. beautiful is what



insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work
there.



A. was, be sent B. is, is sentC. be, was sentD. be, send



you know ________ he expects will give us a talk



A. whoB. whomC. thatD. whose



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's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.



A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. how



They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a
holiday.52.



D. but forB. except forC. except thatA. except





________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.53.



B. No matter what is hardA. Whichever is hard



D. All what is hardC. What is hard



________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.54.

D. WhichC. HowA. ThatB. What



As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in
the park.55.



D. that we goC. should we goA. we goB. we will go



____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.56.



D. That, whatB. What, thatA. What, whatC. That, that



____ you don't like him is none of my business.57.



D. WhetherB. WhoC. ThatA. What



You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas
presents.58.



B. how excited they wereA. how they were excited



D. they were how excitedC. how excited were they



____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.59.



D. WhereC. ThatA. IfB. Whether



________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.60.



what thatD. If ??A. What ? that whatC. Why ?B. That



_________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party
committee.61.



D. WhoB. WhyC. HowA. That



_______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.62.



D. ThatC. WhatA. WhenB. Why



_______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's

meeting.63.



D. WhatA. IfB. WhereC. That



_______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.64.



D. ThisB. WhatA. HowC. Why



_______ you come or not is up to you.65.



D. WhetherC. WhyB. IfA. What



_______ makes mistakes must correct them.66.



D. AnybodyA. WhoC. WhoeverB. Anyone



_______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.67.



D. HowB. ThatA. WhichC. If



days later, word came ________our country had sent up
another man-made satellite.


D. whereB. whenA. whichC. that



problem is ________will go to the meeting.



D. whoA. whyB. whenC. what



looks _______ it were going to rain.



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A. even ifB. as ifC. even thoughD. like



is _______ he likes the place so much.

A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how



is ______ Lu Xun once lived.



A. whatB. whereC. thatD. why



thought _______ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.



A. thatB. itC. thisD. what



fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.



A. whichB. whatC. thatD. how



I'm considering now _________ the money we need.



D.A. isB. areC. were



was



you tell me __________



B. that gentleman is whoA. who is that gentleman



D. whom is that gentlemanC. who that gentleman is



________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.77.



D. WhoB. The personC. WhoeverA. Anyone



It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the
body.78.



B. thatA. that what, when, and how



D. howC. what



The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.79.

D. suchC. whatB. whichA. that



Jack was soon told ________ he did was not necessary.80.



D.A. whyB. thatC. how



why what



We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the
meeting.81.



D. XA. thatB. whatC. which



Can you point out ________ two radios are the best82.



D. whetherB. whatC. thatA. which



) are the same.录相机You will easily know ________ video
recorders (83.



D. which of thoseA. what thoseB. that of thoseC. that all of



________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.84.



D. WhenA. IfB. WhetherC. What



I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________
she was an actress.85.



thatA. who ??C. what ?B. who ?thatXXD. how



She took it for granted ________ I'd be back home an hour ago.86.



D. whenC. ifB. whetherA. that



We think it possible ________ the local government will be able to
solve the housing problem.87.



D.C. whenB. thatA. for

how



) under the heavy traffic.沉下Now there is a danger ________ the
ground may fall in (88.



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A. whetherB. ifC. XD. that



that time I had no idea ________ I could hand it to him
without being seen.



A. ifB. howC. whichD. that how



Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared
yet.



A. that he would comeB. that he will come



D. whether he would comeC. he will come to see me



Sunday he made a promise ________ he was free he would
take me to Qingdao.



A. ifB. thatC. that ifD. whether





you have any idea ________



A. when Miss Smith will arriveB. when will Miss Smith arrive



D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrivedC. how will Miss Smith arrive



93.I have almost forgotten ________.

A. how Mr. Taylor's likeB. what Mr. Taylor's face is like



D. which Mr. Taylor's face is likeC. what Mr. Taylor's face is



true value of life is not in ________, but ________.



?that you giveB. which you got what you giveA. how you get



D. what do yo u get ?what do you give?what you giveC. what
you get



you know ________



A. what is this used forB. what this is used for



D. that this is used forC. which this is used



96.________ surprised me most was ________.



A. That ?that she spoke Japanese so wellB. What ?how co uld she
speak Japanese so well



D. That ?C. What ?that she spoke Japanese so wellwhy she could
speak Japanese so well



97.________ is to dance.



A. That interests Mary reallyB. Which really interests Mary.



D. What really interest MaryC. What really interests Mary



were greatly amused by ________.



A. what you have told usB. which you had told us



D. that you told usC. what you told us



computers are different from ________.



A. that we expectedB. what we expected

D. what we expectC. which we have expected



100. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.



A. That ?that you had expectedB. What ?that you had expected



D. What ??C. That what you had expectedwhat you had expected





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61-65
DABCD
66-70CACDB 71-75 CBBCA76-80 CCCCD



81-85 BADBC91-95 CABCB86-90 ABDBA
96-100 CCCBD

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