(新课标)2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点十名词性从句(含解析)

考点十 名词性从句

限时25分钟
一、单句语法填空
1．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy．
答案：That 空格处引导主语从句。从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此用that引
导该主语从句。
2．Children should be reminded of ________ they should do in public places．
答案：what 句意：应该提醒孩子们 在公共场所应该做些什么。所填词引导宾语从句且
在从句中作do的宾语，意为“……的事情”，故用w hat。
3．Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact ________ he doesn't have what it
takes to be a professional．
答案：that 句意：迪克喜欢画画，但他知道自己没有成 为一名专业画家所需要的(素质)。
that引导同位语从句，说明fact的具体内容。
4．Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things
perfectly．
答案：whether 根据句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句；根 据句意可判断，设空处意
为“是否”，其前有介词on，故填 whether。
5．I lost my cell phone yesterday． Can you tell me ________ I can buy one?
答案：where where引导宾语从句，且在从句中作地点状语。
6．It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change
his mind．
答案：that it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完
整，因此用that。
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7．________ breaks the law will be punished．
答案：Whoever 句意：无论谁违法都将受到惩罚。主语从句中缺少主语，指人，并且表
泛指，故用whoever。
8．She will give ________ needs help a warm support．
答案：whoever 句意：凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。由句意 可知，应填
whoever，在宾语从句中充当主语。
9．I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now．
答案：what 句意：我不知道那个女孩现在在房间里干什么。由句意可知，应填what，
在同位语从句中作宾语，且意为“……的事情”。
10．________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned
by asking questions．
答案：What 分析句子成分可知，主语从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。
11．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it
was probably around 1565．
答案：when 句意：土豆被引入欧洲的确切时间不能确定，但很可能是 1565年左右。分
析句子结构可知，设空处为主语从句的引导词，从around 1565判断，这里指时间，故填when。
12．It shocked the world ________ the United States withdrew from some major
agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate
change and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal．
答案：that 句意：令世界震惊的是，美国退出了它所承诺的一些主要协议，包括2015
年《巴黎气候变化协定》和2015年《伊朗核协议》。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that
引 导的主语从句。
13．I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure
________ to begin．
答案：where 句意：我现在需要帮助！我不得 不修理洗手间里一个正在漏水的管子，但
是我不确定从何处着手。此处表示是管子哪里漏水，表示地点， 填where。
14．Forty grams of meat per day is ________ people should consume in order to
stay fit．
答案：what 句意：为了保持健康，人们每天应该消耗40克肉。“________ people should
consume”是表语从句，该从句中，consume缺少宾语，且表示“所……的东西”，故要用wha t
引导该从句。
15．The famous player tried again and again after each failure． That's ________
he succeeded at last．
答案：why 句意：每次失败后，这位著名的球员一次又一次地尝试。那就是为什么他最
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终成功了(的原因)。be后面的是一个表语从句，用why引导从句，表示结果，故填why。
16．The retired engineer is showing ________ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which
all the curious visitors want to know．
答案：how 句意：这位 退休的工程师正在展示轮椅如何爬楼梯，这是所有有好奇心的游
客想知道的。由句意可知，填how，意 为“怎么，如何”。这是how引导的宾语从句。
17．It hasn't been made clear ________ the new underground line is to be open
to traffic．
答案：when 句意：新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚 。由句意可知，填when。这是when
引导的主语从句，it是形式主语。
18．The problem is ________ sometimes when we are given something on a constant
basis, we start to take it for granted and forget to be thankful for what we already
have．
答案：that 句意：问题是，有时候当我 们不断地被给予某些东西时，我们就认为这是
理所当然的，从而忘记了要对我们已经拥有的东西应该心存 感恩。由于从句中成分完整，因
此应用that来引导，that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分 。
19．Ten percent of life is ________ happens to you and ninety percent is ________
you respond to it．
答案：what; how 句意：生活的百分之十是事件本身，另有 百分之九十在于你如何回应
它。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导表语从句，happens to you缺少主语，意为“什么事”，
