高考英语名词性从句讲解

高考英语名词性从句讲解
一、概念：
名词性从句相当于名词词组，在复合句中起名词性作用。
分类：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的 1）连接词：that, whether, if;
2）关系代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever,
whichever;
3) 关系副词：when, where, how, why.
二、要点 ：
人 物
主语 ： who, whoever what, whatever
宾语： whom, whomever what, whatever
名词性从句 表语： whom what
定语：which what whose
状语when where why how whenever however wherever
不做成份：that ifwhether as if as though

三、基础知识学习：
1主语从句: 主语从句是在复合句中代替作主语的名词, 充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓
语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

引导的主语从句
①句首
That a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year and a half is estimated.
That he misunderstood me is obvious.
That引导主语从句，放句首，不做任何成分，不可省略。

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②用形式主语it来引导句子
A. that引导主语从句放句首时，有时会为了避免头重脚轻，保持句子平衡，常用it做形式主语，把真正的that引导的主语从句放句后。
It is strange that he made no answer.
It is known to all that the earth is round.

B. 用it做形式主语的主语从句结构
注意：i. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句 ，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变
化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行 强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都
可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用whowhom。例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
ii. whoever, whatever, whichever等词可以引导主语从句,
但no matter who, no matter what 等不能.
Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.
试比较：Whoever breaks the schools rules, he must be punished.
=No matter who breaks the school rules, he must be punished.

1、It + be + 名词 + that从句
It is a fact that---事实上…
It is a pity that ---可惜的是…
It is a question that---…是个问题
It is a honor that---…非常荣幸
It is a shame that---…真是可耻
It is common knowledge that--- 毫不奇怪的是…

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2、It + be + adj. + that从句
It is certain that---很肯定…
It is natural that---很自然…
It is obvious that---很显然…
It is clearevident that ---很清楚…
It is fortunate that---很幸运…
It is better that---最好…
It is likely probably possible that---很有可能…
3、It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句
It is said that---据说…
It is believed that---人们认为…
It is reported that--- 据报道…
It is not known that---….不为人知
It is to be discussed that—…要讨论
It has been proved that---…已证明
It must be pointed out that---必须指出…
It is estimated that---据估计…
4、It + 动词 + that从句
It seems that---好像是…
It happened that---碰巧…
It turned out that---结果…
It follows that---由此可见…
It matters that---要紧的是…
It occurred to me that ---我想到…
It struck me that---我想到…

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5、 主语从句中的虚拟语气
It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted， desirable, advisable,
imperative…….that-clause
It is important, necessary, natural, strange……that-clause
It is a pity, a shame, no wonder……that-clause
Is it necessary that he (should) take the examination?
It is strange that he (should) tell you this. A. would tell

2. wh- 引导的主语从句
①句首
How the prisoner escaped is a mystery.
What he need is more experience.

②用形式主语it来引导句子
It has not been decided yet whether she will go by bus or by train.
It is not very clear what they are talking about.


活学活用一
1. It has been proved _______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious
illness in later life.
2. you can’t make great progress in the language learning has something to do with
your vocabulary.
3. It has come to be realized ______ particular matters in the air expose us to life’s real danger.
4. ______ I can’t understand is why the illegal cooking oil, mostly made from discarded (被弃
的)kitchen waste, is difficult to detect and identify efficiently.

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5. _________ countries having great difficulties in economy right now need most of all is
financial aid rather than lecturing.


2)表语从句：表语从句和 主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合 句中的表语，一般结构是“主语十连系动
词+表语从句”。
可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。
1. The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.
2. The question remains whether we can win the people.

1. that 引导的表语从句
The fact is that he didn’t notice the car till too late.
One advantage of living in the country is that one can get close to nature.
2. wh- 疑问词引导的表语从句
The problem is how we can keep in touch with them.
This was why the complained about the assignments.
表语从句注意点
(1) 表语从句一律用陈述句的语序.
(2) 表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略.
(3) 表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if 引导.
(4) 不要使用 The reason … is because that … 句型, 应使用 The reason… is that… 或 This
it thatis because…等句型.
(5) 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要
用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

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活学活用二
1. It’s not important whether you win or not. What really matters is __________ you play the
game.
2. The question to be discussed is _______ we can make our efforts rewarded.
3. “Giving is _____ fuels us,” says Mycoskie. “Giving is our future. It’s the centre of our
business, and it’s time we celebrate it.”
4. ______ I can’t understand is why the illegal cooking oil, mostly made from discarded (被弃
的)kitchen waste, is difficult to detect and identify efficiently.

3) 同位语从句
同位语从句是与先行词同位或同等的从句，先行词常为名词如news, fact, truth,
conclusion, hope, decision, belief, opinion, view, feeling, suggestion, proposal, etc.
注意：同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。
例如：
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening.
Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15, 2003.
1. that引导的同位语从句
有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句：
We came to the decision that we must act at once.
He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.
There was little hope that he would survive.
The fact that his health is falling is not true.
I doubt the report that the ship sank on its first voyage.


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以下名词常用于以上句型：
advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation,
fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order,
probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought,
warning, wish, word

2. wh-引导的同位语从句
I have no idea how soon they are coming.
Have you any idea where there are having a rehearsal?

