fable-自费留学
高考热点语法教案--名词性从句
知识要点：
1、熟悉并掌握各个连接词、关系代词和连接副词的用法。
2、熟悉并掌握复合句即名词性从
句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句），
定语从句和状语从句。
什么叫复合句
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全
句的主
体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。
从句通常是用关联词来引导的。在这里关联词还起联系从句和主句的作用。
主从复合句（Complex Sentences）
一、从句的种类：
主语从句（Subject Clauses）
1、名词性从句 表语从句（Predicative
Clauses）
Noun Clauses 宾语从句（Object Clauses）
同位语从句（Appositive Clauses）
2、定语从句
（Attributive Clauses）
3、状语从句 （Adverbial
Clauses）
注：以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有：
（1）It + be + 形容词 + that从句
（2）It
+ be + 名词词组 + that从句
（3）It + be + 过去分词 +
that从句
（4）It seem, happen等不及物动词 + that从句
二、常用的关联词
1、从属连词
that（无词义）；whether是否；if假如，是否
although(though)虽然；because因为
when当…时候；before在…前；after在…后
since既然，自从；as正如，尽管，一边，由于；while在…期间
as soon
as一…就；as long as只要；as if好像
2、连接代词 who, whom,
which, what, whose
3、连接副词 when,
where, why, how
4、关系代词 who, whom, whose,
which, that
5、关系副词 when, where, why
1、主语从句：
种类
连
关联词
that
例 句
说 明
That he will come and help you is
certain. that在句首不可省去
他来帮助你是确实无疑的。
词
whether Whether there is life on the moon is an
主语从句中只能用
interesting question.
月球上有没有生命是个whether不可用if。
有趣的问题。
主 连
接
who
what
which
What he wants to
tell us is not clear. 他要跟
我们说什么，还不清楚。
语
代
词
从 连
接
Who will win the match
is still unknown. 谁 主语从句放在句首，句
子常显得笨重，因此一般
whatever 能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
when
where
why
how
It is known to us how he became a
writer. 把它移到句子后面，前面
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
用引导词“it”来作形式主
句 副
词
Where the English
evening will be held has 语。
not yet been
announced. 英语晚会将在哪里
举行，还没有宣布。
2、宾语从句：
种类
陈述
意义
关联词
that
例 句 说 明
I believe(that) he is
honest. 我相信他 that在句中不担任任何
是忠诚的。
成分，在口语或非正式的
We must never think(that) we are
good in 文体中常被省去，但如从
everything while others are
good in 句是并列句时,第二个分
nothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都句前的that不可省。
好，别人什么都不好。
宾
疑问
意义
if
I wonder whether he
will come or not. whether常与or
not连
我想知道他来还是不来。 用，不能用if代替。
种类
关联词
whether
例 句 说 明
Everything depends on whether we 作介词宾语要用
have
enough money. 一切要看我们是否whether不能用if。
有足够的钱。
I don’t know if(whether) it is
interesting. 我不知道它是否有意思。
He doesn’t
care if it isn’t a fine day.
他从句是否定句时一般用if
不在乎天气是否好。 引导。
语 特殊who, whom,
Please tell me what you want. 请告诉
宾语从句作及物动词
疑问which,whose,我你需要什么？
意义 what,
when,
where, why,
She always thinks of
how she can
work well.
她总是在想怎样能把工作做
宾语也可做介词的宾语。
how,whoever, 好。
whatever,
whichever
She will give
whoever needs help a
warm support.
凡需要帮助的人，她都会
给予热情的支持。
从 注1 We must make
it clear that anyone who 如果宾语从句后面有
breaks the
law will be punished.
我们必宾语补足语，则用it作形
须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩式宾语，将从句后置。
罚。
句 注2 We don’t think you are here.
我们认为 think, believe, imagine,
你不在这。
suppose等动词引出的宾
I don’t believe he will do so.
我相信他语从句，要将从句中的否
不会这样做。
3、表语从句：
种类
表
连
关联词
that
例 句 说 明
定形式，移动主句中。
The problem is(that) they
can’t get here early enough.
在非正式的文
体中that可以省
去。
词 whether
问题是他们不能很早到达这里。
as if It looks as if it’s
going to rain. 看起来天要下雨。
语
从
连
接
代
词
who
what
That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。 表语从句位于
The question is who(which of you) will be the next
主句系动词之后
which speaker. 问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。
句
连
接
副
词
when This is where our
problem lies. 这就是我们的问题
where 所在。
why
how
That is why he didn’t come to the
meeting. 那就是
他为什么不到会的原因。
4、同位语从句：
种类
关联词 例 句 说 明
同 由连词 The news that he
had landed on the moon spread 同位语从句说明其
位
that引导，all over the world.
他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传前面的名词的具体内
语 不担任成遍世界。
容，常用的名词如：
从 分，也可有 I have no idea when he will
come back home. 我fact, news, idea, hope,
句
when, how, 不知道他什么时候回来。 thought,question, order,
doubt, word, where等引 The thought came to him
that Mary had probably fear,
导。 fallen ill.