因此应用what来引导；第二空也引导表语从句，you respond to it成分齐全，因此应用how，
表方式。
20．After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at ________ we had been told was
Garden in the Air．
答案：what 句意：经过一天筋疲力尽的攀爬，我们终于到了那个被称为“空中花园”
的地 方。分析句子结构可知，at为介词，后面是一个宾语从句，we had been told为插入语，
宾语从句中缺主语，且在句中意为“……的事物(东西)”，故用what。
21．Sometimes, ________ we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the
kind of food we serve him or her．
答案：how 句意：有时我们如何表达对一个人的感激 之情会体现在招待他或她的食物种
类上。此处用how，表方式，引导主语从句。
22．It remains to be seen ________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project
going．
答案：whether 句意：这个计划是否足够可行来让这个工程继续下去，还有待于进一步
观察。whether引导主语从句，it是形式主语。
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23．Some summer camps can provide you with as many as ten courses, and you are
required to choose ________ suits you best．
答案：whichever 句意：一些夏令营可以提供多达10门课程，你可以从中选择最适合
自己的课程。choose后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且前句提到范围即as many as ten
courses，故此处表示你最喜欢的任何一门，故填whichever。
24．It is reported that a huge percentage of bird species are in danger． It's
________ their habitats or homelands are disappearing．
答案：because 句意：据报道大部分鸟类正面临危险。这是因为它们的栖息地或家园正
在消失。空格处引导表语从句。根据前后两句的关系，空格处表示因果关系，故使用because。
25．I just wonder ________ it is that all the villagers think highly of him．
答案：why 句意：我就是想知道为什么所有的村民对他的评价这么高。wonder后面用
why引导宾语从句。
26．If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose
________ you have already filled out on this form．
答案：whatever 句意：如果你留下这个申请表不填，而去另一个网站，你将会丢失你
在这个表格中已填好的任何东西。根据句意可知，是丢失已经填好的表格内容，用whatever
引导 。
27．________ they've managed to get everything finished so quickly is not clear
to us．
答案：How 句意：他们是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我们还不清楚。主语从句不缺少主语、宾语和定语，且由managed to get everything finished可知空格处是表示方式，因
此填How。
28．A proposal was put forward at the meeting ________ the new cement plant
shouldn't be built near the school．
答案：that 句意：一个建议在会上被提出来，新水泥厂不应该建在学校附近。本 题考
查的是同位语从句，句中的“that the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the
school”解释说明名词proposal。
29．The most exciting moment was ________ I was given the first prize．
答案：when 句意：我最兴奋的时刻是我获得第一名的时候。根据句中的“exciting
moment”可知，此处是when引导的表语从句。
30．They are discussing the problem ________ they should stop investing money
in that project．
答案：whether 句意：他们正在讨论是否应该停止向那个项目投资的问题。分析句子结
构，空格后面是一个同位语从句，解释前面“problem”的内容，根据句意，缺少表示“是否”
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的词，而if不能引导同位语从句，只能填whether。
二、单句改错
1．The fact when he had not said anything surprised me．
_______________________ _________________________________________________
答案：when→that 本句中含有同位语从句，解释说明The fact的内容，从句中不缺少
成分，并且句意完整，故引导词用that。
2．That the fat boy needs is much more practice．
_____ __________________________________________________ _________________
答案：That→What is前面的句子是一个主语从句， 从句中缺少needs的宾语，且意为
“……的事物(东西)”，因此应用what。
3．That we can arrive there on time depends on the weather．
_________________________________ _______________________________________
答案：That→Whether 句意：我们是否能准时到达那里取决于天气。whether引导的 主
语从句可置于句首，本句中的主语从句缺乏表示“是否”的连接词，故将That改为Whether 。
4．The reason why she doesn't like me is I make her angry．
______________________________ __________________________________________
答案：is后加that is后是一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此
应 用that。表语从句中that不能省略。“The reason why ．．． is that ．．．”是一固定句
型，意为“……的原因是……”。
5．I have been worrying about if I have hurt Mary's feelings．
_________________________________________________ _______________________
答案：if→whether 宾语从句位于介词之后，表“是否”时，只能用whether引导，不
能用if。
6．That surprised us most was that Tom should have left without a word．
____________________ __________________________________________________ __
答案：That→What 引导主语从句并且在从句中作主语，且意为“……的事情”，应用
What。
