高中数学视频-掸的意思
名词性从句
一、名词性从句的种类
名词性从句一共有三种: that从句
、whether(if)从句、疑问词所引导的从句;名词性从句具有
名词的功能,可充当句子主语、
宾语、表语、同位语,用名词性从句充当这几种成分,称为
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
。
二、that从句
任何一个陈述句前面冠子that,即为that从句:
He doesn't believe my words.(句子)→ that he
doesn't believe my words.(名词性从句)
He enjoys
dancing.(句子)→ that he enjoys dancing(名词性从句)
There is a lot of work to do.(句子)→ that there
is a lot of work to do.(名词性从句)
三、whether从句
本从句系由一般疑问句演变而来。
1.问句有be动词时,主语与be动词还原,前面冠以
whether(if):
Is he happy?(句子)→ whether he is
happy(名词性从句)(他是否快乐)
2.问句有一般助动词(can、 will、may、
should、 ought to、must、have)时
主语与助动词还原,前面冠以
whether
Can he do it?(句子)→ whether he can do
it(名词性从句)(他是否能做这件事)
Has he done it→ whether he
has done it(他是否已做好此事)
3.问句有do、does、did等助动词时主语与
助动词还原,再将do、does、did去掉,后面的
动词依人称和时态变化
Did he
come?(问句)→ whether he did come→ whether he
came(名词性从句)(他是否来了)
Does he like it?→
→
四、疑问词从句
本从句系由疑问词( when what、how、
where、why)等引导的特殊疑问句变化而成,这种由
疑问词引导的问句称为特殊疑问句。
1.问句有be动词时,前面保留疑问词,变为陈述语序
What is he
doing?(问句)→ what he is doing(名词性从句)
2.问句有一般助动词时,前面保留疑问词,变为陈述语序
Where can he
find it?(问句)→ where he can find it(名词性从句)
<
br>3.问句有do、does、did等助动词时,主语与助动词还原,前面保留疑问词,再将do、doe
s、
did去掉,动词依人称和时态变化。
What did he
write?(问句)→what he did write→ what he wrote(名词性从句)
When did he come?(问句)→when he did come→
How does he do it?(问句)→how he does do it→
*注意:who what、
which(哪一个)为疑问代词,若在问句中作主语,变成名词性从句时,结构不
变
Who
came here?(问句)→ who came here(名词性从句)
What
happened last night?→ what happened last night
Which was bought?→ which was bought
五、名词性从句的功能
名词性从句乃由句子或问句变化而成,名可性从句也要被视为名词。由
于具有名词的特性,
故可作主语、宾语或在be动词之后作表语、同位语,用名词性从句充当这几种成分
,称为
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
1.名词性从句作主语
That honesty is the best policy is a
proverb(which) we should always keep in mind.
Where he lives is still in doubt.
Whether
he can do it remains to be seen.(他能胜任与否仍有待观察。)
名词性从句作主语时容易造成主语太长的现象,因此亦可用形式主语代替,置于句首,而被
代替的名词
性从句则置于句尾。故可改写为:
It is a proverb(which) we
should always keep in mind that honesty is the
best policy.
2.名词性从句作及物动词的宾语
I know that
he will go abroad in the near future.
I wonder
whether he has finished the work.
I don't know
how he'll handle it.
3.名词性从句作介词的宾语 : 此时仅能用
whether从句或疑问词引导的名词性从句作宾
语。that从句不可作介词的宾语。
I am worried about whether he can do it.
I'm curious about how he'll cope with the
problem.
I am sure of that the team has
won the game. ( X)
4.遇有介词,且非要使用that从句时,其补救方法如下:
(1)介词+ the
fact+that从如此,就可用 the fact作介词的宾语,而that从句就成了 the
fact
的同位语
I am sure of the fact that the
team has won the game.
I am worried about the
fact that he doesn't study.
(2)保留介词,不加
the fact,但介词之后的that从句要做下列变化:
第一步:除去that
第二步:that后的主语变成所有格;
第三步:动词变成动名词
I am
worried about that he plays around all day.
→his playing
→I am worried about his
playing around all day.
(a)that从句若有助动词do、
does, did时,予以去掉即可。
I am worried about that he
doesn't stydy.
→his not studying
→I am
worried about his not studying.
(b)that从句若有助动词will或 would时,予以去掉即可
I am
sure of that the team will win the game.
→the
team's winning
→I am sure of the team's
winning the game.
(3)be+adj.+that从句
也就是去掉介词,将that从句放在形容词后面,作其宾语。
I am worried
abut that he plays around all day.
→I am
worried that he plays around all day.
I
am sure of that the team has won the game.
→I
am sure that the team has won the game.
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
1.________is unimportant to me. (Does she
come?)
2.________remains uncertain.
(Shall we have the match?)
3.I
wonder_______. (Should we wait for him?)
4.No one knows exactly_______. (Is there life
on other planets?)
5.I am interested in
the question_______. (Will people live on the moon
someday?)
6.My question is_______. (Do we
have enough time to go to the movie?)
7.Do you know______? (Does sound travel faster
than light?)
8.I don't know_______. (How
old is he?)
9._______was interesting.
(What was he talking about?)
10.Do you
know_______? (What's on TV tonight?)
11.Please tell me________. (Where do you
live?)
12.I wonder_______. (Why did
dinosaurs become extinct?)
13._______wasn't true. (What did she say?)
14._______is true. (What did he tell
you?)
15._______is still a mystery. (Why
did they refuse to cooperate with us?)
16.Do you know______? (When are they coming?)
17.I can't remember_______. (How much
does it cost?)
18.Let's ask him_______.
(Which book does he want?)
19.I don't
know_______. (Who is coming to the party?)
20.I don't know_______. (Who are those
people?)
21.Do you know_______? (Whose
pen is this?)
22._______is a
secret. (Why did they leave the country?)
23._______is none of your business. (Where did
she go?)
24._______will be forever etched
in our memories. (What happened on the morning of
September 11? )
25.I don't
remember_______. (How many letters are there in
the English alphabet?)
26.I need to find
out_______. (How old does a person have to be to
get a driver's license?)
27.The little
boy wants to know_______. (Do animals have the
same emotions as human
beings?)
28.The little boy wants to know_______. (Why
is the water of the sea salty?)
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