procedure什么意思啊-cts是什么意思
高考英语名词性从句及语法填空
由一个主句和一个或一个以上
的从句构成的句子叫复合句.名词性从句在复合句中起名词的
作用,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从
句、同位语从句四大类,在句中分别用作主语、
宾语、表语和同位语.
引导名词性从句的关联词
A.that
连词that本身没有意义,在从句中不担任任何句子成分,在宾语从句中有时可省略.
I
hear (that) he has joined the football club.
我听说他已经加入了足球俱乐部.
That light travels in
straight line is known to all. 众所周知,光是以直线传播的.
B.whether和if
连词whether和if本身有意义(解释是否),在从句中不可省略.
1.whether可以连接所有的名词性从句,而if只能引导宾语从句.
I didn't
know whether he would attend the concert.
我并不知道他是否参加音乐会.(宾语从句,
可用if代替whether)
The
question is whether it s worth trying.
问题是值不值得试一试.(表语从句,不可用if代替
whether)
她来不来都没有关系.(主语从句,不可用if代替whether)
He must
answer the question whether he agrees to it or
not. 他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一
个问题.(同位语从句,不可用if代替whether)
2.whether引导的宾语从句可作介的宾语,而if则不能.
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It all depends on whether they will
support us. 这完全取决于他们是否支持我们.(不用if)
Ryan was
worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings.
瑞恩担心是否伤害了她的感情.
3.if既可引导语从句,也可引导宾语从句.如果用if会引起
歧义,应避免使用if,而用
whether.
Please let me know
if you want to join us. 请告诉我你是否想加入我们.(if表示是否)
Please let me know if you want to join us.
如果你想加入我们的话,请告诉我一声.(if表示如
果)
Please let me
know whether you want t join us.
请告诉我你是否想加入我们.(为避免引起歧
义,用whether)
C.who,
whom, whose, what, which
连接代词who, whom,
whose, what,
which等在从句中既起连接作用,同时又担当主语、宾
语、定语、表语等成分.
No
one knows who he was waiting for. 没人知道他当时在等谁.
We are worrying about what we should do next.
我们正在为下一步该怎么办而烦恼.
Tell me whose house it is.
告诉我这是谁的家.
Let me know which train you will
be arriving on. 告诉我你将乘哪列火车到达.
D.where, when,
how, why
连接副词where, when, how,
why等在从句中既是连接词,又作状语.
I don't know where we
are going to have the meeting.我不知道我们将在哪儿开会.
She always thinks of how she can work well.
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好.
What I am anxious to know is
when we can visit the museum.
我急于知道我们什么时候能参观
博物馆.
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比较:
when引导的时间状语从句和名词性从句中的不同时态.
Please let
me know when you arrive.
你到的时候,请告诉我一声.(when引导时间状语从句,
从句中用一般现在时来表示将来.)
Please let me know when you will arrive.
请告诉我你什么时候到.(when引导宾语从句,从句
中用一般将来时.)
E.whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, whosever
连接代词whoever = anyone who任何人, 无论谁;whatever
=anything that凡是...,无论什
么;whichever = anything
that无论那一个, 任何一个;whomever = anyone whom
(whoever的
宾格形式).
不论谁来参加这个俱乐部都欢迎.
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing
well.凡是值得做的就值得做好.
They ate whatever they
could find o the deserted island. 他们在荒岛找到什么就吃什么.
You may do whatever you will. 你可做任何你想做的事.
I'll take whichever book interests
me.我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书.
Whosever book is overdue
will be fined. 不管谁的书过期未还都要被罚款.
比较:
连接代词whoever在宾语从句中作主语,whomever作宾语从句中宾语.
You
may offer he book to whoever wants it. 你可把这本书给任何想要
的人.(此句中不能使用
whomever,因为whoever在宾语从句中作wants
it的主语)
You may offer the book to whomever
you like.你可把这本书给任何你喜欢的人.(whomever在
宾语从句中作you
like的宾语)
一.填上适当的关系代词或关系副词
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1. _______caused the accident was a man
lying on the ground.
2. _______will go makes
no difference
3. ________your daughter lovers
is very clear
4. ________wallet was stolen
must be made clear
5. ________he left his wife
cut her to the heart
6. _________we go there
remain to be decided
7. _________you uncle
will arrive was not mentioned in his letter.
8. ________you went there alone must be
explained
9. I’ll take back ________I said
10. I’m satisfied ________he did
11. Tell
us _________you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of
time
’s________ I praise you
is
__________two thirds of the earth’s surface is
made up of vast oceans
season_________ you
went to the park was that you want to visit her
was ________the Chinese began to make
paper
problem________ should be our mornitor
is not decided
have no information _________
he was alive
is another proof_________ he
killed a man
professor gave orders
___________the test be finished before 6 o’clock
二.语法填空
(一)
I read a report last
night. It says 1_________ a lot of people died in
2______ traffic accident. But I
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forget 3_________ the accident happened
last Sunday. 4 _________ astonished me most is
5__________ some babies lost 6________ lives.
However, I don't know 7___________ the
government has taken some measures to deal
with 8______. In my opinion, 9_____ accident has
taught us a lesson 10__________we should obey
the traffic rules.
(二)
Body language is
used every single day by people of different
nationalities all over the world. It is
a
language _1________ words that consists of
gestures, facial expressions and body _2_______
(move) that greatly add to --- and sometimes
even replace--- _3________ (speak) language.
Body language _
People often use body
language 5________ purpose. Someone who does not
know the answer to a
question will move their
shoulders upwards away from their upper body and
then let them fall,
6________(mean), “I don’t
know”. 710_______ they are feeling. Body language
can therefore make
people’s feelings more
transparent as although we can lie with words, it
is not as easy to do so with
our bodies.
(三)
In the United States, there were 222
people ____1____ (report) to be billionaires(亿万富翁)
in
2003. The ____2_____(rich) of these is Bill
Gates, worth at least $$ 41 billion, who made his
money ____345__ the time he was 31.
____6____ , there are still some other people who
have made lots of money at even ____7____
(young) ages. Other young people who have been
struck rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley
Temple. ____8____ of these child actors made
over a million dollars ___9____ (act) in movies
before they were 14. But ___10___ youngest
billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of
Germany,
who, in 2001, inherited
参考答案
一.填上适当的关系代词或关系副词
1.What r
er
12why e
5 6
r
(一) 2.a
3. where 4. What 6. their 7. whetherif 9.
the 10. that
(二)1.Without nts 3. spoken
4. is used 5. on 6. meaning 7. However 8.
who
that 9. an 10. how
(三)1. reported
2. richest 3. by 5. by 6. However 7. younger
8. Both9. acting 10. the
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