7．It's no longer a question now that man can land on the moon．
________________________________________ ________________________________
答案：that→whether 句意：现在，人类是否能登上月球已经不再是一个问题了。句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句。
8．The real reason why I don't have a hobby is because I don't have time．
___________________________________ _____________________________________
答案：because→that 句意：我没有爱好的真正的原因是我没时间。表语从句中不缺少
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成分，并且句意完整，因此应用that。The reason why ．．． is that ．．． “……的原因
是……”。
9．The news they had won the game soon spread over the whole country．
____________________________________ ____________________________________
答案：news后加that 句意：他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了全国。that引导同位
语从句，解释前面的news 的内容，that不能省略。
10．The organizers promise who wins the first prize a chance to go abroad．
_ __________________________________________________ _____________________
答案：who→whoever 句意：组织者承诺无 论谁获得一等奖都会有出国的机会。在题干
中，promise后面跟的是一个宾语从句，who指具体 的“谁”，与题意不符；whoever是“无
论谁”之意，相当于anyone who，可引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，与题意相符。
11．Mary is a humorous and warm?hearted woman and that is because she is a most
popular person in her community．
___________________________________ _____________________________________
答案：because→why 句意：玛丽是一个很幽默而且很热心的女人，这就是她为什么会
成为社区里非常受欢迎的人。that is后引导的句子作is的表语，表结果，故用why。
12．The question is if they will be able to help us．
_____________ __________________________________________________ _________
答案：if→whether 句意：问题是他们是否能帮我们。本句中包含表语 从句，if不连
接表语从句，故将if改为whether。
13．In the office an electrical engineer is looking through the instructions to
know whether the heat system works．
________________________________ ________________________________________
答案：whether→how 句意：办公室里一名电气工程师正在浏览说明书为了弄明白供热
系统是如何工作的。know后是一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中表示方式。根据句意可知，应
将wh ether改为how。
14．I know nothing about him except he is from the south．
_______________________ _________________________________________________
答案：except后加that except that是一个固定结构，连接宾语从句，故在except
后加that。
15．He says the book is very interesting, and all the children love to read it．
___________________ __________________________________________________ ___
答案：and后加that 动词后接有两个或者两个以上的宾语从句时，第二个以及以后的
宾语从句中的that不能省略。
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名词性从句(一)
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that, whether, if (在从句中均不充当任何成分)。
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever等。
连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。
注意：that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，但在主语从 句、表语从句、同位语从句中也
不能省略，在引导宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略； that引导的宾语从句作
介词的宾语时，that不可以省略；whether和if意为“是否”， 在宾语从句中可以互换使用
(注意介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导)；在表语从句、同位 语从句、主语从句且主
语从句位于句首时，只能用whether。从句均用陈述语序。
一、主语从句
1．主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的从句。
That_he_passed_the_driving_test made us very happy．
Who_will_take_over_the_company has not been decided yet．
2．为了防止一些句子头重脚轻，通常用it作形式主语。
用it作形式主语的常用句型
①It is＋名词(a fact, a shame, a pity, good news ．．．) that ．．．
②It is＋形容词(true, certain, clear ．．．) that ．．．
③It is＋过去分词(said, reported, believed ．．．) that ．．．
④It＋不及物动词(occurs, matters ．．． )＋that从句
It_is_certain_that you will pass the College Entrance Exam．
It_is_a_pity_that I missed the party held last night．
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It_is_reported_that the accident was caused by carelessness．
It_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with her．
二、宾语从句
1．宾语从句：在复 合句中充当宾语成分的从句。分为及物动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语
从句、形容词后的宾语从句。
Do you know who_has_got_the_first_prize?
