初中思想品德论文-戛然而止拼音
名词性从句专项复习
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个
句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词因此,
这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分
为三类:
连接词that,whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)
连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, which.
连接副词:when, where, how, why
名词性从句连接词的选用
(一) that 和 what的选用:
that 和
what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是,what除起连接作用外,还在名词性从句中充当成
分,可做
从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。
that
what
1.______ he wants is a book.
2.
______ he wants to go there is obvious.
result is ______ we won the game.
is _____ we
want to know.
_____ he told us true ?
should pay attention to ______ the teacher is
saying.
7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
(二) if 和whether 的选用
不能使用if 的情况:
a.
主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句
d. 介词后的宾语从句e. whether to
do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.
f .whether or not
连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
1. I asked her __________ she
had a bike.
2.______ we will hold a party in
the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
6. The question is _________ he should do it.
doctor can hardly answer the question ______
the old man will recover soon.
8. I don’t know
_______ to go.
(三)其它连接代词和副词的连用
主要根据名词性从句中的
具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how
等连接
词,这些连接词既具有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。
我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。
________ we shall hold our
sports meeting is not decided.
我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。
I don’t know _________ broke the glass
yesterday.
我不知道他长的什么样子。
I have no idea
_________ he looks like.
这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。
This
is _________ I left my glasses.
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(四)引导词that 的省略
that 可省略的情况:
单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况:
a. 主语从句
b.表语从句
c.同位语从句
d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
e.
并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的,引导词that 不能省略
1.I don’t think
________ she is coming.
is a pity ________ he
has made such a mistake.
reason is _________
he is careless .
news ________ our team won
the match inspired us.
5.I don’t think it
necessary _________ you should read English aloud.
told me __________ his father had died and
__________ he had to make a living alone.
五、同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式:n.+ 连接词 + 从句
2.能接同位语从句的名词有:fact、idea, news, information,
order, belief, suggestion, advice
等.
3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when,
where 等来引导同位语从句.
1. I have no idea _________
he comes from.
2. He can’t answer the question
________ he got the money.
gave us many
suggestions ________ we should get up earlier and
take more exercise.
4.I have no doubt ________
he will win.
5. I have some doubt ________ he
will win.
(六)同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语,
它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用,
而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分
,充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。
2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明,表明中心词
的具体内容。引导同位语从句的
that
在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
1).We
expressed the hope that they had expressed.
2). We expressed the hope that they would come
to China again.
1).The information has been
announced that more middle school graduates will
be admitted
into university.
2).The
information that he revealed at the meeting is of
great value.
3.名词demand, suggestion, proposal,
advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为
should + do,
should 可省略
He gave me a suggestion that I (
should ) be calm now.
(七)注意宾语从句中的时态呼应
当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。
例如:
I
know (that) he studies English every day.
(从句用一般现在时)
I know (that)he studied English
last term. (从句用一般过去时)
I know (that) he will
study English next year. (从句用一般将来时)
he has
studied English since 1998. (从句用现在完成时)
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当主句动词是过去时态(could,
would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态
例如:
The teacher told
us that Tom had left us for America.(从句用过去完成时)
The teacher told us that Tom was
sleeping.(从句用过去进行时)
总结:主句:现在时,从句:啥时态都可;
主句:过去时,从句:过去时
Practice:
1. It now appears
______ they are in need of help.
A. that
B. which C. what D. how
2. It is good
news ______ they will arrive in a few days.
A. which B. what C. that D. how
3. This is ______ she was born.
A. where
B. which C. that D. what
4. The
question is ______ we can’t go there today.
A. that B. what C. which D.
when
5. The question is ______ it is worth
doing.
A. if B. whether C. which
D. what
6. The reason he has made such great
progress is _______ he has never wasted his time.
A. because B. why C. that D.
what
7. My suggestion is ______ we should turn
the land into rice fields.
A. what B.
that C. which D. where
8. His
proposal is that the dam ______ at the foot of
the mountain.
A. build B. will build C.
be built D. will be built
9. We all know
the truth _____ the earth goes round the sun.
A. that B. which C. what D.
whether
10. We heard the news ______ our team
had won.
A. which B. that C. what
D. where
11. The problem ______ it is right or
wrong has not yet been decided.
A. which
B. that C. whether D. if
12. You
must do well ______ the teacher asks you to do.
A. which B. what C. that D.
where
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