他想到可能玛丽生病了。
He must answer the question
whether he agrees to
it or not.
他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问
题。
proof，
belief, story等。
名词性从句包括四种从句即主语从句、表词从句、宾语从句和同位词
从句。名词性从句
的特点：that 、who、 whom、 what 、whether及
when、 where引导名词性从句时必须是
陈述句词序：
1、主词从句：
That light travels in straight
line is known to all .
(That 引导主语从句不可省）
When the plan is to take off hasn’t been announced
．
主语从句通常以it 做形主语出现
It was my fault that I had him play football
all afternoon.
It is important that we should
go to the school to talk with the teacher.
2、表语从句，即名词性从句放在表语位置就是表语从句，需要注意的，主语
是
reason时，表语要用that引导而不是because．
The
reason why he was late was that he missed the
train by one minute this morning .
3、宾语从句that
常可以省略，并且注意时态呼应，当主句为过去时时，从句
时态一定往前推移，不可出现现在时或现在完成时。
The teacher
told us that Tomo had left us for America．
4、同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在
从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置如：
The idea that
one can do the work without thinking is wrong．(
同位idea在从句中
无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容）。
The idea that you put forward at the meeting is
wrong ．(定语从句，idea做put forward 的
宾语)。
【专项训练】
1．I wonder how much
．
A．cost these shoes
C．these shoes cost
B．do these shoes
cost
D．are these shoes cost
2．Nobody knew
．
A．where he comes
B．where he was from
D．where does he come
from C．where he is from
3．Excuse me ,would
you please tell me ．
A．when the
sports meet will be taken place ．
B．when was
the sports meet going to be held．
C．when is
the sports meet to begin ．
D．when the sports
meet is to take place ．
4．Computers can only
give out has been stored in them .
A．that
C．what
B．which
D．anything
5．She wanted to know
．
A．whether I knew her and where
did she work
B．if I knew her and the factory
she worked there
C．whether I knew her and the
factory she worked
D．if I knew her and the
factory where she worked
6．My friend wouldn’t
tell me his new car ．
A．how much he
paid for
C．he paid how much for
B．how much did he pay
D．did he pay how
much
7．A simple experiment shows
air has some strength ．
A．what
C．which
B．that
D．who
8．He you are
not going abroad．
A．surprised that
C．surprised at
B．is surprised that
D．is surprised
whether
9．Father asked ．
A．what was wrong with me
C．what wrong was
with me
B．what’s wrong with me
D．what wrong is with me
10．It doesn’t
matter I rest or not ．
A．if
C．that
B．whether
D．when
11．The trouble is we are short of tools
．
A．what
C．how
B．that
D．why that
12．That is there appears a rainbow
in the sky ．
A．what
C．why
B．when
D．however
13． I can’t understand
is he wants to change his mind．
A．That , that
C．What , what
B．Which , what
D．What, why
14．It is possible
he misunderstood I said．
A．that
,that B．what, what
C．what , that D．that , what
15．The thought he might fail in the
exam worried him ．
A．which
B．that
D． C．when
16．The fact he is an orphan is well
known．
A．what
C．which
B．that
D．
17．
I was free that evening
A．It happened to
C．That happened
B．It happened that
D．It was happened that
18． I will accept the gift is none of
your business．
A．If
C．What
B．Whether
D．Which
19． I have
will be yours sooner or later ．
A．No matter
what
C．Whatever
B．No matter whatever
D．That
20．He
always thinks he can do more for the
people．
A．of how
C．of that
B．how
D．why
21． in the newspaper that the
Japanese Minister will arrive next Monday ．
A．It says
C．It has said
B．It is said
D．He is said
22．We think it important
college students should master at least one
foreign
language ．
A．which
C．what
B．that
D．whether
23．Comrade Wang is to give us a talk on
he saw and heard in Britain．
A．what
C．that
B．all what
D．which
24．The town
is no longer it was ten years ago．
A．which B．that
C．what
D．when
25． told you that was lying
．
A．who B．whoever
C．Anyone
D．The person
26．Word came I was
wanted at the office．
A．which B．why
C．that D．whether
27．
nothing to do with us ．
A．What he did is
B．What he has done
C．What did he do
D．What he has done has
28．The problem is
will go ．
A．that B．that who
C．who D．whoever
29． there is
life on another planet is almost impossible．
A．How B．That
C．Why D．Whether
30． was a well -known fact．
A．That their team was weak B．That their team being
weak
C．Their team was weak D．If their team
was weak
【答案】：
1 C 2 B 3 D 4 C 5 D 6
A 7 B 8 B
11 B 12 C 13 D 14 D 15 B 16 B
17 B 18 B
21 B 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 B 26C
27 D 28 C
9 A 10 B
19C 20 A
29 B 30 A