We are talking about whether_we_admit_students_into_our_club．
I am sure I_will_pass_the_exam．
2．it作形式宾语，常用的动词有：find, make, feel, think, consider等。
I find it necessary that_we_do_some_reading_every_day．
3．有些动词不能直接跟宾语从句，需要借助形式宾语it。常见的有like, dislike, hate,
love, enjoy, appreciate等。
I hate it when_people_speak_with_their_mouths_full．
I would appreciate it if_you_could_stay_for_lunch．
4．在suggest, demand, insist, order 等动词后的宾语从句中， 谓语动词要用虚拟
语气，即 (should＋)动词原形。
She suggested that we (should)_not_go there for holiday．

限时25分钟
一、单句语法填空
1．(2017·北京高考)Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win
a prize in the Kite Festival．
答案：whoever 句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮的风筝的人会赢得一份奖品。
设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论谁”，故填whoever。
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2．(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree?lined street, not knowing
________ she was heading．
答案：where 句意：简在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着 ，不知道她要去哪里。设空
处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
3．(2016·北京高考)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one
can be entirely free from dust．
答案：that 句意：雨季最令人愉悦的是人们可以完全不受灰尘 的烦扰。分析句子结构
可知，本空需要连接词引导表语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，也无任何意 义，只起
连接作用，故用that引导。
4．(2017·江苏高考)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is
down to $$20, half of ________ it used to charge．
答案：what 句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元 ，这是
其过去要价的一半。设空处引导宾语从句。从句中缺少charge的宾语且表示“事物”，故用
what引导。
5．(2017·天津高考)She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library,
and I admitted that I hadn't．
答案：whetherif 句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆，我承认我还没有归还。设
空处引导的是宾语从句，根据句意可知 ，该宾语从句要用whetherif引导，表“是否”。
6．(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have
an assistant． There is too much work to do．
答案：that 句意：经理提出了一条建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的 工作要做。
suggestion后是同位语从句，从句的结构和句意均完整，故用that引导。
7．(2016·北京高考)Your support is important to our work． ________ you can do
helps．
答案：Whatever 句意：你的支持对于我们的工作很重要，不管你做什么都能帮助我们。
分析句子结构可知，本空需要连接代词whatever引导主语从句，并在从句中作do的宾语。
8．(2018·北京西城模拟)—Could you give me some advice on getting a job?
—First, find out ________ you like doing best．
答案：what 句意：——你能给我一些有关找工作的建议吗？——首先要弄清楚你最喜
欢做什么。“________ you like doing best”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语(doing的宾
语)，且 设空处意为“……的事”，故答案为what。
9．(2018·山西重点中学协作体模拟)My mother knew where we were at all times． She
knew ________ our friends were．
答案：whowhere 句意：我母亲总是知道我们在哪里。她知道我们的朋友是谁在哪里。
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根据句意可知，设空处在宾语从句中作表语，且表示“身份或地点”，故用 who或where引
导。
10．(2018·河南模拟)I had no idea ________ a stage manager actually did．
答案：what 句意：我不知道舞台经理实际做些什么。“________ a stage manager
actually did”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语，且设空处指“事物”，故用what引导。
11．(2018·青岛模拟)The problem is ________ we can improve our reading skills
in such a short time．
答案：howwhether 句意：问题是我们如何是否能在这么短的时间内提升阅读技 能。
根据句意可知，填howwhether引导表语从句。
12．(2018·安徽联考)—It's my treat today． Is there anything particular you would
like to have?
—________ you choose is fine with me．
答案：Whatever 句意：——今天我请客，你有什么特别想吃的吗？——无论你选择什
么对我来说都可以。“________ you choose”为主语从句，从句中choose缺宾语，且指“无
论什么”，故用whatever。
13．(2018·天津高考)When I told Sally ________ happened, she covered her mouth,
laughing．
答案：what 句意：当我告诉萨里发生了什么事情的时候，她捂着嘴笑了。what引导宾
语从句，作told 的宾语。
14．(2018·浙江高考)It's partly true ________ Dickens' style of writing attracted
audiences from all walks of life．
答案：that 句意：这一点部分是真实的 ，即狄更斯的写作风格吸引了各行各业的人们。
it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，that在从 句中不作任何成分。
15．(2018·浙江高考)This is ________ there is a saying that if you want something
done, ask a busy person to do it．
答案：why 句意：这就是为什么有这样的一种说法，求忙人才能做成事。此处why引导
表语从句。
16．(2018·江苏高考)________ starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous
pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school．
答案：What 句意：开始中学生玩这些应用程序只是因为它们有趣，后来它们变成了一
个现 实社交互动中的巨大压力。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。