3. 同位语从句的割裂
有时同位语从句不是紧跟在与之同位的名词之后，而是被某些成分隔开。
Evidence that he committed the crime came up.
Evidence came up that he committed the crime.
Word came that their team had won the match.
draw
come to a conclusion
arrive at
reach
The conclusion that which X the police came to that Tom committed the crime didn’t satisfy
us.

4. 同位语从句的虚拟语气
在suggestion, advice, request, order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中
的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。例如：
Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer.
The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted.

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活学活用三
1. Evidence came up ___________ specific speech sounds were recognized by infants as young
as two months old.
2. Many experts stick to the view ______teacher development is the key to the education quality.
long-held belief _____ certain foods increase intelligence has turned out to be a
disappointment.
it comes to mental health, the fact is sometimes neglected ______ more and more
teachers are under great pressure.
5. More teens begin to realize the basic principle _______ there is more to a person than physical
beauty.

4) 宾语从句
1. that引导的宾语从句（that可省略）
I hope that you will enjoy your stay here.
(suggest, demand, insist, order 虚拟) suggest that sb. (should) do

2. wh-引导的宾语从句
She asked what second language I was studying then.
I wonder if whether there is any need to spend so much money on the party.
She will write a book on how young mothers should raise their babies.

3. 宾语从句的语序：陈述句（连接词+主语+谓语）
He asked what had happened.
He didn’t know what was the matter what was wrong.

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4. 两个宾语从句
And but 两个that分别同时作句子的宾语时，第二个that通常不省略。
He said (that)…… and that……
They believed (that) land did not belong to people but that people belong to land.

5. doubt后面的从句
doubt(肯定) + whether wh- when
don’t doubt + that
There is no doubt that

6. 介词后面的宾语从句
that通常不能跟在介词后面做宾语，但是在介词in, except, besides, but, save 之后可跟that
从句。in that (因为，在……方面)，except that (除了), besides that (除了), but that (要不是),
save that (除了), etc.
I know nothing about the man except that he is an Indian.
Criticism is necessary in that it helps to correct our mistakes.

7. 宾语从句的疑问词提前
Do you know how hold I am?
How old do you think I am?
do you think, do you suggest, do you imagine, do you expect, do you guess, do you
assume, etc.
What do you suppose we should do with the pollution?

8）宾语从句中的虚拟语气: 在动词 （大都表示“要求、建议、命令”意义）suggest, order, demand,

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request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后
需用 should 型的虚拟语气。
he teacher demanded that the work (should) be finished before 4 o’clock.
He suggested that she (should) have an operation at once.
? 注意suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，主从句时态相
应一致，不用虚拟语气。
What he said suggested he was a doctor.
He insisted that what he said was right.

活学活用四
1. It is not alwayss easy for the public to see ____________ use a new invention can be of to
human life.
2. It even leaves the scientists in wonder _____ they should call the newly-born creature, which
looks half-human and half-animal.
3. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained in the World Expo site.
4. Consumers are getting more sensible and buy only _____ they need in spite of all the
advertisements they see.
5. Chinese medical experts have warned _____ antibiotics(抗生素) have been “heavily
overused” at hospitals, which might cause serious side- effects.
manager seems never to be satisfied with ______ the company has achieved.
7. The manager will put ______ he thinks has a strong sense of duty in the leadership position.
8. Deep in the Atlantic Ocean, explorers have found may be the most valuable sunken
treasure in history.
9. Recently, the Chinese government gave some examples of _______ Dalai Lama’s visiting
foreign countries had affected China.
10. How we express our ideas sometimes means more than _____ we mean to say.
11. They wonder _____ someone who wants to be a telecom engineer should study subjects such

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as history, literature, philosophy, etc.
12. Best-selling author and race car driver Han Han offered a 20 million RMB reward to
________ could prove his works were ghostwritten (代笔)。

强化练习

一．填写合适的关系词。
also starred in ______is called Snow White and the Huntsman.
2. After giving the card, I realized______ powerful the sentence “thank you” is.
3. He said Bonnie didn’t bark or bite like a guard dog, but _____ she behaved was enough to alert
him.
4. Of course, I wasn't signed, but______hurt the most was being told that if I grew to 1．75 meters
I could be a success．
5. Large amounts of sea ice loss could change______air circulates in the atmosphere.
6. It is essential for you to know why you are speaking and ______you wish to accomplish by
your speech.
7. But _____ I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas.
8. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think ______ to make a grand entrance at
the party.
9. It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than $$ 3million—they
were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on_____ was left of the family farm.
10. The disadvantage of paying less attention to a minor subject, according to Li, is
___________ students may not get a comprehensive understanding of the subject.
11. Her friends told her it was ____ she had moved to America.
12. Then he asked her____ there were any big problems in her life.
13. But, in reality, we have complete control over ____ we spend our time.

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14. Knowing ______ education means to a person, he devoted a lot of energy and money to
building schools.
15. Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so
he got out of bed to see _____ she was so excited.
16. When you talk with someone unknown on the Internet, you have no idea at all what kind of
person he is and ______ he is telling you the truth.

答案：
活学活用一: that, that, that, that, that
活学活用二: that, that, that, what, What
活学活用三: how, how, what, what
活学活用四: what, what, what, what, that, what, whoever, what, how, what, why, whoever
强化练习: 1-5: what, how, how,what, how; 6-10:what;what;how;what; that;
11-15: because; whether; how; what; why 16: whether




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