17．(2018·全国高考作业帮高考预测卷)One of my favorite sports?related memories
was ________ I was at the basketball team in high school．
答案：when 句意：我最喜欢的与体育有关的记忆之一就是我高中参加篮球队的时候。
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由句中的memories可知，应用when引导表语从句。
18．(2018·四川绵阳高三考前模拟)What is concerning us greatly is ________the
workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free．
答案：whenwhether 句意：我们非常关心的是昨天在那个地区被抢劫的工人们什么时
候是否会被释放。此处缺表语从句的连接词且从句中不缺主语或宾语，故可用whenwhether。
19．(2018·安徽省皖南八校高三联考)The practical suggestion came from the
representatives________ the new rule be adopted．
答案：that 句意：来自代表们的切实可行的建议是：这项新 规定应该被采纳。分析句
子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，说明suggestion的内容，而该从句 意思非常完整，所以要
用that引导。
20．(2018·长春市高三二模)________ is the most important to him is not his job,
but his family．
答案：What 句意： 对于他来说最重要的不是他的工作而是他的家庭。此处what引导
主语从句，且在从句中作主语。
21．(2019·厦门一中高三模拟)His success in digital field proved ________ it
took to be a best CEO．
答案：what 句意：他在数字领域的成功证明了要想成为最好的CEO所需要的条件。
pr oved后接宾语从句。因为从句中took缺宾语，且该宾语意为“……的事物(东西)”，填
wha t。
22．(2019·河北省保定市月考)Built over 2,200 years ago in ________ is now
Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still
used today．
答案：what 句 意：2,200多年前在现在的中国西南部的四川省，建造的这个惊人的工
程至今仍在使用。what引 导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，同时在宾语从句中作主语。
23．(2019·广东省五校高三联考)In Japan, it is recognized that the best
communication is ________ you don't speak at all．
答案：when 句意：在日本，人们公认最好的交流是当 你什么也不说时。根据语境可知，
此处填when引导表语从句。
24．(2018·北京高考)Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now．
答案：where 句意： 如果没有他的支持， 我们不可能取得现在的成就。分析句子是一
个含蓄条件句，without引导条件，主句中是对现在的 虚拟，where we are指我们所处的现
状，是一个表语从句。
25．(2018·北京高考)This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face
difficulties and hope for the best．
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答案：what 句意：这是 我父亲已经教给我的东西：总是勇敢地面对困难并且抱最好的
希望。what引导表语从句，从句中缺少 taught的宾语，故填what。
26．(2018·天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first
place in the bicycle race．
答案：whoever 句意：无 论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，
宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever ，表示“任何人，无论谁”。
27．(2018·江苏高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we
arrived．
答案：how 句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达 的。which引导非
限制性定语从句，is后面为表语从句。这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充 当方式状语，
表示“如何”。
28．(2019·河北曲周县一中高三模拟)I'd like to start my own business—that's
________ I'd do if I had money．
答案：what 句 意：我想自己创业，那是我有钱后要做的事。此处引导表语从句，且在
从句中作do的宾语，意为“…… 的事情”。故用what。
29．(2018·天津高考)The possibility ________ there is life on other planets in
the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space．
答案：that 此处that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。
30．(2019·海南儋州一中高三统测)Today, people still come and go—to see
________ the Canadian gold rush happened．
答案：where 句意：如今，人们仍然来往这里看加拿 大的淘金热在哪里发生的。分析句
子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
二、单句改错
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)But sometimes we're not aware what cheaply we can make this
food ourselves．
___________________________________ _____________________________________
答案：what→how 句意：但是有的时候我们意识不到我们自己可以使得这种食物多么地
便宜。此处修饰cheaply。用副词how。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The general rule is what mild zones have relatively few
languages, often spoken by many people． ________________________________________________ ________________________
答案：what→that 句意：通常的规则 是气候温暖的地区语言种类少，而说这些语言的
人人数较多。that引导表语从句，在从句中不作任何 成分，而what作主语，宾语或者表语。
本句不缺少成分，故将what改为that。
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3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whenever
is ahead of you for the day．
____________________ __________________________________________________ __
答案：whenever→whatever 句意：锻炼使得你更加清醒并且随时做好处理你所 面临的
困难的准备。handle后面的宾语从句中缺少主语，而whenever作时间状语，故将w henever
改为whatever。
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)That is only evidence which traditions once existed．
_ __________________________________________________ _____________________
答案：which→that 句意：这是唯一的证据 证明传统曾经存在过。that引导同位语从
句，介绍前面的evidence的内容。
5．(2018·北京高考)It's hard to predict why driverless cars will be everywhere
on our roads．
_______________________________________ _________________________________
答案：why→when 句意：很难预测什么时候无人驾驶汽车会行驶在我们的道路上。when
引导宾语从句，作时间状语。
6．(2018·河南六市高三联考)The tour pal lost his way in the mountain; that made
things worse was that it began to rain．
____________________________ ____________________________________________
答案：第一个that→what 句意：这个驴友在山里迷路了，更糟糕的是开始下雨了。分
析句子结构可知，本句包含两个并列分句。而第二个分句的主语为what引导的主语从句，what
在 主语从句中作主语。
7．(2018·湖北四地高三联考)Recently the students in our school have had a heated
discussion on if people should keep pets at home in cities．
______________________________ __________________________________________
答案：if→whether if和whether都可以表示“是否”，但是介词后面的宾语从句只
能用whether引导，因此将if改成whether。
8．(2018·河南焦作模拟)After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates
that we could do．
__________________________________________ ______________________________
答案：that→what 句意 ：到达学校后，我和一些同学讨论我们能做点什么。本句中含
有宾语从句，该从句中缺少do的宾语，且 表示“事物”，故用what引导。
9．(2019·江苏质检)The hope he may recover is not gone yet．
_____________________ __________________________________________________ _
答案：hope后加that 本句中含有同位语从句，其中连接词that不能省略。
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10．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live．
__ __________________________________________________ ____________________
答案：that→where 句意：我的叔叔是我住处附近的一家餐馆的老板。宾语从句中缺少
地点状语，故用where引导。
11．(2018·山西四校联考)What I believe it's the best way to get close to nature．
__________________ __________________________________________________ ____
答案：去掉What I believe后为省略了that的宾语从句，what为多余成分。
12．(2019·唐山模拟)I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all
useful to me．
_________________________________________________ _______________________
答案：what→which 句意：我不知道该买哪一本，因为这些书对我都有用。which指“哪
一本”符合句意。
13．(2018·浙江质检)You want to know that everything is going in our school．
______________________ __________________________________________________
答案：that→how know后的宾语从句中缺少方式状语，应用how。
14．(2018·河南八市联考)In our life, we often regret what we did and which we
couldn't do．
____ __________________________________________________ __________________
答案：which→what what引导宾语从句，此处意为“……的事情”，在从句中作do的
宾语。
15．(2019·河北调研)The question that who should do the job requires
consideration．
__________ __________________________________________________ ____________
答案：去掉that the question后为同位语从句，这个同位语从句是由who引导的，that
为多余的连接词。
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名词性从句(二)
三、表语从句
1．表语从句：在复合句中充当表语成分的从句。通常位于be动词或系动词look, seem
等之后。
The problem is when_we_can_get_a_pay_rise．
That is what_I_want_to_tell_you．
2．表语从句可以用as ifthough 引导，意为“好像……”。
It looks as_if it is going to rain．
3．because引导的表语从句强调原因，而why引导的表语从句强调结果。
That's because_he_doesn't_understand_me．
He was busy． That's why_he_didn't_attend_the_meeting．
4．“The reason why ．．． ＋be＋that从句”结构。
The_reason_why he was absent was_that_he_was_ill．
四、同位语从句
1．同位语从句：在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些
抽象名词之后 ，如：fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, truth, hope, suggestion, belief
等后面，用以解释说明这些名词。
I have no idea when_Chaplin's_film_will_be_on_again．
We were very excited at the news that_our_team_had_won．
The fact that_women_can_work_as_well_as_men is clear．
Henry Adams made a promise that_he_would_not_open_the_letter_until_2_o'clock．
2．同位语从句与名词之间有时会被句子的其他成分隔开，形成间隔性同位语从句。
Word came that_our_team_had_won_the_game．
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3．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句只是说明或解 释前面名词的具体内容，that在从句中只起连接作用，不充当
句子成分；定语从句用来修饰限定前面 的名词或代词，关系词that在从句中既起到连接作用，
又在从句中充当成分。
Have you heard the news that_our_team_won_the_game? (同位语从句)
Have you heard the news that_was_reported_from_the_front？(定语从句)
注意：whe ther和if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以通用，但其他情况下二者还是有
一定的区别。下列情况 下一般用whether不用if：
①引导主语从句且从句位于句首、表语从句、同位语从句时；
②引导介词或discuss的宾语从句时；
③与or not连用时；
④用在不定式前面时。
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